查询词典 probability density function

Based on the theory of nonequilibrium statistics and density operator equation, the generalized master characteristic function for the nonextensive reaction-diffusion systems affected by pressure is derived by equation satisfied by calculating the time variation of probability distribution function, where the pressure of the nonextensive systems is given in the framework of Tsallis statistics.

依据非平衡统计及密度算子方程，通过计算概率分布函数的时间变化，得到了非广延反应扩散系统在压力作用时其特征函数满足的广义主方程，其中非广延反应扩散系统的压力在Tsallis统计的框架下给出。与唯象理论中的主方程比较，新得到的方程不仅依赖于非广延参量q而且有更多的非线性项，因此更具有普遍性。

This paper uses mixture density networks to forecast the time-varying conditional density values of financial time series, and puts forth a new numerical algorithm to calculate Expected Shortfall. The application in Hong Kong Hangseng index approves that Value-at-Risk at high probability levels is accurate, and that it also has good forecasting ability in fluctuation. MDNs can effectively describe the empirical distribution of returns and the volatility mechanism, and is a new model for measuring financial market risk.

基于混合密度网络模型估计金融时间序列的时变条件密度，提出采用数值模拟方法计算Expected Shortfall的新途径，对香港恒生指数的实证研究表明，VaR的预测精度在高端分位点较好，模型评估指标反映出预测效果良好，混合密度网络可以有效地描述收益的经验分布统计特征和波动规律，是一种有效的金融市场风险测量模型。

On this foundation, the followingfew problems are resolved. Firstly, we have a kinematic density formula for pairs of needles by using thekinematic density formula for pairs of oriented lines. The geometric probability thatthe random pairs of needles intersect at a point in convex body K is considered.

在此基础上，重点解决了以下几个问题：首先利用R~2上有向直线偶的运动不变密度公式，得到了针偶的运动不变密度公式，考虑了针偶与凸体K相交且针偶的交点属于K的这样一个几何概率问题。

In the sequential density evolution analysis, we obtain the calculation expression of information density evolution by analyzing the probability measure based on the log likelihood ratio measurement.

在连续密度进化中，使用基于对数似然比量度上的概率测度进行分析，获得了消息密度进化的计算表达式。

The approximation calculus formula of reliable on FCT was calculated by using abate probability being q Bernoulli test sequence, probability formula and property of increasing convex function.

应用概率理论推导出钻井油气层测试器系统的可靠度精确计算公式。

According to analyzing on the consistent degree of addition modulo 2∧n with XOR addition for commutative law, the computation formulas of the probability distribution of the noise function and the square sum of the probability values were presented, which is applied on the distinguishing attack on Py. The data complexity of our attack is about 2019∧（-1）times of the data complexity of the distinguishing attack on Py proposed by Sekar et al..

通过对模2∧n加与模2加相对于交换律的相容程度的分析，给出了模2n加与模2加相对于交换律所产生的噪声函数的概率分布及其取值平方和的计算公式，并利用此结果提出了一种对Estream候选算法Py的新的区分攻击方法，该方法所需的数据复杂性约为Sekar等提出的区分攻击所需数据复杂性的2019∧（-1）。

Firstly, the random scene of fire was assumed. And then according to the probability distributions of the random parameters of fire in the building, a large number of samples were obtained using mixed congruence method and inverse function method of Monte-Carlo. Finally, the performance of the samples was simulated using Ozone, and the failure probability of the structure in fire was analyzed.

该模型首先确定火灾随机场景，根据建筑物内火灾随机参数的概率分布，利用蒙特卡洛的混合同余法和反函数法产生火灾随机场景的抽样样本，然后利用OZone软件进行火灾下抽样样本的性能模拟，通过大量样本的模拟实现了结构在火灾下的失效概率分析。

In view of continuous function problems, it is first proved that the-ES algorithm based on uniform distribution converges in probability in a weaker condition by means of the central limit theorem. Then it is proved that the-ES algorithm which adopts the general continuous random variables as its variable operators converges in probability.

针对连续函数优化问题，利用中心极限定理，在较弱的条件下，首先证明了基于均匀分布的-ES算法依概率收效，然后给出了采用一般连续性随机变量作为变异算子的-ES算法依概率收效的证明。

In view of continuous function problems,it is first proved that the-ES algorithm based on uniform distribution converges in probability in a weaker condition by means of the central limit theorem.Then it is proved that the-ES algorithm which adopts the general continuous random variables as its variable operators converges in probability.

针对连续函数优化问题，利用中心极限定理，在较弱的条件下，首先证明了基于均匀分布的-ES算法依概率收敛，然后给出了采用一般连续性随机变量作为变异算子的-ES算法依概率收敛的证明。

The model adopts cumulant generating function to analyze path-level packet transmission probability from end-to-end measurements and estimate link-level packet transmission probability.

该模型基于端到端的测量方式，采用累积母函数对网络路径级数据包通过率进行分析，估计出网络链路级数据包通过率的统计信息。

Many will continue to choose to live in duality and in conflict.

许多人将继续选择活在二元对立性和冲突中。

I find that students of the University of Physical Education all wear sportswear at first sight.

我发现：体育大学的学生乍一看，都是穿运动衣，大家都一样