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The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

This paper presents and discusses some generating principles and methods of the test graph on the system level fault diagnosis about random test graph,limit t fault diagnosable test graph, t fault diagnosable test graph and so on.

提出并研究了系统级故障诊断测试图中任意测试图、受限t可诊断系统测试图和t可诊断系统测试图的生成原理及方法，还给出了一个典型测试图的生成实例。

On the basis, further isolated-living condition and moderate unpredictable stress are applied successively to set up PSD rat model . The neurological functional recovery of stroke rat is assessed by Longa 5 grades and horizontal bar test.Sucrose solution consumption test, open-field test and passive avoid test are used to estimate the change of interest, the level of spontaneous motor activities and investigative behavior of PSD rat model.Fluorophotometry is applied to detect the monoamine neurotransmitters(NE,5-HT and DA) of the double frontal-parietal cortexes and brain stem. Investigating the action of YuLeShu on the neurological functional recovery of stroke rat.

运用Longa5法和水平木棒法评定卒中大鼠神经功能恢复；运用糖水实验、敞箱实验、被动躲避实验评定PSD大鼠的兴趣感变化和自发活动、探究行为等抑郁行为学改变；采用荧光分光度法测定双侧额顶皮层及脑干的单胺递质：去甲肾上腺素(Norepinephrine，NE)、5-羟色胺(5-Hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)、多巴胺(Dopamine，DA)含量。

This essay introduced the method and the empirical results of run test, Dickey-Fuller test and variance ratio test on the efficient market hypothesis. Furthermore, reviewed the volatility test method and empirical result on the EMH which relative to the tests based on stock market return.

摘 要：介绍了市场有效性假定的游程检验，DF检验以及方差比检验的方法和相关实证研究的结果，与以上基于股票市场收益的市场有效性检验相对应，对市场有效性假定的波动性检验方法以及实证结果进行了述评。

Methods 1. The mice were divided into control and 3 Ganodermalucidum spores oil groups (at low, moderate and high doses), orally given forconsecutive 30 days. The body, spleen, thymus weight were observed, study on theeffect of the drug on the cellular immune function by proliferation and transformationof spleen lymphocytes test; study on the effect of the drug on the humoral immunefunction of mice by serum erythrocytolysin test; study on the effect of the drug on themononuclear macrophage function by carbon clearance and neutral red test.

实验方法 1设玉米油对照组和低、中、高三个灵芝孢子油剂量组，连续灌胃30天后观察小鼠体重、胸腺、脾脏重量指数；采用吞噬中性红和碳廓清实验测定对小鼠单核-巨噬细胞功能的影响；血清溶血素实验测定对小鼠体液免疫功能的影响；ConA诱导脾淋巴细胞转化实验测定对小鼠细胞免疫功能的影响；MTT法测定对小鼠NK细胞杀伤活性、脾细胞产生TNF-α和IL-2含量的影响。

METHOD: The following tests were made:①test with of hemopoietic inhibition induced by cyclophosphamide on mice,②Carban particles clearance test,③Erythrolysin formetien test,④Swimming test,⑤Hypoxia test,⑥Sedation test,⑦Hypnosis test.

①由环磷酸胺引起的小鼠造血系统抑制模型；②小鼠碳粒廓清试验；③小鼠溶血素形成试验；④小鼠游泳试验；⑤小鼠耐缺氧试验；⑥小鼠旷野活动试验；⑦由戊巴比妥钠引起的小鼠催眠模型。

The article adopts "humidity ratio" integrated emendation method and other two traditional emendation methods in emendation calculating on several group test results. The tests are : simulating test in artificial climate room on 110kV substation equipment of Yangbajing, Lasa and Yanghu by Xi"an High Voltage Lab; power frequency voltage discharge test of ZS-110 by Yunnan provincial electrical research academy. It compares and analyses the equipment test voltage emendated to standard atmosphere conditions with the equipment nominal withstanding voltage. And then it concluded that: the emendation value educed by "humidity ratio" integrated emendation method is basically equal or close to the equipment nominal withstanding voltage; but the values by two traditional emendation methods are mostly higher.It also proves that,"humidity ratio integrated emendation method is more perfect than any other methods, and it can reflect the influence degree of atmospheric parameters on electrical equipment outer insulation discharge voltage actually. The method should be spread in designing high elevation power projects.

