查询词典 grammar

The relevant theories were information theory, categorical grammar, transformational-generative grammar, dependency grammar, and stratificational grammar in the 1950s and 1960s; artificial intelligence, non-linguistic knowledge bases, formalisms such as lexical-functional grammar, generalized phrase structure grammar, head-driven phrase structure grammar, definite clause grammar, priciples and parameters, Montague semantics in the 1970s and 1980s, neural networks, connectionism, parallel processing , and statistical methods and others in the 1990s.

与之相关的理论有：20世纪50年代和60年代的信息理论，范畴语法，转换生成语法，从属语法，和层次语法；70年代和80年代的人工智能，非语言知识基础，诸如词汇功能语法，广义短语结构语法，中心词驱动短语结构语法，有定从句语法，原则和参数，70年代和80年代的蒙太古语法等这些形式主义；90年代的神经系统网络，连接注意，平行处理，和统计学方法以及其他理论。

With a view to the above issues, an empirical study is conducted using an interview, a questionnaire and a grammar proficiency test to validate the necessity of college English grammar teaching for non-English majors from three dimensions:"teachers' attitudes to grammar teaching","students' attitudes to grammar teaching" and "objective grammar test".

围绕这些问题，笔者通过实证研究的方法，用访谈、问卷以及语法水平考试这三种研究工具从&教师对语法教学的态度&、&学生对语法教学的态度&，以及&客观的语法测试&这三个方面来论证非英语专业大学英语语法教学的必要性。

In the aspect of the Philosophy of Language, Montague Grammar inherited Frege's theory of meaning, Russell's theory of reference, Carnap's theory of verification, Goodman's Modern Realism, Tarski's theory of truth, Kripke's semantics of possible worlds of modal logic, etc, and opens up a new direction in the study of Formal Semantics of natural language; in the aspect of Theoretic Linguistics, Montague was influenced by Chomsky's research idea about the formal treatment of the syntax in natural language and extended it to the semantic study of natural language; Montague Grammar has two theoretic sources: One is the Logical Semantics and Intensional Type Theory in Logic, and the other is Categorial Grammar and Transformative Generative Grammar in Linguistics.

在语言哲学方面它继承了弗雷格的意义论，罗素的指称论，卡尔纳曾的实证主义，古德曼的现代实在论，塔斯基的语义学真理论，克里普克的模态逻辑可能世界语义学的传统，开辟了自然语言形式语义学研究的新方向；在理论语言学方面，他受乔姆斯基形式化语言研究思想的影响，并把这一思想扩展到自然语言的语义研究方面；蒙太格语法的理论来源有两个方面：逻辑方面是逻辑语义学思想和内涵类型论理论，语言学方面是范畴语法和转换生成语法。

After that, it shows current situation of college English grammar teaching in China from three perspectives: problems in college English grammar teaching, teachers' grammar teaching and students' grammar learning.

然后分别从大学英语语法教学存在的问题、老师的语法教学和学生的语法学习三个方面对我国的大学英语语法教学现状进行展示。

After analyzing the current conditions of English grammar teaching and comparing the methods of grammar translation with communicative approach, this paper sets forth the applications of communicative approach in grammar teaching to improve the grammar of college English learners.

交际法在语法教学中的运用，革除了枯燥无味讲语法的旧习。本文针对语法教学的现状，通过传统的语法-翻译法与交际法的对比，论述交际法的理论体系，提出运用模拟情境、角色扮演、小组讨论等交际教学法进行语法教学，以提高大学生对英语语法的掌握。

Among all grammars, four appear to be well recognized, namely, traditional grammar , structural grammar , transformational generative grammar and systemic-functional grammar .

在所有的语法，四个似乎得到公认，即传统的文法，语法结构，转换生成语法与系统功能语法。

To satisfy such social needs, English grammar teaching should shift from tradition, which regards grammar as an isolated, context-free and sentence-based language system, to present-day grammar teaching, which matches form with meaning and function in context, with the expectation of helping learners to achieve their ultimate goal, i.e. to use language appropriately, accurately and fluently in real communication.

为培养这样的人才，英语专业的语法教学应摆脱传统教学法的束缚，把语法与意义和功能结合起来，在一定的语境中去探讨学习语法，以期培养学生的交际能力，达到最终的目标，利用语言在实际的语境下自由、恰当、准确地表达思想，而语境语法教学可能成为实现这一目标的有意尝试。

According to the principle of Combination of grammar form and meaning, this dissertation makes on arrangement about the Zigong dialect grammar phenomenon, to show the basic character and it connection with Putonghua ,by comparision,and analysis, As for the grammar phenomenon, which has enongh materials, this parer makes the full description and girt, some explanation, according to the connected theories, such as the three planes of grammrs, convertable analysis, Semantic drection, Semantic character and so on.

研究始终遵循语法形式与语法意义相结合的原则，通过比较、归纳、分析的方法，对自贡方言语法现象进行了一番梳理，展示了自贡方言的基本特点及其与普通话的种种联系和区别。对一些材料较充分的语法现象，运用三个平面、变换分析、语义指向、语义特征及语义双向选择原则等有关理论和方法进行了较为充分的描写、分析和一定的解释。全文共分为两部分。

The comparison between the verb valency grammar and the traditional grammar shows that an introduction of the verb valency grammar may help students develop their understanding of the English language.

通过动词配价语法与传统语法的比较，指出如果在以传统语法为主的英语教学中引进动词配价语法中有关知识，可以帮助培养学生的语感。

In this dissertation, We select You sentence pattern to do some research, under the guidance of three-dimensions grammar, valency grammar, case grammar and speech act theory, try our best to do more comprehensive analysis and description of You sentence pattern.

本文选定"由"字句作为研究对象，在三维语法、配价语法、格语法、言语行为等现代语言学理论与方法的指导下，力求对"由"字句作比较全面的分析和描写。

Don't listen to their haver, nothing of that sort.

别听他们胡说八道，根本就没那回事。

But bank's shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are skeptical.

但是，银行股票以低于账面价值的价格交易，这一点反应了投资者的怀疑。