查询词典 reduction rate

objective to evaluate efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsyfor treating ureteral stones in situ,investigate the cause of higher re-treatment rate.methods total of 687 patients with ureteral stone were received eswl between january 2000 and december 2004,included 455 male(66.2%) and 232 female(33.8%) patients,6 cases have bilateral ureteral calculi,12 cases have unilateral multiple calculi.hence,together 709 ureteral calculi were treated.patients upper ureteral calculi were treated in the supine position,for lower ureteral calculi patients were turned prone.to reduce eswl-induced renal trauma and pain,using lower energy source,adjusted power setting from 9.8 to 13.2kv,limited 1500 shock wavs per one session.no auxiliary procedure were used before eswl.the stone size was measured as the surface area of stone length by stone width on x-ray film.the interval between two treatment sessions was two weeks.results of 709 ureteral calculi,the overall stone free rate was 97.3%(690 calculi),re-treatment rate was 34.1%(292 calculi).according to the performed treatment sessions,one session 467 calculi,the mean stone size 37.27mm2,stone free rate 65.4%(464 calculi).two sessions 138 calculi,the mean stone size 62.48mm2,stone free rate 18.4%(131calculi).three sessions 52 calculi,the mean stone size 79.60mm2,stone free rate 7.1%(50calculi).four sessions 19 calculi,the mean stone size 101.63mm2,stone free rate 2.4%(17calculi).fivesessions 33 calculi,the mean stone size 119.33mm2,stone free rate 3.9%(28 calculi).overall 19 cases(2.7%)turned to other treatment modalities.of 335 upper ureteral calculi,303 achieved stone free (95.8%),re-treatment rate was 38.5%(129 calculi).of 374 lower ureteral calculi,369 achieved stone free(98.7%),re-treatment rate was 30.2%(113 calculi).the re-treatment rate of upper ureteral calculi was higher than lower ureteral calculi(p＜0.05,χ2=5.40).the difference of stone-free rate between upper and lower ureteral calculi was no significant(p＞0.05,χ2=0.15).conclusion eswl should be considered first line therapy for ureteral stone still.stone burden are the main variable of higher re-treatment rate,upper ureteral stone may moving with respiring during eswl.so efficinet shock wave was decreared,re-treatment rate become higher.

目的 评估体外震波碎石治疗输尿管结石的疗效，探讨再治疗率高的原因及输尿管结石的治疗选择。方法回顾2000年1月～2004年12月间eswl治疗输尿管结石的临床资料687例，男455例（66.2%），女232例（33.8%），平均年龄46.6岁（15～83岁）。有双侧输尿管结石6例，单侧多发性输尿管结石12例（4颗1例，3颗2例，2颗9例），共计输尿管结石709颗（含透光结石13颗）。应用上海爱申公司生产的desunit6030型碎石机，c臂x线球管做结石定位。上段输尿管结石（肾盂输尿管交界处至骶髂关节上缘）取仰卧位，下段输尿管结石（骶髂关节上缘下至输尿管口）取俯卧位。为减少eswl引起的肾损伤和疼痛，应用较低的能量，震波发生器电压从9.8～13.2kv，震波频率1.5s。每次治疗设定为1500次震波。治疗后3天摄腹部平片或b超，以后每隔7日重复检查。假如结石未碎或有残留结石最长径＞3mm以上，再次eswl，两次治疗的间隔时间为两周。结石的大小用x线片上的表面积（mm2表示。结果 709颗输尿管结石总的治愈率为97.3%（690颗），再治疗率34.1%（242颗）。其中一次治疗467颗，平均结石大小37.27mm2，治愈464颗（65.4%），3颗改治疗；两次治疗138颗，平均结石大小62.48mm2，治愈131颗（18.5%），7颗改治疗；第1和第2次治疗治愈率（1个月治愈率）为83.8%。3次治疗52颗，平均结石大小79.60mm2，治愈50颗（7.1%），2颗改治疗；4次治疗19颗，平均结石大小101.63mm2，治愈17颗（2.4%），2颗改治疗；5次及5次以上治疗33颗，平均结石大小119.33mm2，治愈28颗（3.9%），5颗改治疗。总计19颗（2.7%）结石改变治疗方式。上段输尿管结石335颗，治愈321颗（95.8%），再治疗129颗（38.5%）。下段输尿管结石374颗，治愈369颗（98.7%），再治疗113颗（30.2%）。经χ2检验，上、下段输尿管结石的再治疗率差异有显著性（χ2=5.40，p＜0.05），治愈率差异无显著性（χ2=0.15，p＞0.05）。不良反应：血压升高13例（1.9%），震波区域疼痛26例（3.8%），震波进入处皮肤点状淤血33例（4.8%），肉眼血尿128例（18.6%），均于第2、3天自行消失。结论 eswl目前仍是输尿管结石的第一线治疗，结石的大小是再治疗率高的主要因素。结石的位置有影响，上段输尿管结石可随呼吸移动，有效震波次数减少，再治疗率比下段输尿管结石高。eswl前注重病例筛选可降低再治疗率。

