查询词典 paradigm

The nativism paradigm is put forward by some scholars who criticize themodernization paradigm.

本土化范式是一些学者在反思和批判现代化范式及其理论的过程中逐步提出来的。

This dissertation puts forward the necessity of paradigm combination based "the prediction standard" in paradigm theory.

以范式理论的预见性标准为依据之一，提出公共行政学的范式整合问题。

Simple paradigm is a primary research paradigm in current school management, which is characterized by university, reduction and separation.

当前学校管理研究采用的主要范式是简单范式，它具有普遍性、还原性和分离性的特点。

;Comparative;statics;is;that;mathematical;technique;by;which;an;economic;model;is;investigated;to;determine;if;refutable;hypotheses;are;forthcoming.;By;the;process;the;theories;in;economics;is;logically;simulated;for;the;testing;of;the;theories.;All;of;which;construct;the;paradigm;of;economics.;With;this;paradigm,;it;makes;out;by;the;comparative;statics;of;Shaanxi;province;developing;strategy—one;line,;two;zones—that;the;necessary;testing;condition;of;the;strategy's;theory;holding;is;that;the;government;investments;have;to;make;the;central;zones;increase;faster;than;the;other;areas;do.;Otherwise,;it;will;not;be;a;good;strategy.;Say,;if;the;north;of;Shaanxi;increase;faster;than;central;zones;do,;then;it;can;verify;the;strategy;is;not;a;good;one.

学研究的范式——比较静态分析，是一种技术，通过这一技术，理论可以被考察研究，以确定理论的可驳斥假说，它是对进行的一种符合的仿真。具体讲，比较静态分析是通过逻辑运算，模拟理论的可驳斥命题即检验条件是什么，从而为理论的验证提供方法。用经济学的研究范式对陕西省"一线两带"的比较静态分析显示，此战略成立的必要条件之一是：随着战略的实施即政府对极化地区的投入，其产出增加应该比其它地区产出增加大，否则这一战略就不成立。也就是说，如果陕北或陕南经济发展更快，集中投资于西安等中心城市，并不是更好的战略。

This essay has three difficulties: First, difficulty of conception foundation: how to grasp conception foundation, historical background and theory origin of positive economic paradigm and normative economic paradigm from a historical and philosophical perspective? Second, difficulty of formalization system: the viewpoints of positive economists and normative economists are very jumble, this paper tries to clear up the formers' theories, sums up and synthesizes various standpoints, and make it form systematism and standardization. Third, difficulty of combination in visual angle: combining economics and philosophy, resurvey some philosophy problems in economic research from the perspective of ontology, epistemology and methodology, thereby discover new problems, and make rigor argumentation toward it.

本文的难点：1、概念基础难点：如何从一种历史的、哲学的角度准确把握实证经济范式与规范经济范式的概念基础和变更的历史背景、理论渊源。2、形式化体系难点：实证经济学家与规范经济学家的观点非常混杂，本文试图理清前人的思路，总结和综合纷繁不一的观点，并使其体系化、规范化。3、视角结合点难点：将经济学与哲学有机地结合起来，从本体论、认识论、方法论的角度重新看待经济学研究中的一些哲学问题，从而发现新问题，并对其进行严密论证。

This is embodied by the following five transformations:i,from method-centrism to problem-centrism,i.e.to advocate that it is the problem researched thatdetermines research methods rather than vise versa:ii,"fromscientific objectivism"to"daoistic objectivism",i.e.to emphasize the daoistic conveniency;iii,from reductionismto holistic dynamism,i.e.to see a person and his mind and behavior as a coherent totalityrather than the sum of his functioning parts;iv,from the"thing"paradigm to"human"paradigm,i.e.to emphasize to bring those unique characteristics that makes a person as aperson back into psychological researches,which have been lost by mechanomorphicpsychology;v,from"single science"to"integrated science",i.e.to emphasize integratedthinking based on multiple levels to replace the traditional dichotomous thinking,and thusmake"humanistic science"to enclose"mechanomorphic science"in multi-levelintegration.

它具体体现在以下五大转变：（1）从方法中心论到问题中心论。主张问题决定方法，方法必须适合于问题。即，心理学应以&人&为出发点构建方法论，而不应不顾自身特性生搬硬套自然科学的方法论。（2）从&科学的客观&到&道家的客观&。

A paradigm is a generally held way of looking at and interpreting the world; it consists of a set of often unspoken and unargued assumptions -- for example, before Nicolas Copernicus (1473-1543) the paradigm saw Earth as the centre of the Universe.

范式就是观察和解释世界的方式；包括一个不可言说不可争论的前提，比如在哥白尼之前人们认为地球是宇宙的中心，这就是一个范式。

However, by comparative analysis, we can see that Wu broke through the range of applications of the "anti-Whig" view of history in the Western framework, and extended the scientific paradigm from "continuity in time" to include the regional traditional "independence in space". His theory of mathematical mechanization may also present a methodology for breaking through Kuhn's paradigm incommensurability.

但通过比较分析可发现，吴文俊突破西方框架内的反辉格史观的应用使得科学范式的&时间相继&扩展到地域传统的&空间独立&，他的数学机械化理论也为库恩的范式不可通约性找到了方法论上突破的可能。

But the development of monopoly capitalism together with other factors gave rise to market failure which is the economic factor that gave birth to the analytical paradigm of the Economics of Law. Since 20 century, dirigisme and public policies aiming at balancing efficiency and fairness have been on the rise, which provides the political condition for the paradigm of Economics of Law.

但是随着垄断资本的发展，结合其他因素，导致自由市场失灵，市场失灵是催生法经济学分析范式的经济因素。20世纪后，国家干预经济以及兼顾效率与公平的公共政策不断增多，为法经济学分析范式产生提供了政治条件。

Therefore, I try to discuss the cultural turn in comparative education and the general development situation of the "cultural studies"paradigm, in hope of promoting the development of the"cultural studies" paradigm in the field of comparative education.

因此，笔者试图对比较教育的文化转向，以及在这种文化转向之下，比较教育领域&文化研究&范式的发展状况作以论述，以期推动&文化研究&范式在比较教育领域中的发展。

Cynanchum Lingtai apricot production in the average weight 65 grams, the brightly-colored fruit, juicy rich, sweet-sour taste, sweet from the nucleolus, when the late Qing Dynasty famous Shaanxi, Gansu provinces, the Qing imperial court Tongzhi tribute for years.

灵台生产的牛心杏平均单果重65克，果实色泽鲜艳，汁多味浓，甜酸适口，离核仁甜，清末时就驰名陕、甘两省，清同治年间曾为朝廷贡品。

Chenopodium album,Solanum nigrum, and Amaranthus retroflexus were very susceptible to the herbicides. Polygonum persicaria and Abutilon theophrasti were relatively less susceptible to the herbicides, and Lycopersicon esculentum was not susceptible to it. The relationship between reduction rates of weed biomass and PPM values of weed leaves 2,4, and 6 days after treatment was established.

供试的6种杂草对该混剂的敏感性存在显著差异：红心藜Chenopodium album、龙葵Solanum nigrum和反枝苋Amaranthus retroflexus对该混剂最敏感，ED90值分别为47.65、71.67和29.17g/hm2；春蓼Polygonum persicaria和苘麻Abutilon theophrasti敏感，ED90值分别为96.91、114.20g/hm2；而番茄不敏感。