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A force loading of 1.47 N was applied mesiodistally on the implant and the heights of loading positions were 4 mm, 7 mm and 10 mm to the cervix of the implant, respectively.

结果：三种载荷点高度下种植体颈部的VonMises应力值分别为0.3400，0.5330和0.7310 MPa；位移值分别为0.117，0.163和0.210 μm。

The oil was further explored for biodiesel production by lipase-catalyzed methanolysis. Two processes were studied, namely, three-step methanol loading in solvent-free system and all-in-one methanol loading in tert-butanol system.

进一步利用该酵母油脂为原料分别研究了无溶剂体系中三步甲醇法及在叔丁醇介质体系中脂肪酶催化合成生物柴油，发现脂肪酶可以有效转化该酵母油脂制备生物柴油。

It is proved by calculation that the model can describe well the performance of concrete under uniaxial and multiaxial monotonic loading and fatigue loading.

计算结果表明，该模型能较好地描述混凝土在单轴及多轴单调加载和疲劳加载下的性质。

4On the condition of unilateral holding load and enough high load levels, the activation pattern of the two lumbar muscles existed contralateral enhanced effect;(5)The back weigh loading had symmetrical effect for lumbar multifidus and erector spinae.(6)The left and right hand weight loading had the same effect in activation level; The lumbar muscles activation of went upstairs were higher than the plain and downstairs

在行走过程中，随着负荷等级的增加，竖脊肌收缩力增大，其AEMG值也相应增大；左手提与右手提对腰部两观察肌肉的激活程度具有同等效果；上楼时腰部竖脊肌、多裂肌的激活强度显著大于平地和下楼时的激活强度，而平地与下楼之间不存在差异。

In order to describe the fatigue damage characteristic under multiaxial proportional and nonproportional loading, a new nonlinear multiaxial fatigue damage cumulative model was presented on the basis of combining multiaxial fatigue damage characteristic. The recurrence formula of multiaxial fatigue damage model was derived under multilevel loading.

为了描述多轴比例与非比例加载下的疲劳损伤特性，结合多轴疲劳损伤的特点，建立了一种新的非线性多轴疲劳损伤累积模型，并推导给出了该疲劳损伤累积模型在多级加载条件下的递推公式。

Third, the stress-strain and damage parameters on multiaxial fatigue damage critical planes were analyzed. A new multiaxial fatigue damage parameter was presented. This parameter can not only describe multiaxial proportional and nonproportional loading, but also uniaxial loading.

第三，对多轴疲劳损伤临界面上的应力应变及损伤参量进行了分析，在此基础上提出了一种新的多轴疲劳损伤控制参量，该参量不仅能够描述多轴比例与非比例加载下的疲劳损伤，而且可以退化成单轴的形式。

Analysis of microstructure fracture surface showed that fracture surface was similar to uniaxial fracture surface under multiaxial proportional loading, and the mixed fracture surfaces were found under multiaxial nonproportional loading.

微观断口分析表明，多轴比例加载下的断口形貌与单轴疲劳情况相似；非比例加载下，则以混合断口特征出现。

It was assumed that two surfaces existed for any loading history: dynamic loading surface and reference yield surface, both of them are nonsymmetrical ellipses with inclination defined by an α-line.

模型借鉴过应力理论的基本思想，定义了与动态加载面相对应的参考屈服面，应用径向映射准则将两者联系起来，流动函数通过分析一维情况下土体的体积蠕变速率得到。

The conventional SHPB technique is improved by using a pulse shaper. Pulse shapers technique is used to modify the incident wave and decrease the effect of wave dispersion to ensure stress equilibrium and homogeneous deformation in specimen, and furthermore a constant strain rate is attained during the loading history. The lasting time of acceleration pulse is enhanced to numerable MSEL, which is more close to actual loading.

本文改进了传统的霍普金森压杆技术，采用波形整形技术，改变加载波形，获得了比较光滑的入射波，降低了波的弥散效应，保证实验时火工品试样中的应力平衡和均匀变形，得到了更接近常应变率的动态加载条件，使加速度脉冲持续时间t提高数倍，更加真实的反映了火工品实际加载环境。

The dynamic simulation test showed that, the removal rate of TN、 NH_3-N、TP of Oenanthe javanica floating-bed was positive correlated with water temperature. The average removal loading rate of TN and TP were 0.80g/m.~2·d and 0.11g/m~2·d, respectively. The inhibition on algae was steady and the average inhibition rate was 57.3%. We also got the best value of hydraulic loading rate, floating-bed coverage rate, water depth under dynamic polluted river. They were 1.0m~3/(m~2·d)、 30%、 30cm.

动态模拟试验表明：水芹菜浮床对动态污染河水中TN、NH_3-N、TP的去除率与水温正相关，TN的平均去除负荷为0.80g/m~2·d，TP的平均去除负荷为0.11g/m2~2·d，对藻类的抑制作用较为稳定，平均抑制率为57.3%；获得了对动态污染河水最佳净化效果时的水力负荷参数为1.0m~3/(m~2·d)、浮床覆盖率为30%、水深为30cm。

Pachomius manual labour was organized as an essential part of the monastic life; and since it is a principle of the monks as distinguished from the mendicants, that the body shall be self-supporting, external work of one sort or another has been an inevitable part of the life ever since.

根据圣pachomius体力劳动组织作为一个重要组成部分寺院生活；以来，这是一个原则的和尚，作为有别于乞丐，该机构应自支撑，对外工作的这种或那种已一个必然的一部分，生活至今。

In order to study the effects of parametrical rolling on the ship movement and tilts, in allusion to ship's navigating in regular following waves, the equation of ship rolling motion is transformed into normal Mathieu equation by proper variable replacement when strong parametrical excitation in restoring moment varied according to sine or cosine wave.

为研究参数横摇对船舶运动和倾覆的影响，通过对船在规则波上随浪航行时，恢复力矩中出现的1个以正余弦规律变化的强参数激励项进行适当的变量置换，将船舶的横摇运动方程转换成标准形式的Mathieu方程。