With the raw material and the particle size of reducing agent narrowed, the percent reduction of strontia increases.(6) With the barbecuing pressure increasing, the percent reduction of strontia increases, after the certain value, the percent reduction of strontia decreases instead.(7) With reduction temperature increasing, the percent reduction of strontia increases.(8) The percent reduction of strontia is increasing with prolonging reduction time. In this experimental condition, it will become steady after 2.5h.

通过实验研究确定以SrCl_2-SrF_2-SrCO_3的纯锶盐体系作为电解质，实验中还采用了我们最新研制的熔盐电解监控仪对电解过程进行测量和系统的研究，得出以下结论：(1)增加电流强度，反电动势亦随之增加，而升高温度反电动势则有所降低；(2)随着电流密度的升高和电解时间的延长，电流效率逐渐增加，达到峰值后稳步下降；(3)延长电解时间，合金中锶的含量逐渐增加，最高可达18.1％；(4)开始电解后，反电动势逐渐增加，但向熔体中加入SrCO_3后，反电动势明显降低，因此认为在正常电解时是SrCO_3在分解。

In the paper,the transmission of designed roller oscillating tooth reduction gear adopts osci llating tooth gear drive without exception,one-stage reduction gear and two-stage reduction gear have joined through spline coupling band;The joining way of shock wave thellomble and oscillating tooth adopts the biserial bearing of without inner ring of needle bearing,and directly adopts bearing outer ring as shock wave thellomble;Center wheel of two-stage reduction gear and center wheel of two-stage reduction gear passes through taper thread,and center wheel is fixed;As soon as the flange of input end and center wheel of one-stage reduction gear,the flange of export end and center wheel of two-stage reduction gear makes monobloc structure.

本文预设的井下减速器的传动均采用活齿传动，一级减速器的输出轴和二级减速器的输入轴通过花键联轴套联接；激波环与活齿的毗连方式采用能蒙受较大载荷的无内圈双列滚针不锈钢管，且直接采用不锈钢管外圈作为激波环；一级减速器的中心轮和二级减速器的中心轮是通过锥螺纹毗连的，且中心轮固定；一级减速器的中心轮与输入端的法兰盘，二级减速器的中心轮与输出端的法兰盘均做成整体的结构。

In the paper,the transmission of designed roller oscillating tooth reduction gear adopts oscillating tooth gear drive without exception,one-stage reduction gear and two-stage reduction gear have joined through spline coupling band;The joining way of shock wave thimble and oscillating tooth adopts the biserial bearing of without inner ring of needle bearing,and directly adopts bearing outer ring as shock wave thimble;Center wheel of two-stage reduction gear and center wheel of two-stage reduction gear passes through taper thread,and center wheel is fixed;As soon as the flange of input end and center wheel of one-stage reduction gear,the flange of export end and center wheel of two-stage reduction gear makes monobloc structure.

