查询词典 forward difference

In this paper, we discuss effect algebra and related topics. The main results are the following:1. Effect algebra is a commutative algebraic structure. To get a non-commutative algebraic structure.we introduced the concepts of left difference and right difference, and we also introduced the concept of the Bi-difference sets, the concept of pseudo-difference poset, and proved that pseudo-difference poset is equivalent to pseudo-effect algebra.

效应代数描述的是具有交换性的量子系统，我们借助于差运算的思想研究了不可交换的量子逻辑结构，建立了左差、右差、伪差偏序集、双差集等概念，证明了伪差偏序集与伪效应代数等价，并得到了双差集的幺半群表示定理。

Soybean planted in the yellow brown soil, althongh they had big difference in nodule numbers caused by different inoculation methods, there were no difference in the fresh shoot weight because of the poor nutritional conditions. Soybean planted in the brown soil, the difference between different inoculations and fresh shoot weight were obviously because of the balance nutritional conditions. Although there were big difference in nodule numbers when soybean were planted in the peat, there were no difference in the fresh shoot weight, this might be caused by peat, the peat were not a natural soil type and the nutritional conditions might be unbalance.

分期采样的结果表明，黄棕壤中栽种的大豆，虽然接种根瘤菌对结瘤作用有较大的影响，但由于黄棕壤的肥力状况欠佳，而对豆科植物地上部分生长的影响未显出作用；棕壤土中栽种的豆科植物，接种根瘤菌在结瘤方面和植物地上部分生长方面，由于土壤肥力状况较为平衡，均表现出明显的效果；草炭土中生长的豆科植物在结瘤方面虽然表现出较大差异，但由于这种土壤的肥力状况不适于豆科植物的生长，而使地上部的生长也未形成统计上的差异。

Firstly, edge extracting is conducted with a laplace operator for a k frame image of fk and a k-1 frame image of fk-1 collected by a camera; secondly, difference calculus is conducted for images of two frames whose edge is extracted, and a difference image of D is obtained; thirdly, average filtering and binary processing is conducted for the difference image of D, fourthly, the image which is processed of binary is judged, i.e. when the difference of a pixel in the difference image is more than the set threshold value, the pixel is confirmed as a target pixel; otherwise, the pixel is a static background pixel.

首先对摄像头采集的第k帧图像f k和第k-1帧图像f k-1分别采用laplace算子进行边缘提取，然后对经过边缘提取的两帧图像进行差分运算，得到差分图像D，然后对差分图像D进行均值滤波和二值化处理，最后对二值化后的图象进行判断，即认为当差分图像中某一个像素的差大于设定的阈值时，则认为该像素是目标像素，反之则认为是静止不动的背景像素。

In order to overcome the technological difficulties encountered in the course of insulation fault diagnosis on the base of dissolved gases analysis, several kinds of mathematic models and actualized methods are brought forward to improve the reliability and veracity of fault diagnosis of transformers. The research works are shown mainly as followings:1 A modified fuzzy multi-criteria method is brought forward for insulation fault diagnosis of transformer. Furthermore, a new method for insulation fault diagnosis is proposed on the base of fuzzy multi-criteria together with rule reasoning. With fuzzy diagnosis in the method, fault reasons are filtrated and then the reasons in low probability are prohibited, Moreover, the left reasons are testified by using rule reasoning and then final concludes are drawn in much less misjudge probability and better results.2 On the base of geometry characteristics of C- partition to sample set of DGA data of transformer, a method is put forward to compute effective radius of neighbor field of a sample, number of clusters and values of initial centers. Moreover, the fuzzy C- means cluster model with adaptive weight is brought forward in the first time and then the fault classifier is designed for insulation fault diagnosis of transformer.3 According to the weakness of the degree of gray of gray incidence, a new formula to compute DGI is put forward and then incidence order criterion is ascertained. Moreover, a new DGI model for fault diagnosis is proposed according to the further analysis to relationship between fault reason and content of oil dissolved gases of transformer.

