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Reflective learning is a new type learning method, which improves students' learning abilities by introspecting their learning activity course. It aims to promote students to learn how to study, and further students' development.

反思性学习指通过对学习活动过程的反思来学习以提高学生学习能力的新型学习方式，它以促进学生学会学习为目的，并能促进学生的发展。

Most of the researches in the area before are focusing on design of certain learning systems, whereas Internet-based distance learning was reinvestigated in this paper, it was investigated as a learning environment, and how can it affect learning was been analyzed.

论文首先对Internet远程学习进行了重新研究，因为以往的研究路线较拘泥于具体的学习系统，而没有分析和探讨Internet作为一种学习环境，究竟给学习带来了怎样的变化。

The first-rate learning is self-motivated. The second-rate learning comes of the encouragement of friends. The third-rate learning waits for the right teacher. The fourth-rate learning rejects all schooling.

一等的学习：自己教育自己二等的学习：朋友互相砥砺三等的学习：等着老师教导劣等的学习：拒绝所有言教。

The main characteristics of problem-based learning are:(1) Learning is student-centered(2) Learning occurs in small student groups(3) Teachers are facilitators or guiders(4) Problems form the organizing focus and stimulus for learning(5) Problems are authentic and ill-structured(6) Problems are a vehicle for the development of real-world problem-solving skills(7) New information is acquired and skills are trained through problem-solving process(8) Evaluation is authentic and performance-based.

同任何一种教学模式一样，基于问题的学习有着独一无二的优点，但本身也存在一定的不足。受中国传统文化的影响，中国的学生大多胆子太小，缺乏主见和创见，解诀问题的能力相对较差，学生的这些学习特点，从一定程度上阻碍了基于问题学习的具体实施。基于此分析，本文提出了一些适当的解决措施。

For Tomasello, human social learning—the kind of learning that distinguishes humans from other primates and that played a decisive role in human evolution—is based on two elements: first, what he calls "imitative learning,"(as opposed to "emulative learning" characteristic of other primates) and second, the fact that humans represent their experiences symbolically (rather than iconically, as is characteristic of other primates).

对托马塞洛来说，人类的社会习得（这种学习能力使人类有别于其他灵长类并在进化中扮演了决定性的因素）基于两个原理：第一是模仿学习（相对于其他灵长类的竞争学习）；第二是抽象表达—人类能象征性表达他们的经验（相对于其他灵长类的形象表达）。

Letters are beginning to learn English, but also can be called the initial stage, many students feel that learning the letters does not matter, just in passing, music allowed, no matter what, strokes do not even okay, this is actually learning English in the a big misunderstanding, because of the letter learning is the first step in learning English, we must pay special attention to.

首先，不要忽视字母的学习。26个字母是学习英语的开端，也可称之为起步阶段，许多同学觉得字母的学习无关紧要，只需一带而过，音不准，没关系，笔顺不对更没关系，其实这是英语学习中的一大误区，正因为字母学习是学习英语的第一步，我们才更要加倍关注。

Inductive learning is one of the most important,the corest and the maturest branches in machine learning, but for using the knowledge acquired by learning and improving inductive learning algorithms, there are a lot of problems that are hard to solve using traditional methods.

1引言机器学习是当前人工智能的一个热门学科，归纳学习旨在从大量经验数据中归纳抽取一般的判定规则和模式，是机器学习最重要、最核心也是最成熟的一个分支。

The First Part discusses the rationale of cultivating the maths self-learning ability of secondary vocational school students, making an overall theotvlical explanation in the urgency and possibility of cultivating the maths self-lenmmg ability of secondary vocational school students, the learning and teaching features of ninths self-learning ability and the teaching principles of maths self-learning ability cultivation.

第一部份，讨论培养中职学生数学自学能力的理论基础，从培养数学自学能力的迫切性、可能性，数学自学能力的学习特征，教学特征，以及数学自学能力培养的教学原则等方面作了较为全面的理论阐述。

So it is very urgent to set up a useful teaching-model of self-regulated learningThere are two-aspect meanings about the studies:1 to set up the physics teaching-model of self-regulated learning in senior middle-school can promote the research of theory and practice in self-regulated learning, enrich the study content of self-regulated learning and provide a choice for the reform of physics class-teaching method.2 to put the model into practice can raise the students ability of self-regulated learning.

本研究的意义在于： 1结合高中物理教学实际、高中生的心理特点，建立有效的高中物理&自主学习&课堂教学模式，可促进自主学习理论与实践的结合； 2通过对自主学习过程各种因素、各个方面相互关系与协调发展的系统研究，将在一定程度丰富自主学习的研究内容，推动自主学习理论与实践的发展； 3&自主学习&课堂教学模式的实施，将增强学生学习的自主程度，提高自主学习能力，促进学生物理学习方式的转变；并为推进素质教育，改革传统物理课堂教学提供了一条新的途径和选择。

After some general description of the general thoughts of Hadot, spiritual exercises, which is the the kernel part Hadot's philosophy, are well illuminated in Chapter one,including the fourfold meaning of spiritual exercises as learning to live, learning to die, learning to dialogue, learning to read.

序言中主要对阿多思想进行总体的介绍，在第一章中对阿多哲学的核心部分灵修概念进行阐释。分析了灵修的四层含义：学习生活、学习死亡、学习对话和学习阅读。

The changes of the HAF after liver injury may be related to the volume of blood loss, the intraabdominal pressure and the pneumoperitoneum duration.

肝撞击伤伴失血后肝动脉血流量的变化与失血量、气腹压力以及气腹持续时间等有密切联系。

Reneging on our commitments to the world's poor cannot be an austerity measure, she said.

放弃我们给世界上的穷国的承诺不能成为一种紧缩措施。