本文设计的井下减速器的传动均采用活齿传动，一级减速器的输出轴和二级减速器的输入轴通过花键联轴套联接；激波环与活齿的连接方式采用能承受较大载荷的无内圈双列滚针中国财经圈，中国财经圈，且直接采用进口中国财经圈外圈作为激波环；一级减速器的中心轮和二级减速器的中心轮是通过锥螺纹连接的，且中心轮固定；一级减速器的中心轮与输入端的法兰盘，二级减速器的中心轮与输出端的法兰盘均做成整体的结构。

In the one half part, according to the strontium nature, thermodynamic calculation of correlative reaction and the principle of the vacuum aluminothermy reduction process, with the laboratory findings of preparation strontium by vacuum aluminothermy reduction compared and analyzed in different parameter conditions, a variety of factors which effect the decomposition rate of SrCO_3 and the percent reduction of strontia are gotten out. The factors include that the decomposition rate of SrCO_3 is influenced by different addition and pressure. They also include that the percent reduction of strontia is influenced by excess coefficient of reducing agent aluminium powder, the particle size of raw material or reducing agent, the pressure of barbecuing, temperature and reduction time. According to those, we can draw the conclusion as follows:(1) Decomposition temperature of SrCO_3 is decreased by adding carbon and alumina in different degree.(2) With quantitative carbon added under the vacuum condition, the decomposition temperature of SrCO_3 is decreased obviously, which can fall 150℃ compared with atmospheric pressure.(3) In keeping 1150℃ of 2.5h, under the 5Pa vacuum condition, the decomposition rate of SrCO_3 nearly keeps in 99% steadily.

在前半部分的真空铝热还原法中，根据锶的性质、相关反应的热力学计算及真空铝热还原法原理，通过对不同参数条件下的真空铝热还原法生产金属锶的实验结果的分析比较，得出了影响SrCO_3的分解率和氧化锶的还原率的种种因素，具体因素包括不同添加剂、不同气压对SrCO_3分解率的影响，还原剂铝粉的过量系数、原料与还原剂的粒度、制团压力、温度和还原时间等对氧化锶还原率的影响，得出具体结论如下：(1)添加碳和Al_2O_3能不同程度的降低SrCO_3的分解温度；(2)真空条件下加入一定量的碳可显著降低SrCO_3的分解温度，比之常压下可降低150℃之多；(3)在1150℃恒温2.5h、真空度达到5Pa的条件下，SrCO_3的分解率几乎保持稳定在99％；(4)氧化锶的还原率随还原剂过量系数的增大而增大，但是趋势越来越小，当过量系数超过25％后，氧化锶的还原率几乎不再增加；(5)氧化锶的还原率随原料与还原剂的粒度的变细而增加；(6)氧化锶的还原率随制团压力的增加而增加，但超过一定值后，氧化锶的还原率反而会下降；(7)氧化锶的还原率随还原温度的升高而增加；(8)氧化锶的还原率随还原时间延长而增加，在本实验条件下，超过2.5h趋于稳定。

Result Richards Model and Monodic Quadratic Equation could properly describe grain dry matter growing process and the change process of grain filling rate with days after anthesis. There was big difference in average grain filling rate, maximum grain filling rate under different planting density. Average grain filling rate 1.26 mg/ and maximum grain filling rate 2.44 mg/ of T7 were the quickest, and the average grain filling rate 0.94 mg/ and maximum grain filling rate 1.99 mg/ of T12 were the slowest, and the maximum difference percentage of the average grain filling rate and maximum grain filling rate among different density were 33.98%, 22.61%. There was significant correlation between average grain filling rate, maximum grain filling rate, grain filling active duration, rapid increasing stage and thousand grain weight, and the correlation coefficients were 0.628*, 0.630*, 0.849**, 0.739**. Active grain filling duration contributed mostly to TGW.

