查询词典 phylogenetic development

According to the analysis of the variation expectation value, species differentiation time in the CH4 sub-region phylogenetic tree, we found that Chinese sturgeon and the theoretical common ancestor of the other five sturgeon form the first bifurcation of the tree, while, among the five left, Amur sturgeon and Huso sturgeon, Russian sturgeon and Siberian sturgeon, Siberian sturgeon, Sterlte itself form another three bifurcations respectively.

通过对CH4区序列氨基酸变异期望值，物种分化时间及物种间系统进化树等参数的分析，将克隆的5种鲟鱼IgH恒定区序列与已发表的西伯利亚鲟同源序列比对后发现：西伯利亚鲟与俄罗斯鲟、施氏鲟与欧鳇、小体鲟各构成一个分支，并与中华鲟相对。

Japonica. Brief speculation on the evolutionary trend of the seed-coat micromorphological features of the genus Kadsura is discussed.Cladistic principles and methods have been employed in this study. The morphological characters have been polarized for phylogenetic analysis. Cladograms have been gotten with the related genus Illicium as the outgroup. As a result, a new system of the genus Kadsura has been reconstructed.

整理有关南五味子属植物研究的资料，补充搜集整理近期发表的资料和作者研究所得的数据，采用分支系统学的原理及方法，对本属植物的形态性状进行分析，确定性状极性，以种为基本进化单元，选择近缘且原始的八角属Illicium作为外类群，采用PAUP软件，对本研究得出的性状数据作系统分析，重建南五味子属的系统发育。

Our molecular phylogenetic trees constructed by UPMGA and NJ methods were in general consistent with that based on biochemical,immunogenetic and cellular genetic markers except for differences in some populations.It was inferred from this study that all pig populations examined could be temporary classified into one breed,however,the population genetic character of Taihe Guanchao and Wanan Spotted pig populations should be further evaluated.

各类群的UPMGA和NJ聚类分析结果与采用生化、免疫和细胞遗传标记分析的结论不尽相同，在此基础上，结合现行分类方法，认为各受试猪群可暂时归并为赣中南花猪类型，但对泰和冠朝猪和万安花猪的品种归属性应作进一步分析。

, and between L vexillifer and Neophocaena phocaenoides is 15. 03%(49/326bp). Two phylogenetic trees, constructed by using sequence data, suggest that Lipotes vexillifer does not share a direct common ancestor with Inia geoffrensis, thus provide molecular evidence in favor of the establishment of family Lipotidae, extant river dolphins might be a group of species with

系统发育分析结果表明：白暨豚与亚河豚没有直接共同的祖先，从而为白暨豚科的建立提供了有利的分子证据；现存的淡水豚类可能仅是外形上相似的物种群，Muizon（1984，1988a，1988b，1990）关于各类淡水豚分属于不同的总科的建议，从分子进化的角度看是完全可能的：抹香鲸类可能是最早从古鲸类中分化出来的类群。

Vexillifer and Neophocaena phocaenoides is 15.03%(49/326bp). Two phylogenetic trees, constructed by using sequence data, suggest that Lipotes vexillifer does not share a direct common ancestor with Inia geoffrensis, thus provide molecular evidence in favor of the establishment of family Lipotidae; extant river dolphins might be a group ofes with

系统发育分析结果表明：白暨豚与亚河豚没有直接共同的祖先，从而为白暨豚科的建立提供了有利的分子证据；现存的淡水豚类可能仅是外形上相似的物种群，Muizon1984；1988a

This ecological transition is concordant with the independent phylogenetic analysis and the information from preserved integumentary structures

这一古生态转化与来自独立的系统发育学分析和软体组织的信息是一致的。

Using Parantica aglea and Euploea core as the outgroups, the phylogenetic trees of the Nymphalidae taxa in this study were reconstructed with and Bayesian methods based on 16S rDNA, 12S rDNA and their combined sequences. The results showed that the Nymphalinae was not monophyletic; the Junonia should be classified into Hypolimni; the Apaturinae, Byblinae and Nymphalinae were closely related to each other; the Pseudergolinae and Byblinae should be separated from Limenitinae.

分子系统树显示：蛱蝶亚科并非单系群，蛱蝶族中眼蛱蝶属应移入斑蛱蝶族；豹蛱蝶亚科为单系发生；闪蛱蝶和苾蛱蝶亚科与蛱蝶亚科具有较近的系统关系；支持将秀蛱蝶和苾蛱蝶亚科从线蛱蝶亚科中分离出来。

Based on comparison of the chloroplast genomes, the estimated time of divergence between the two populations is consistent with the emergence time of the Kra Isthmus. However, ancient and recent gene flow obscures the phylogenetic relationships between eastern and western haplotypes.

经由单套型在亲缘分析结果显示，在地峡东、西两岸的细蕊红树族群无法呈现良好的解析力，显示古地质事件造成的族群扩张和近代海流造成的长距离基因交流导致此结果。

Through PCR and sequencing, a fragement sequence with lamin gene feature was obtained. It was of of transcriptional activity. In addition, we also cloned and identified giardial DNA topoisomerase gene.Our phylogenetic analysis showed that although Giardia diverged early but not first, thus, it is not as primitive as thought before.

然后进行了核纤层蛋白基因的扩增和鉴定，获得了一个具有明显核纤层蛋白基因特征的基因序列片段，并证明它是表达的且不具内含子；此外还克隆鉴定了作为核骨架重要成分的DNA拓扑异构酶II的基因；在此基础上结合已报导的不同进化地位生物上的数据进行了分子系统学分析，结果显示贾第虫虽然分支较早，但不象过去所认为的那么原始。

The distribution of triterpenoidal saponins in the plants of Ladizabalaceae suggests the phylogenetic relation between Lardizabalaceae and Ranunculoideae of Ranunculaceae.

齐墩果烷型三萜皂甙不仅提示木通科与毛茛科的毛茛亚科的系统联系，而且甙元骨架的氧化水平与科内各属的系统进化也有一定的相关性。

We are forbidden from giving money to these shoeless, skinny children, as this will perpetuate begging.

向光着脚，骨瘦如柴的孩子施舍是不可以的，因为要招来无休无止的乞讨。

It would be hard not to fall victim to some sharpeyed policeman.

要想不被某个目光锐利的警察抓到，谈何容易。