文中选择&比湿&综合校正法和两种传统校正法，分别对西高所为羊八井、拉萨、羊湖110kV变电所设备所做的人工气候室模拟试验数据及云南中试所做的ZS-110工频放电电压试验数据进行校正计算，将试验电压的校正值与试验设备的标称耐受电压水平进行比较分析；认为：&比湿&综合校正法的校正值与设备耐受电压水平基本相等或接近，而两传统校正法的校正值大多高于设备耐受电压水平；进一步证明，&比湿&综合校正法是目前诸多校正法中较为完善的，能真实地反映大气参数对电气设备外绝缘放电电压的影响程度的校正法，在高海拔电力工程设计中应推广应用。

Signalmen who have worked for more than one year and 70 new telegraph operators are subjected to Pattern Number Coding Ability Test, Ravens Progress Matrices, Memory Span Test, Distribution of Attention Test, Knocking Board Test, Choice Reaction Time Test, Action Speed Test, Action Stability Test, 16PF Test, Cornell Medical Index, SAS and SDS. hi the meanwhile their supervisors appraise the performance levels based on five grades from 5,4,3,2 and I .

研究对象为某军区工作1年以上的通信专业技术人员469名，另有作为预测效度检验的报训队新兵70名，分别接受图形数字编码能力测验、瑞文标准推理测验、记忆广度测验、注意分配测验、敲击板测验、选择反应时测验、动作速度测验、动作稳定性测验、卡特尔16PF测验、康奈尔测验、抑郁自评量表测验、焦虑自评量表测验；同时进行专业水平评价。

Dongguan Jian Qiao Equipment Co., Ltd was established for many years, located in Guangdong Province Tangxia Tangxia Town, Dongguan City Industrial Zone on the 30th the first company has been engaged in the electronic testing equipment, environmental test equipment sales services and the development of automatic test system, the main product has : testing machine, furniture testing machine, swing machine, optical quality control testing instruments, wire tester, wear-resistant machine, constant temperature and humidity machine, optical image measuring instrument, wire testing machine, office chair repeated impact test machine, a desk drawer repeated testing machine, office chair backrest repeated testing machine, office chairs rotary life testing machine, officelife test machine, plug line hoist swing test, MIT-style folding strength testing machine, tensile testing machine, micro-computers, paper tube compression testing machine, aging test machine, testing machine decolorization extent, resistant to rubbing tester, testing machine embrittlement, sudden pull test machine, testing machine, such as bonding strength.

东莞市剑乔仪器设备有限公司创建多年，位于广东省东莞市塘厦镇塘厦第一工业区30号公司一直从事电子测试仪器、环境试验设备的销售服务和自动测试系统的开发，主要产品有：试验机，家具试验机，摇摆试验机，光学品管检测仪器，线材测试仪，耐磨机，恒温恒湿机，光学影像测量仪，线材试验机，办公椅反复冲击试验机，办公桌抽屉反复试验机，办公椅反复靠背试验机，，办公椅旋转寿命试验机，办公椅脚寿命试验机，插头线吊重摆动试验，MIT式耐折强度试验机，微电脑拉力试验机，纸管抗压试验机，老化试验机，脱色程度试验机，耐揉试验机，脆化试验机，突拉试验机，胶合强度试验机等。

The system based on the asp, carried on the investigation to the school or unit's test process and the management of the test question., with the actually system analysis, developing conveniently, safer, more succinct test system, satisfied most of the on-line tests, thus substituted for the old style written examination test.

该系统基于asp架构，对学校和单位的考试过程，试题管理进行调查，结合实际系统分析，开发出更方便，更安全，更简洁的考试系统，以满足大部分的在线考试，从而取代老式的笔试考试。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。