为解决在应用油中溶解气体分析方法（Dissolved Gases Analysis，简称DGA）诊断变压器内部绝缘故障时所遇到的主要技术难题，论文提出了用于提高变压器故障诊断准确性和可靠性的数学模型及实现方法，主要研究工作如下：1）提出了一种改进的变压器绝缘故障诊断模糊综合评判方法；进一步提出了将模糊综合诊断与规则推理相结合进行绝缘故障诊断的方法，该方法采用模糊推理对故障原因进行"过滤"，滤掉可能性极小的原因，然后进一步利用规则推理验证剩下的可能原因，得出最终结论，大大减少了误判比率，获得了较好的效果。2）根据以变压器DGA数据为特征量的样本空间的c-划分几何特性出发，提出了一种求取样本有效邻域半径和聚类数及聚类中心初值的方法，在此基础上，首次提出了一种自适应加权的变压器绝缘故障诊断的模糊c-均值聚类模型，并设计出故障分类器。3）针对常用灰色关联度的不足，提出了一新的灰色关联度计算公式及确定关联序的准则；并在此基础上，通过深入分析变压器发生绝缘故障时的原因与油中溶解特征气体含量的关系，建立了一种新的故障诊断灰色关联模型；通过实例分析证明，该方法能有效地诊断出变压器绝缘故障及故障部位，大大提高了诊断的准确性。

There are three difference formats in this thesis. They are backward difference, Crank-Nicolson"s difference and Galerkin"s difference.

本文对时间域采用的离散格式有两点向后差分、Crank-Nicolson格式差分和Galerkin差分等。

Between the Chinese and American culture difference has accomplished the China and America classroom instruction difference, but this kind of difference comes from in the Chinese and American education idea and the educational system difference, the China elementary education attention knowledge accumulation and instills into, the attention trains the student to ask the same thought and the attention trains the student to the knowledge itself grasping, but US pays great attention to actually trains the student to carry on the solution actual problem using the knowledge ability, the attention trains the student to the knowledge innovation and the development, also the attention raises the student criticalness thought and the divergent thought.

中美文化之间的差异造就了中美课堂教学的差异，而这种差异来自于中美教育理念和教育制度上的不同，中国基础教育注重知识的积累和灌输，注重培养学生的求同思维和注重培养学生对知识本身的掌握，而美国却注重培养学生运用知识进行解决实际问题的能力，注重培养学生对知识的创新和拓展，且注重培养学生批判性思维和发散性思维。

The difference schema of the initial boundary value problem was converted to the step-by-step form,which was similar to the difference schema of the initial value problem.It is concluded that the difference schema satisfying the Von Neumann condition is a stable schema,and that,under the consistency condition,such stable schema is convergent.Moreover,with error estimate expression for the difference approximation to the classical solution,the linearity condition is unnecessary.

引入反投影算子将发展方程初边值问题的差分格式转化为与初值问题差分格式类似的逐步推进的形式，从而得出：满足Von Neumann条件的差分格式是稳定的格式；在相容条件下，差分格式若稳定(或满足VonNeumann条件)则格式收敛，且对古典解的差分逼近有误差估计式，不再需要线性的条件。

The difference in the absorption coefficient for normal human stomach mucosa/submucosa tissues between 1064 and 532 nm is 53.8%,and the difference in the reduced scattering coefficient for tissue samples between 1064 and 532 nm is 52.2%,and the difference in the optical penetration depth for tissue samples between 1064 and 532 nm is 113%,and the difference in the diffusion constant for tissue samples between 1064 and 532 nm is 110%.