结果不同密度处理间千粒重、单位面积穗数、穗粒数、单株穗数、单位面积籽粒产量均存在显著差异；不同密度处理冬小麦的籽粒灌浆均符合慢－快－慢的&S&型生长特性，用Richards模型能很好地模拟冬小麦籽粒增重过程，用一元二次抛物线方程能较好地模拟冬小麦灌浆速率随花后时间变化过程；不同密度处理间平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率有较大差异，最大差异率分别为33.98%、22.61%，T7的平均灌浆速率1.26mg/及最大灌浆速率2.44mg/均最大，T12的平均灌浆速率0.94mg/及最大灌浆速率1.99mg/均最小；平均灌浆速率、最大灌浆速率、灌浆活跃期、灌浆快增期与千粒重显著或极显著正相关，相关系数分别为0.628*、0.630*、0.849**、0.739**；通径分析表明，灌浆活跃期对千粒重的贡献最大。

If by means of a prereduction MRI or after neurologic deterioration during closed reduction, the surgeon becomes aware of a fragment of disc material displaced into the spinal canal, then an anterior discectomy, open reduction, fusion, and plating becomes necessary.2,7,9 In approximately half of the cases, a closed reduction will be successful in reducing the dislocation before surgery.50 In the majority of the others, an intraoperative reduction performed after the discectomy and decompression will achieve anatomic reduction.9,51 For those patients in whom an anterior discectomy and decompression have not been successful in reducing the dislocation, then a supplemental posterior open reduction should be performed.52

假如借助MRI检查，或在闭合复位过程中神经症状进一步加重，外科医生意识到有椎间盘碎片突入了椎管，此时就需要前路椎间盘切除减压、开放复位和固定融合。大约有一半的病例手术以前能够通过闭合复位来成功的将脱位复原，剩下的病例则需要在术中将椎间盘切除减压来达到解剖复位。假如有病人经过前方的椎间盘切除和减压后仍然不能成功的还原脱位，则需要再行后方的开放复位术。

After comparison of 30 and 50℃ treatments, AQDS were added into 3 kinds of microorganism biocoenosis from Jiling, Tianjin and Sichuan paddy soil, and it showed that AQDS could accelerate the reduction of Fe 10%-288%, meanwhile, temperature could accelerate the reduction of Fe 6%-17%. In axenic culture treatment of 6 kinds of bacterial strains from Sichuan and Jiangxi paddy soil, the maximum accumulation amount of Fe reduction rate was constant, the maximum reaction rate and ferric reduction rate of ferric strain JX-a08 all increased as temperature rose, which showed that bacterial strain JX-a08 were suitable to 50℃.

在30和50℃培养温度下，来源于吉林、天津和四川的3种水稻土微生物群落添加AQDS可使Fe还原的反应速率常数增加10%~288%，而温度变化的增加幅度仅为6%~17%；对分离自四川和江西水稻土中的6株铁还原菌的纯培养试验发现，菌株JX-a08的Fe最大累积量、还原速率常数、最大反应速率及铁还原率均随培养温度的升高明显增加，表明菌株JX-a08更适于在50℃下生长。

G.E.Hubb root is from 0.20mm to 0.50mm, and 95% roots, diameter is thinner than 0.40mm. The total surface areas of roots is 10139.68cm^2, and the surface areas of roots is about 2 to 3 times to soil surface areas in the surface layer. Enlacing sod concretion to soil profile of Eulaliopsis binata G.E. Hubb root and the gigantic adsorption to soil grains of root surface are the mechanism why Eulaliopsis binata G.E. Hubb can reduce null and water loss significantly. The monitoring result from 2003 to 2004 indicates that, when the gradient is 12 degrees, the runoff rate of planting Eulaliopsis binata Retz. G.E. Hubb completely after changing slope land to ladder (PECC, so as the follows is only 49.90m^3/hm^2?yr. and the soil loss rate is 155.78kg/hm^2?yr, however, the runoff rate of fanning and being not change slope land to ladder is 314.29m^3/hm^2?yr that is 6.30 times to PECC ,and the soil loss rate is 3322.50 that is 21.33 times to PECC; When the gradient is 24 degrees, the runoff rate of planting eulaliopsis binata G.E, Hubb in the ridge and border slope land after changing slope land to ladder is 248.04m^3/hm^3?yr and the soil loss rate is 612.00kg/hm^3?yr. the runoff rate of PECC is only 42.44m^3/hm^2?yr and the soil loss rate is 153.75kg/hm^2?yr, however, the runoff rate of ENC reaches to 785.73m^3/hm62?yr that is 3.17 times to PERBC and 18.52 times to PECC, and the soil lose rate reaches to 37503m^3/hm^2 yr that is 61.33 times to PERBC and 244.12 times to PECC.

