查询词典 kernel smut

Then we introduced transition probability kernel for the hidden state process and the confederated process. In the deep research, we found that some similar parameters of state transition probability, observation symbol probability and initial state probability were involved in the transition probability kernel of the confederated process. So we can complete the training of traditional HMM parameters by training the transition probability kernel of the confederated process. To our surprised, we got the consistency of transition probability kernel of the confederated process. Meanwhile, we proved the rationality and reliability of the parameters estimation equations under the classical B-W algorithm.

然后对联合过程的转移概率核展开研究，我们根据过程的取值空间的不同，引入了隐状态空间和联合过程空间上的转移概率核，研究中发现在联合空间上的转移概率核包含了在一般的隐马氏模型的参数估计中的所有类似的三组参数(转移概率，观测概率和初始概率)，因此对传统的隐马氏模型的参数训练我们可以通过联合过程的转移概率核的训练来完成，更令我们惊奇的是联合过程的转移概率核还具有一致性；同时对于Baum提出的经典的B-W算法给出的关于模型的参数重估计公式，证明了它的合理性和可靠性，即模型经过重估计后的参数能够满足给定的单观测序列在模型下发生的概率是单调递增的。

Researches on kernel clustering algorithms. After combining K-means clustering algorithm and the theory of kernel-based learning algorithms, we propose a fast kernel K-means clustering method which is based on CPD kernel. The experiment results indicate that the clustering effect of the algorithm is better than that of K-means algorithm, the clustering speed of the algorithm is also fast than that of K-means algorithm.

核聚类算法的研究：探讨了K-均值聚类算法，通过将核学习理论与K-均值聚类算法结合，提出了一种基于CPD核函数的快速核K-均值聚类算法，并将该算法与基于Mercer核的核聚类算法进行了比较，实验结果显示，我们的方法不仅比K-均值聚类算法的聚类效果好，而且聚类速度快。

In this paper genetic research and identification of resistance to head smut in maize and varieties breeding were summarized. There were still many problems should be resolved. Combination of biotechnology and routine breeding may improve the progress of resistance to head smut in maize breeding.

对当前玉米丝黑穂病抗性的遗传研究、抗性鉴定及品种选育等方面做了简要的概述，并分析了其中存在的一些问题，指出分子生物技术与玉米常规育种技术的结合将推动玉米抗丝黑穗病育种取得新的进展，希望对玉米抗丝黑穂病育种有所启示。

Research on the pathogen of sugarcane smut is aid to sugarcane breeding resistant to smut.

引起的一种世界性病害，严重危害甘蔗的生产，对该病病原菌的研究有助于甘蔗抗黑穗病育种。

A smut fungus causing a smut in cereals and other grasses that chiefly affects leaves and stems and is characterized chains of sori within the plant tissue that later rupture releasing black masses of spores.

一种黑穗病菌，引起谷类和其他草类的黑穗病，主要对茎和叶造成影响，表现为植物组织内的一连串的孢子囊群，随后裂开，释放出黑色的孢子块。

A smut fungus of the genus Ustilago causing a smut disease of grains in which the entire head is transformed into a dusty mass of spores.

属于 us类的一种黑穗病菌类，引起谷物的黑穗病，其中整个头被变成了粉末状的孢子块。

With conventional PCR primer pair XBFF/R,the same 352bp bands appeared by amplifying all the DNA samples from the eight races,and no bands appeared by amplifying all the DNA samples from the 9 plant pathogen species(Cucumber powdery mildew,wheat yellow rust,wheat leaf rust,wheat stem rust,wheat scab,wheat sheath blight,wheat loose smut,maize sheath blight and maize head smut)and control.

3用常规PCR和实时荧光PCR两种方法对温室接种的小麦白粉病进行了检测，并在时间上与自然显症的观察进行了比较，结果表明：在温室条件下，小麦白粉病菌在接种后第5d时开始出现小麦白粉病病斑，而利用常规PCR引物XBFF/R可在接种第3d检测到小麦白粉病菌，比自然显症观察能够提前了2d检测到白粉病菌；实时荧光PCR法可在接种后1d即能检测到小麦白粉病菌，比自然显症观察能够提前了4d检测到白粉病菌，这可为白粉菌的预测或预警检测提供依据，更可为白粉病在流行前制定防治决策赢得宝贵时间。4。

The results showed that 9 pathogen collections of Sporisorium reilianum were divided into 3 pathogenic types in which there were type A with high pathogenicity, type B with moderate pathogenicity and C with weak pathogenicity. Type A were originated in most important corn-grown areas including Changchun ,Jilin,Gongzuling and Changling where corn head smut usually occurs severely, type B were collected from Siping,Tonghua ,Songyuan,Yanbian, and type C were collected from Baicheng where corn head smut usually occurs very lightly.

致病类型A为强致病类型，来源于吉林、长春、公主岭和长岭，是玉米丝黑穗病发生最严重的地区；致病类型C为弱致病类型，分布于白城地区；致病类型B其致病性介于A、C类之间，主要分布于四平、通化、松原和延边地区。

Due to the difficulties encountered in the process of investigation and analysis of sugarcane smut infection index, the application of bar code automatic identification system was proposed in the investigation management of sugarcane smut infection index, and then specialized computer analysis system was developed to analyze the data.

根据甘蔗黑穗病流行学参数和病情指数调查与分析中遇到的困难，提出了利用条形码自动识别系统来管理调查过程中的数据，并利用专门开发的计算机分析系统来分析这些数据。

Due to the difficulties encountered in the process of investigation and analysis of sugarcane smut infection index, the application of bar code automatic identification system was proposed in the investigation management of sugarcane smut infection index, and then specialized computer analysis system was devel叩ed to analyze the data.

摘 要：根据甘蔗黑穗病流行学参数和病情指数调查与分析中遇到的困难，提出了利用条形码自动识别系统来管理调查过程中的数据，并利用专门开发的计算机分析系统来分析这些数据。

For the head-teacher of the class said that I had seriously broken the school rules,which led me to a three-day suspend class.

为什么呢？因为我的班主任说我严重的违反了校规，于是让我停课三天。

Many of them believe that the conversion of thousands of working-class folk in England spared that nation from the mass carnage and the tyranny that came with the revolution in France.

他们之中有许多人相信，在英国数以千计的劳工阶级之悔改信主使英国免於遭受如法国大革命所造成的大屠杀和专制暴政。