正常人胃黏膜/黏膜下层组织对1064 nm的激光的吸收系数与其对532 nm的激光的吸收系数的差异为53.8%，其对1064 nm的激光的约化散射系数与其对532 nm的激光的约化散射系数的差异为52.2%，其对1064 nm的激光的光学穿透深度与其对532 nm的激光的光学穿透深度的差异为113%，其对1064 nm的激光的漫射系数与其对532 nm的激光的漫射系数的差异为110%。

Goodbye Alice in Wonderland Jewel It's four in the afternoon I'm on a flight leaving L.A. Trying to think about my life My youth scattered along the highway Hotel rooms and headlines I've made a living with a song Just a guitar as my companion Wanting desperately to belong Fame is filled with spoiled children They grow fat on fantasy I guess that's why I'm leaving I crave reality So goodbye Alice in Wonderland Goodbye yellow brick road There is a difference between dreaming and pretending I did not find paradise It was only a reflection of my lonely mind searching For what was missing in my life I'm embarassed to say the rest is a rock and roll cliche I hit the bottom when I reached the top I never knew it was you who was breaking my heart I thought you had to love me You did not Yes a heart can hallucinate If it's completely starved for love Can even make monsters seem like Angels from above You forged my love like a weapon And turned it against me like a knife You broke my last heartstring But you opened up my eyes So goodbye Alice in Wonderland Goodbye yellow brick road There is a difference between dreaming and pretending That was not love in your eyes It was only a reflection of my lonely mind wanting what was missing in my life And growing up is not the absence of dreaming It's being able to understand the difference between the ones you can hold And the ones that you've been sold Dreaming is a good thing cause it brings new things to life Pretending is an ending that perpetuates a lie Forgetting what you are Seeing for what you've been told Well, truth is stranger than fiction And this is my chance to get it right Life is much better without all of your pretty lies So Goodbye Alice in Wonderland You can keep your yellow brick road there is a difference between dreaming and pretending There's not tears in my eyes It was only a reflection of my lonely mind searching It was only a reflection of my lonely mind finding I find what's missing in my life

再见，梦游仙境的爱丽丝下午四点我在飞离洛杉矶的班机上试着去理顺生活我的青春散落在公路上就宿于各地旅馆，无数次登上头条我以一首歌成功立足吉他为伴我强烈渴望被接受和认可有名的人大多是被宠坏的孩子幻想使我们贪求无餍我猜想这就是我离开的原因我渴望活在现实里因此再见吧，梦游仙境的爱丽丝再见吧，黄砖路梦想和矫饰不同我没有找到天堂那不过是我孤独心灵的一种反映，我渴望找到生命中缺失的东西尽管尴尬，我不得不说一句摇滚乐界的陈词滥调当我的事业达到顶峰时，我的心情跌落到了谷底我从未想过，会是你让我心碎我以为你一定会爱我但你没有是的，如果心对爱饥渴它会产生幻觉，认假为真它甚至可以把妖魔认作下凡的天使你把我的爱练成一种武器然后把它像刀子一样捅向我你断了我最后一根心弦但你让我看清了现实因此再见吧，梦游仙境的爱丽丝再见吧，黄砖路梦想和矫饰不同你眼里的不是爱不过是我孤独心灵的一种反映，我努力寻找生命中缺失的东西成长不是梦想的消失而是一种能分辨你坚守的东西与导致你被骗的东西的能力并且梦想是个好东西因为它给生命带来新鲜事物但矫饰是一个终结它使谎言无限期地延续忘了你是谁只着眼于人们告诉你的那些东西真实比虚构更奇怪而这是我求取真实的机会没有那些漂亮的谎言，生活会变得更美好因此再见吧，梦游仙境的爱丽丝你可以留住你的黄砖路梦想和矫饰不同我眼里的不是泪水不过是我孤独心灵的一种反映，我意识到不过是我孤独心灵的一种反映，我意识到我已经找到了生命中缺失的东西

Make a difference, make a big difference, make some difference, make no difference 里的difference

健康保险对长寿的作用被过度夸大，反之，作用最大的可能就是让年轻人多多呆在学校。

Bob Eckert has been chairman and chief executive of Mattel for eight years.

美泰董事长兼首席执行官鲍勃·埃克尔特在任已8年。

The outlook for honors and disgraces carries on and surpasses the traditional outlook for honors and disgraces theoretically, and carries on and develops the theory of construction of socialist mora...

社会主义荣辱观的提出在理论上是对传统荣辱观的一次继承和超越，是对社会主义道德建设理论的继承和发展，在实践上有利于形成良好的社会风尚。