蓑草根系平均直径0.20~0.50mm， 95%的根系平均直径小于0.40mm，根系总表面积10139.68cm^2，在土壤表层根系表面积高达土体表面积的2~3倍，根系表面对土壤颗粒的巨大吸附作用是蓑草显著提高土壤抗侵蚀能力的另一个重要原因。2003~2004年的监测结果表明，在12度坡度情况下，坡改梯后净作蓑草年径流量仅49.90立方公尺/hm^2，年土壤流失量为155.78kg/hm^2，而未坡改梯且农作情况下，年径流量314.29立方公尺／hm^2为前者的6.30倍，年土壤流失量3322.50Kg/hm^2为前者的21.33倍；在24度坡度情况下，坡改梯后土埂及边坡种植蓑草、坡面农作年径流量248.04立方公尺/hm^2，年土壤流失量612.00kg/hm^2，坡改梯后净作蓑草径流量42.44立方公尺/hm^2，土坡流失量l53.75kg/hm^2，而未坡改梯且农作情况下年径流量高达785.73立方公尺/hm^2，分别为处理1的3.17倍，处理2的18.52倍，年土壤流失量高达37503kg/hm^2，分别为处理1的61.33倍，处理2的244.12倍。

Methods test 1 256 samples from suspect uu or ct sufferers and infertile patients during 2007.results the positive rate of uu of 149 samples of prostate liquid is 42.3%(63/149), and the positive rate of ct of 136 samples of prostate liquid s is 19.9%(27/136);the positive rate of uu of 361samples of the secretion of the urinous tract is 21.1%(76/361),and the positive rate of ct of 346 samples of the secretion of the urinous tract is 10.4%(36/346);the positive rate of uu of 141 samples of semen is 11.3%(16/141),and the positive rate of ct of 123 samples of semen is 7.3%(9/123).conclusion there are significant differences in positive rate of uu and ct of 3 types of samples p.005.the positive rate of specimens of postate liquid is higher than that of the secretion of the urinous tract ,the positive rate of semen test is the lowest..the results from the uu and ct test of different types of specimens are different obviously .the most suitable specimen of test is prostate liquid.

对2007年1 256例怀疑感染uu或ct的患者和不孕不育症患者标本检测。结果：149例前列腺标本中uu阳性率为42.3%(63/149)、136例前列腺标本ct阳性率为19.9%(27/136)；361例尿道分泌物uu阳性率为21.1%(76/361)、346例尿道分泌物ct阳性率为10.4%(36/346)；141例精液uu阳性率为11.3%(16/141)、123例精液ct阳性率为7.3%(9/123)。结论：三种标本的uu、ct阳性率相差显著，p.005。前列腺标本检测的阳性率明显高于尿道分泌物标本，精液检测的阳性率最低。不同类型的标本检测的uu、ct的结果有很大的差异，送检的标本最好是前列腺液。

Smoking cigarettes adds to the Computer Desk Computer manufacturer computer mouse Computer Computerized collar knitter machine Conduit Bodies construction board Container Bag Control Arm Cooking Thermometer general levels of air pollution as well as damaging our health.

吸烟不仅对健康有害，而且增加空气污染程度。香烟雾含有多种有害物质：不仅有致癌化学物质、有某种能阻止氧气进入血液的气体，还有引起血压增高、心速加快的被称为尼古丁的物质。

He is one of my favorite actors.

他是我最喜欢的男演员之一。