查询词典 problems

Although problems and limitations remain, management science has developed as an effective means for solving tedious but limited problems. Algorithms, or exact procedures for optimum solutions, have been developed for problems that are well defined or repetitious, and where a universal unidimensional cardinal scale utility, such as money, can reasonably be used as a measure of the desired outcome.

虽然一直存在着缺陷和问题，但是科学管理已经发展成为解决复杂问题的很好方法，种算法，或者是一种最优选择的方法，已经发展为解决问题的一种很好的界定或者反复的工作模式，是一种单一维度和协和效用尺度，例如金钱就可以经常用来衡量产出。

Based upon such an expected aim, this thesis, using the form of commentary history of literature, has rather deeply discussed in the 20th century China's realism literature initiating problems situations, its beginning motives and actual development orientation, the problem of multiplication and univalence as one of the inner forming elements, the relationship between literature types and social cognition, problems concerning realism literature and modern China's internal anxiety, by focusing on problems such as"from Liang Qichao to Hu Shi,""Young Mao Dun's Upholding in Literature","Around Modern ","Lu Xun and the New Paradigms in Chinese Literature","Lao She's Style and His Concept about China", and"Hu Feng and Modern China's Subjective Anxiety", etc.

基于此一预期目的，本论文采用史论形式，以问题为中心选择了"从梁启超到胡适"、"青年茅盾的文学主张"、"在《现代》周围"、"鲁迅与中国文学的新范式"、"老舍的文体和他的中国观"及"胡风与现代中国的主体焦虑"等专题，较为深入地探讨了现实主义文学在20世纪中国兴起的问题情境、它的初始动机和实际发展路向、作为其内在构成要素之一的多样性与单一化问题、文学型式与社会认知之间的关系、现实主义文学与现代中国的内在焦虑等问题。

However, numerical modeling for nonlinear seismic waves is faced with problems such as steep gradients, shocks and unphysical oscillations. Accordingly, some special treatments have been presented to solve these problems. However, in our knowledge, there is no effective method to overcome these problems by far.

非线性弹性波的数值模拟存在陡峭间断面、数值振荡以及误差的指数级增长等现象而破坏数值解的稳定性、收敛性，能否消减上述现象的不利影响成为制约数值方法有效与否的重要因素。

It is analysed to the development of the outdoor sport at present and the trend of the outdoor sport in the future,and it is presented by the situation of the sport club in china the person of taking part in the outdoor sport the contest of outdoor sport in china and other countries and the development at present and the trend in the future.in the second part .Problems and resons existed in the outdoor sport in china are analysed ,and the main problems of the weak secure guarantee,the unruled management and regulation.,the weak quality and the lack technic of the outdoor sport goods are summarized. The main reasons of existing those problems are the weaker popularization and spreading and the inadequate professional people in the second part second part which is a road of the whole pasage.

在第二章重点分析了我国户外运动当今的现状与未来的发展趋势，主要从我国户外俱乐部目前的状况、参与户外运动人员与国内户外赛事开展的情况，以及其发展趋势等方面进行论述，在本章第二节中又对我国户外运动现存的问题与原因进行了分析，总结出目前我国户外运动的主要问题有安全保障较差、国内俱乐部组织管理不规范、户外用品质量与高科技含量不高等，而出现这些问题的主要原因是由于普及与推广力度不够、缺乏专业的户外运动人才等方面造成的。

This thesis studies a widely used first order optimzation algorithm--Sequential Linear Programming method, SLP is modify so that it can solve structural and shape optimization problems more efficiently, including continuous and dsicrete variables problems. Finally the zeroth order optimization method is presented for two dimensional shape optimization problems.

本研究将从一般广为设计者所采用的一次最佳化方法--线性序列规划法的修正研究，以使其更稳定且更有效率地解决在一般结构与形态最佳化问题，包含有连续式及非连续式设计变数的最佳化问题演算过程，最后应用零次最佳化方法概念在二维形态最佳化设计上。

Many methods are used to solve nonlinear problems, their rate of convergence is quick, for example, Newton-moser method, King-werner method, they are attentioned widely because of the quick rate of convergence. While these methods are used to solve singular problems, the rate of convergence is slow, it is discommodious for us to solve practical problems.

有许多方法在求解非奇异问题时，它们的收敛率是很快的，有些甚至能达到二次收敛，例如Newton-Moser法、King-werner法，这是所熟知的，因其收敛速度快，并且简单易用而广受重(来源：AB17C论文dddd网www.abclunwen.com)视。

They had various kinds of physical and psychological problems, which were physical problems such as faucitis, digestive system disorder, centrum sickness, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular sickness and neurasthenic, and psychological problems such as anxiety, compulsion, dysphoria and off color, and sub-health Condition such as fatigue and insomnia.

各种相关身心问题较多，常见健康问题包括咽喉炎、肠胃类疾病、颈椎和腰椎类疾病、心脑血管疾病、神经衰弱等生理健康问题，以及焦虑、强迫、烦躁、精神不振等心理健康问题，同时还存在疲劳、失眠等亚健康问题。

After analyzing the cause of uncertainty in the process of oil-field development, the uncertainty problems in reservoir description, residual oil distribution, oil production prediction and plan of oil increscent measurement were taken as examples to show that uncertainty method is the key to solve those problems. Many uncertainty methods such as random modeling, fuzzy mathematics, mathematical statistics and optimization were introduced in the application of solving uncertainty problems in the oil-field development.

在分析油田开发不确定性问题来源的基础上，以油田开发过程中的油藏描述、剩余油分布、油田产量预测和增产措施宏观规划等典型不确定性问题为例，说明了解决这类问题的有效手段为采用不确定性方法，包括随机建模技术、模糊数学、数理统计和最优化等方法；并逐～介绍了这些方法在解决油田开发不确定性问题中的应用。

This thesis starts with analysis of the practical advantages of electronic business comparing with the traditional ones and the basic conditions of developing electronic business. It claims that taxation is a difficult point of electronic business, and points out fell main problems of taxation on the reference of methods of basic problems coped with electronic business by some international organizations and governments. On the base of this, it attempts to point out the basic clues of resolving the problems in commercial taxation of China today and our counter-measures and suggestions. And this can serve for the administration of taxation in China, promoting it to link with internation as soon as possible and become one of the strong countries, which is internationlization ineconomic information.

本文从分析电子商务与传统商务相比较的现实优越性及发展电子商务的基本条件入手，认为税收问题是电子商务的难点；并通过借鉴国际组织和各国政府对电子商务税收问题的基本处理作法，进一步提出电子商务中的几个主要税收问题；在此基础上，通过借鉴国际上对电子商务税收问题处理的基本经验和作法，试图提出解决现阶段我国电子商务税收问题的基本思路和应采取的对策与建议，以期使我国税收管理尽快与国际相接轨，迎头赶上国际经济信息化发展的新浪潮。

These environmental problems including the urban and rural problems, geological problems and roadblocks, physiognomy and lightningproof etc.

这些环境问题包括城乡之分、路障问题、地质问题、地貌问题和防雷问题等。

Methods: Five patients with parkinsonism or dystonia were assigned to general anesthesia using an modified endotracheal tube.

本实验依照人体实验之相关规定进行，五位患有帕金森氏症或肌张力异常的病人接受神经立体定位手术。

If you can benefit from this book, it is our honour.

如果您能从本书获益，这将是我们的荣幸。