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They are letterhead,reference and date, inside address ,salutation,body,complimentary close,and signature .

信头、参考编号和日期、封内标址、称呼、正文、结为谦称和签名。

The standard parts of a business letters are the dateline , letter address , salutation , body , complimentary close , signature block , and reference initials.

商务信函的标准部分是：发信日期、地址称谓、信文、结尾敬辞、信末签名和口述者/打字员姓名的缩写。

Observations of pollen grains of the two regions can provide reference material for divergence and migration of Compositae, and for comparative studies of fossil pollen.

通过对这两个地区菊科植物花粉形态的观察有可能为菊科分化、迁移，以及化石孢粉的研究提供参考资料。

The achievement that soil ultimate bear capacity heightened under pile caps due to barrier effect of piles gained from model test, and soil move around piles acquired from numerical simulation, its not only verified hypothesis of composite pile foundation nonlinear design theory, but have important reference value to the study of design theory and design method of composite pile foundation, which help to go deep into study of promote pile-soil-pile caps nonlinear interaction theory and composite pile foundation nonlinear design theory.

由模型试验得到的桩的遮拦作用对承台下土体极限承载力提高和数值模拟得到的土体绕桩流动等成果，不仅验证了

From December 19 last year, officially launched the "2005 Beijing favorite consumer brands" poll, taken by the Association recommend, social selection and enterprise interoperability or recommended several ways to brand ourselves sea election, the Organizing Committee with reference to brand awareness, the annual operating capacity of composite indicator of consumer complaints, such as the final candidate to determine the 500 brand, and network and Beijing Qianlong CaseTrust online publicity, 1.02 million Internet users, through online voting and SMS voting system, and ultimately decided the near 100 best brands.

正式启动了"2005年北京最喜爱的消费品牌"调查是由该协会采取的建议，社会选择和企业在互操作或建议几种方式来包装自己，海选，与参考品牌意识，组委会对消费者投诉，每年营运的综合指标，如候选人的能力，最终确定500个品牌，网络和北京千龙消协网上宣传，1.02亿互联网用户，通过网上投票和短信投票系统，最终决定了近100个最佳品牌。

With the reference of statistical date, We use AHP to decide the index weighting and get the composite index number, analyzing aggregate level and single level.

依据相关统计数据计算出西安城市化综合指数，分析了西安城市化的总体水平和单项水平。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

A compound control scheme combining detaching Proportion and Integral control with Model Reference Adaptive Control based on Liapunov stability theory was formulated,which is used on the plant of direct driving electric-servo-actuator.

以直接力驱动电动舵机为被控对象，提出了一种分离比例-积分控制与基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论的模型参考自适应控制相结合的复合控制方案，该方案充分结合了分离PI控制动态性能好和自适应控制抗干扰能力强、鲁棒性好等优点。

A compound control scheme combining detaching Proportion and Integral control with Model Reference Adaptive Control based on Liapunov stability theory was formulated, which is used on the plant of direct driving electric-servo-actuator. This scheme combined the good property of each algorithm, such as good dynamic property of the PT and strong anti-disturbance ability and good robustness of MARC.

以直接力驱动电动舵机为被控对象，提出了一种分离比例－积分控制与基于李稚普诺夫稳定性理论的模型参考自适应控制相结合的复合控制方案，该方案充分结合了分离PI控制动态性能好和自适应控制抗干扰能力强、鲁棒性好等优点。

The precondition of the above method is that the site relationship among the marks must be changeless at the two reference frames, but this relationship will be destroyed by the computational error.

实现上述目标位姿测量方法的前提条件是要保证该组特征点在不同坐标系下，其位置关系相同，但计算误差的存在却破坏了这种固定的位置关系。

Chimborazo and Cotopaxi, took me by the hand.

越过琴博腊索山和科托帕克西山。

This car is in a good condition.

这辆车的状况很好。