查询词典 likin

On the one hand,the paper analyzes the surporting effect of Likin on the finance of Guangxi from two sides,including the income and the payout of local finance.

第四部分主要梳理了1904年广西"裁厘改统"的历史过程，并指出其改办成功后依然存在的问题。

The establishment of the likin system was the measure that the Qing Dynasty had to be made. But it evolved as the phenomenon that the toll-gates were set up at no places and no goods wasnt levied the tax. Its harm was so deep that it was thought of as one of the disasters in modern times.

厘金制度的设立，是"不得忆"而为之的无奈之举，然而却演变成几乎无地不设卡，无物不抽厘，其危害之烈竟成为近代公认的祸患之一，这是任何人也没有想到的。

Then the author tried to explain what kind of results "Likin" and half-tariff in inland ports produced on the export and import of China when the real costumes tariff got down less than 5%. At the same time the price effects on trade got cleared.

后一时期重在说明"厘金"和子口税在实际海关税率进一步下降的条件下，对中国进出口贸易发展产生的不同作用，并简要说明中国殖民地型贸易商品价格对进出口的影响。

In the period of Late Ch'ing, however, Likin, a kind of commercial tax which had begun to be levied to alleviate financial crisis, completely escaped from its normal steps later. In one side it satisfied the financial need of the government in some extent and became an important resource of state finance. In another side it held up the industrial and commercial development of modern China badly and turned to be a negative example of tax.

但是，晚清时期，为缓解政府严重财政危机而仓促开创的厘金税却完全脱离了正常的发展轨道：一方面它一定程度上支持了清政府的财政需要，成为国家财政的重要支柱之一；另一方面却严重阻碍了中国近代工商业的发展，成为病商扰民的恶税。

Modernization was based on substantive financial earnings and this meant that China must increase venture. But under Chinas specific circumstance, the government had to aggravate the likin collection; then its flooding also badly hindered the currency of merchandise and went against developing the modernization.

现代化是建立在巨额的财政收入基础上的，这就意味着政府必须扩大税收，但在近代中国特定的时空环境下，只有加重厘金的征收；而厘金的冗滥又严重阻碍了商品的流通，不利于现代化的开展。

That is, the existence and abolition of the likin system was a difficult choice under China"s specific circumstance that it was modem China"s dependent sovereignty (especially sovereignty on custom), insufficient finance, domestic trouble and foreign invasion, the strong pressure with modernization and local vested interest groups strong oppositions.

可以说，在近代中国主权不独立、财政支绌、内忧外患、面对现代化的强大压力和地方既得利益集团的极力阻挠的特定的时空环境下，厘金制度的存废，是近代中国历届政权的二难选择。

Where there is a Likin Council, acting agencies in Ho Street following a small temple outside the city, often face a long streamers hanging from the letter.

地方还有个厘金局，办事机关在城外河街下面小庙里，经常挂着一面长长的幡信。

In the year of 1853, Lei Yixian with responsibility for military affairs ,who was anxious to the military expenditure began to collect Likin tax in the area of Li'Xia River in the JiangSu Province.

道光、咸丰之际，清政府因穷于应付内外社会危机，陷入财政窘况的境地。1853年，急于筹饷的帮办军务雷以諴在江苏里下河一带始办捐厘助饷。

Even the abolition of likin was reasonably thought to be the precondition of the going into effect of the Chinese National Tariff Law, we should not in any way regard it as a complete failure.

笔者认为，对中国代表的奋争及其结果&关税自主案&的评价，不应当以它与后来的国民政府&改订新约运动&的&成绩&相比少获得了什么，而要看它与前此各届政府为恢复关税自主权所做的努力及结果相比多获得了什么。

Objective To investigate the effects of interleukin-1 β converting enzyme gene on the biologic characteristics of ovarian cancer cells.

目的 探讨白细胞介素-1 β转换酶的表达，对卵巢癌细胞生物学特性的影响。

Campylobacter: This illness is the most commonly identified cause of diarrheal illness in the world.

弯曲：这种病是最常见的原因查明腹泻病，在世界上。