查询词典 hindered

The effects of different factors on the laser-induced graft polymerization on the PET surface were analyzed, and the mechanisms were discussed. The factors were: 1 Monomers with smaller molecules resulted in better modification than polymeric monomers. Acrylamide monomer was chosen as hydrophilic modifier finally; 2 Higher concentration of the monomer solution favored the graft reaction; 3 With the increasing laser fluence, the surface hydrophilicity of PET films increased at first, then decreased. More laser pulses led to a more hydrophilic surface; 4 Benzophenone as a photosensitizer hindered the graft polymerization; 5 The homopolymer retardant of ammonium iron sulfate hexahydrate in a proper concentration retarded the formation of homopolymers and promotes the graft copolymerization; 6 The solvent of monomer solution also affected the graft reaction. Different solvents functioned in different ways. Ethanol can promote the graft reaction because of the activity of hydrogen in its structure; 7 pH value of the monomer solution affects the polymerization rate, and a lower pH value was favorable to the graft reaction.

这些影响因素的作用分别为：1小分子单体的表面改性效果好，确定以丙烯酰胺为亲水性改性单体；2较高的单体溶液浓度有利于接枝反应；3激光能量密度增大，薄膜表面亲水性先显著增强，后又减弱；激光脉冲次数越多，改性后表面亲水性越强；4光敏剂BP对PET表面接枝聚合反应有阻碍作用；5适当浓度的均聚物抑制剂六水合硫酸铁铵能减少单体均聚物的生成，促进接枝聚合；6单体溶液的溶剂也影响接枝聚合的反应进程，不同溶剂的影响作用原理不同，含较活泼氢的乙醇能促进接枝反应；7溶液pH值影响单体聚合速率，pH值较低有利于接枝反应。

The existence of these problems have hindered the healthy publishers, and high-speed development, we must pay attention.

这些问题的存在制约了出版社的健康，高速的发展，必须引起我们的重视。

The imprecision of current observations has hindered predictions of the ultimate fate of the Universe .

实验和观察表明，宇宙是由相同的物理定律和常数的整个范围和历史。

The process of biomarker discovery and validation in treatment of metastatic NSCLC continues to be hindered by the inaccessibility of tumor tissue for analysis in the majority of the patients.

在转移性NSCLC治疗过程中寻找确定标记物依然很困难，因为对大多数病人的肿瘤组织分析是一件很困难的事。

Though recently ionic materials composed of DNA and polyether-derivatized transition metal complexes were reported, dissolution of proteins and carbohydrates in ionic liquids is generally hindered by their insolubility.

虽然最近离子材料组成DNA和聚醚衍生物过渡金属配合物的报告，溶解蛋白质和碳水化合物的离子液体通常是阻碍其insolubility 。

The development of E Business is hindered by distribution of data, isomerism of developing platforms, miscellany of Web technologies and lack of correspondence between business logic and data description.

数据的分布性、开发平台的异构性、WEB后台技术的多样性及业务逻辑定义和数据属性描述的不一致性阻碍了电子商务的发展。

In 2006 a survey of American industry executives found that ITAR's licensing requirements were hard to understand and took an unpredictable amount of time to negotiate; this hindered strategic decisions.

2006年美国工业执行官的调查显示，ITAR的许可需求让人难以理解，并且谈判时间遥遥无期。这些都妨碍了战略计划的实行。

Modernization was based on substantive financial earnings and this meant that China must increase venture. But under Chinas specific circumstance, the government had to aggravate the likin collection; then its flooding also badly hindered the currency of merchandise and went against developing the modernization.

现代化是建立在巨额的财政收入基础上的，这就意味着政府必须扩大税收，但在近代中国特定的时空环境下，只有加重厘金的征收；而厘金的冗滥又严重阻碍了商品的流通，不利于现代化的开展。

Regulations requiring current amusement park rides to be scrapped to create space for new attractions also hindered Universal's efforts to compete with nearby theme parks Disneyland and Six Flags Magic Mountain.

调节需要适应当前的娱乐性公园，要将阻碍环球公司发展的地方拆除，创建一些新的娱乐性活动，来同附近的主题公园，迪斯尼，6旗魔法山进行竞争。

The Chinese market has presented the market segmentation phenomenon of the certain degree. And it has hindered the development of market economy.

中国市场出现了一定程度的市场分割现象，阻碍了市场经济的发展。

I can't say anything hurtful about anyone.

我不能说任何伤害人左右。

She was a short fat woman , garbed in a very tight , very gaudy red dress .

大冬天的，我们穿两件毛衣她却穿件短袖，不停地扇扇子，一个劲叫热。