查询词典 presuppositions

And pragmatically, the adversative mood of " dao " is weaker than that of " que ", and the requirements of presuppositions of "p, dao q" are different from those of "p, que q" under certain conditions.

四〔曰 (2)平日，挤电车是一种苦刑；今天他却以为这是一种锻炼。以上两句，(1)句的"倒"可以换用"却"，(2)句的"却"也可以换用"倒"。

Aristotle held philosophy to be continuous with the sciences, investigating their presuppositions and methodological principles.

Aristotle 举行的哲学是连续的以科学，调查他们的预想和方法学原则。

Since Strauss challenges the contemporary frame of reference, to follow his interpretation of Weber we must, at least provisionally, be willing to step out of our frame of reference and our presuppositions about classical political philosophy.

因为施特劳斯挑战了当代参考标准的构架，为了追随其对韦伯的阐释，我们必须起码暂时跳出我们的参照框架以及我们对古典政治哲学的预设。

In all of these the essential theological presuppositions involve belief in a personal God and in the centrality of the incarnation.

在所有这些重要的神学预设涉及的信念，个人在上帝和中心地位的化身。

It has a normative content only insofar as the communicatively acting individuals must commit themselves to pragmatic presuppositions of a counterfactual sort.

它仅仅是在交往行动主体必须承担一个虚拟形式的用语学前提的时候，它才具有规范内容。

There are always so many presuppositions as to the cause of every event that, however the matter ends, there are always people who will say:"I said at the time that it would be so": quite oblivious of the fact that among the numerous suppositions they made there were others too suggesting just the opposite course of events. The notion that Napoleon was aware of the danger of extending his line, and that the Russians had a scheme for drawing the enemy into the heart of Russia, obviously belong to the same category; and only historians with a great bias can ascribe such reflections to Napoleon and his marshals, or such plans to the Russian generals.

谈到拿破仑已经感到战线拉长的危险，谈到俄国人方面有意诱敌深入俄国腹地，显然其假设都是属于这一类的推测；只有历史学家才能非常牵强附会地把那样的推测强加在拿破仑和他的将帅身上，把那样的计划强加在俄国军事将领身上。

In other words, the data rather than the dogmatic presuppositions of the interpreter control the operation.

或者换句话说，数据，而不是教条式的预设的口译员的控制操作。

The noun of locality relates to the reference of time and space and triggers the existential presuppositions or the factive presuppositions.

方位词与时空参考点有关，触发存在预设或事实预设。

"The justificatory presuppositions of a theory T," he explains,"are the necessary conditions of 'T is justified,' the semantic presuppositions of T are the necessary conditions of 'T is meaningful,' and the pragmatic presuppositions of T are the necessary conditions of 'T is asserted.'"

理论T的辩护性预设是'T被辩护'的必要性条件&，&T的语义性预设是'T是有意义的'的必要性条件&，&T的语用性预设是'T是被断定的'的必要性条件。

In addition to a theory being logically self-referentially inconsistent, a theory can be inconsistent by virtue of itself denying or implying the contrary of one of its justificatory, semantic, or pragmatic presuppositions. Performative inconsistency derives from the self-referential denial of semantic or pragmatic presuppositions--in other words, a performatively self-falsifying proposition denies a necessary condition if its being meaningfully affirmed.27 The affirmation of a self-stultifying proposition, by contrast, denies one of its justificatory presuppositions.

除了'一个理论能在逻辑上自指不一致'外，一个理论能依据'自己被拒绝'或'内含其辩护性/语义性/语用性预设的反对'而得到不一致；换句话说，如果其被有意义地肯定，则是一个performatively self-falsifying的命题拒绝了一个必要条件。27 （作为对比，对self-stultifying命题的肯定，拒绝了部分其辩护性预设。

I use an example quoted by Hu Jiaqi:"It is reported that America separates the DNA of a kind of virus by making use of genetic technology and combines it with another kind of DNA. Finally, they get a kind of virulent biological agent called a "pyrotoxin". Someone discloses in private that 20 grams of such a kind of biological agent could result in the global death of 6 billion people due to infection."

我在这里例举胡家奇所引用过的例子："据报道，美国利用转基因技术，将一种病毒的DNA分离出来，与另外一种DNA进行结合，拼结成一种剧毒的"热毒素"生物战剂，且私下有人透露，这种生物战剂只需20克，就可以导致全球60亿人全部感染死亡。"

Waiting, for the queers and the coons and the Reds and the Jews.

等待着疯子和黑人还有红色共产主义者还有犹太人