查询词典 projection gradient method

The results showed that the photosynthetic rate of B.stamineus decreased with the increasing of the drought gradient,but the decrease amplitude was less.The photosynthetic rate of B.inermis decreased indistinctively with the increasing of the drought gradient in the prometaphase,decreased distinctively in the later stage.

结果表明：美国无芒雀麦的光合速率基本上随着干旱梯度的增加而逐渐下降，在不同胁迫天数间也逐渐下降，但下降幅度较小；本地无芒雀麦各干旱处理光合速率在胁迫前中期随胁迫梯度的增加下降不明显，到胁迫后期才表现出较为明显的下降趋势，但在各胁迫天数间差别不大，仅在胁迫第20 d各处理光合速率较之前有较为明显的降低。

Firstly, nonlinear diffusion filter was used to wipe of noise efficiently and kept the edge information of the image. Secondly, gradient calculation of pixel diagonal direction was considered in the calculation of neighborhood gradient amplitude which further repressed the impact of noise. Thirdly, using average interclass variance, the self-adaptively double thresholds for different images were calculated.

首先采用非线性扩散滤波减少了图像噪声，同时保持图像的边缘信息；在邻域梯度幅值计算中，考虑像素对角线方向的梯度，进一步抑制了噪声的影响；最后采用平均方差阈值法选取阈值，从而提高了对不同图像的自适应性。

Second, the theory of scale space was used to design a new operator for target detection and tracking. Then, the property of scale invariant was analyzed and proved, and a tracking scheme based on the gradient LOG operator was proposed. Experimental results show that the gradient LOG operator is appropriate to describe small target in complex background, and the detection precision is in the level of sub-pixel. Furthermore, it is efficient and robust to noise.

然后根据尺度空间的基本理论构造了一种针对该成像模型的目标检测算子，分析并证明了该算子具有尺度不变性的优点，设计并实现了基于梯度LOG算子的小目标跟踪方案，实验结果表明：梯度LOG算子能够较好地跟踪复杂背景中的光团目标，定位精度可达亚像素级，且具有计算量小，抭嗓声能力强等优点。

Second, the theory of scale space was used to design a new operator for target detection and tracking. Then, the property of scale invariant was analyzed and proved, and a tracking scheme based on the gradient LOG operator was proposed. Experimental results show that the gradient LOG operator is appropriate to describe small target in complex background, and the detection precision is in the level of sub-pixel.

然后根据尺度空间的基本理论构造了一种针对该成像模型的目标检测算子，分析并证明了该算子具有尺度不变性的优点，设计并实现了基于梯度LOG 算子的小目标跟踪方案，实验结果表明：梯度LOG 算子能够较好地跟踪复杂背景中的光团目标，定位精度可达亚像素级，且具有计算量小，抗噪声能力强等优点。

For the image with random field feature, the description language is probability distribution model, and the description length equals the negative base-two logarithm of the probability of the image data; For the region homogeneity properties of active contour, the description language is chosen as a sign gradient map, and the description length is the summation of sign gradient inside the active contour; For the active contour regularity, the description language is smoothness, and the corresponding description length is the length of active contour curve.

随机场图像的描述语言采用概率分布模型，描述长度是围道内外区域中图像数据概率的以2为底对数的负数；活动围道区域一致性的描述语言为有符号的梯度图，描述长度是围道内区域有符号梯度的总和；围道形态的描述语言采用平滑性，描述长度正比于围道的长度。

Bars are made of 100% Green gradient and the gradient 50 percent of the magenta.

色条是由100％的青渐变和50％的品红渐变所组成的。

The results of cloud image analysis show that the TBB is lower than 230K (-44℃) when the convection grows most prosperously and the area with the brightness temperature difference of lower than -4℃ corresponds to the place where is most affected by the strong thunderstorm. The center of low value with T≤-7℃ corresponds to the strong echo of radar. There is a good correspondence between the strong convective weather and maximum gradient of TBB, which distributes along the moving cloud cluster. The moving path of strong storm is similar to that of the maximum positive gradient of T.

FY-2C卫星云图定量分析结果表明这次飑线过程对流最旺盛期TBB低于230K(-44℃)；长波红外分裂窗双谱组合T≤-4的低值区与强风暴天气影响区域相对应，T≤-7低值中心与强雷达回波区相对应；强对流天气区域与分布在沿对流云团前进方向的TBB梯度最大区域有很好的对应关系，强风暴天气发生区的移动路径与T正梯度最大区域的移动路径相似。

Across the altitudinal gradient, a total of 12635 individuals belonging to 6 phyla, 15 classes and 33 orders were collected. With increasing altitude, the density of soil fauna decreased, but the group number was less affected. There was a higher co-occurrence of soil faunal communities along the altitudinal gradient, and Nematoda, Acarina, and Collembola were the dominant groups. Below the altitude 370 m, the Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou index, and Margalef abundance index increased with increasing altitude; while above the altitude 370 m, the Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index decreased but the abundance index increased after an initial slight decrease.

结果表明：土壤动物密度随海拔升高而下降，类群数受海拔影响较小，各海拔群落的共有度较高，优势类群基本均为线虫、蜱螨目和弹尾目；Shannon-Wiener指数、Pielou均匀度指数及Margalef丰富度指数仅在海拔370 m以下随海拔升高而增加，而在海拔370 m以上，Shannon-Wiener指数与Pielou均匀度指数下降，丰富度指数在略有下降后再次上升。

In order to solve problem, this paper proposes the natural gradient algorithms with nonholomic constraints. We derive it by incorporating a nonholonomic constraint into the natural gradient learning algorithm.

章提出了不完整约束的自然梯度算法，该算法是由不完整约束条件与自然梯度算法的结合而推导出来的。

In the last part of this dissertation, we discuss how to model an image is discussed and how to segment an image by EDEK.Zero-Cross principle is a classical concept in signal processing. We generalize the concept to be zero normal curvature after the geometry frame built. Furthermore, we present the explanation to choose the dual parameters in SPMVIF. And we research why the Laplacian gradient superior to edge gradient.

梯度方向二阶导数过零原理是信号处理中的经典结论，在运用微分几何的知识建立SPMVIF的几何框架的同时，将这个结论推广到零-法曲率的形式；另外我们对SPMVIF的双参数选取规则进行了讨论并给出它们的几何意义，并且对SPMVIF中法向矢量选取时拉普拉斯梯度优于边缘图像梯度的结论给予统计信息熵的解释。

A strange and mysterious deep sea creature.

一种奇异、神秘的深海生物。

It's a yellow rectangle .

这是黄色的长方形。