查询词典 extraction

Methods The orthogonal test was conducted to test the effect of the temperature of extraction, time of extraction, concentration and volume of ethanal on extracts yield and the content of hypericins and and total flavonoids from Hypericum perforatum L., and optimize the extraction technology.

方法以总金丝桃素含量、总黄酮含量及浸膏得率为指标，采用正交试验法对提取过程中提取温度、提取时间、乙醇浓度及乙醇用量4个因素进行优选研究。

This thesis investigates the profile extraction and shape optimization on the result of topology optimization of planar compliant mechanisms. The main context includes the following work:(1) summarizing and analyzing the recent research status, some harvest and unsolved problems;(2) analyzing the conceptual design of planar path-generating compliant mechanisms and its mathematical model and tools;(3) Modifying the method of density contour as the method of profile extraction, and developing a method to optimize the density function in the profile extraction according to the requirement of the design of compliant mechanism;(4) developing a method to abstract the compliant mechanism into a form of links and joints by using the principle of connectivity on topology;(5) developing a method of shape optimization of planar path-generating compliant mechanisms, by representing the profile of the abstracted compliant mechanism as simple curves such as straight lines and arcs, establishing the models of the size optimization of the parameters of these curves, so that the compliant mechanism has a machinable shape;(6) At last, proving the feasibleness and effectiveness of the design method by making simulation design and validating it in FEA software.

主要工作包括：(1)分析了柔顺机构拓扑优化和形状优化的研究现状，分析了目前柔顺机构的研究重点、主要成果和尚未解决的问题；(2)分析了基于SIMP的柔顺机构概念设计方法及其相关工具和模型；(3)针对柔顺机构轮廓提取的特殊要求，提出了密度等值线法的改进方案，对密度函数插值点密度值进行优化，提出优化模型和选择优化算法；(4)根据轨迹输出平面全柔顺机构自身的形状特点，提出了轨迹输出平面全柔顺机构的抽象方法，即应用拓扑学上的连通性原理将柔顺机构抽象成杆件和结点形式，并对相应的数学原理进行了证明；(5)提出了平面全柔顺机构的形状还原和尺寸优化方法，对抽象的柔顺机构进行还原，将其轮廓还原成简单曲线的连接，从而建立尺寸优化模型，对机构进行尺寸优化设计，在得到可加工的机构轮廓的同时又能对关键部位进行特别处理；(6)进行了柔顺机构的数值仿真设计，并将所得设计结果导入商用有限元软件中进行仿真实验，证明了设计方法的可行性和有效性。

The dissertation focuses on the topics for automatic, accurate, and efficient metadata extraction from general and unstructured documents, on the basis of the state of the work on metadata extraction. After analyzing the limitations of current work, we propose a model for Automatic Document Metadata Extraction, and formulize the problem under the framework of statistical learning.

首先，论文针对目前元数据抽取在处理的文档对象和采用的抽取方法方面所存在的问题和不足，以统计学习理论和信息抽取领域相关研究为指导，结合非结构化文档的特点，提出了文档元数据自动抽取（Automatic Document Metadata Extraction，ADME）模型，给出其形式化描述，进而介绍模型工作机理和处理流程。

Objective To analyze the chemical components of the extracts of Kacmpferia galanga L from supercritical CO2 extraction, and to compare the extraction efficiency between supercritical CO2 extraction and traditional water distillation.

目的 研究沙姜超临界CO2萃取物的化学成分，并比较超临界CO2提取法和传统的水蒸气蒸馏提取法的提取效果。

ConclusionMicrowave extraction has the highest yield in the shortest time. But volatile oil in Heracleum hemsleyanum Diels extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction or steam distillation has better quality. Thus the supercritical CO2 extraction is the best way.

结论微波萃取挥发油得率最高，时间最短；超临界CO2和水蒸馏法萃取挥发油的质量最好，因此使用超临界CO2是萃取牛尾独活挥发油的最佳途径。

The extraction temperature, extraction pressure and separation pressure all have significant effects on the extraction rate of indirubin.

萃取温度、萃取压力及分离压力对大青叶中靛玉红的萃取都有显著影响。

ResultsThe optimal conditions were as follows:raw material 0.500 g Ligustrum lucidum Ait dry dry powder,the extraction agent 45% alcohol solution,the ratio of raw material to extraction agent 1:50,the microwave power 464 W,and the extraction time 300 s for three times.

结果原料0.500 g的女贞子粉末，提取剂为45%的乙醇，提取剂用量为1∶50，微波功率为464 W，提取时间为300 s，提取3次为最佳的提取工艺。

First, this research developed a set of simple and effective technologies for preparative extraction and separation of flavonoid and phloridzin from Lithocarpus polystachyus, which includes:(1) Microwave-assisted extraction of flavonoid from tender leaves of Lithocarpus polystachyus Rehd. The extraction conditions are as the follows, 1.2 % of Ca2 water solution, solid-liquid ratio of 1:12, pre-boiling for 5 min, 800 W of microwave treating for 25 min.

本研究首先研发出一套简单、有效的制备性提取分离多穗柯黄酮类及其根皮苷工艺，这套工艺包括：(1)微波辅助氢氧化钙水溶液提取多穗柯黄酮，最佳工艺条件为用1.2 %氢氧化钙水溶液为提取液，料液比1：12，预煮时间5min，微波功率800W处理25min。

The application of ionic liquids aqueous solutions as solvents in the microwave-assisted extraction technique was developed for the extraction of lycorine, lycoramine and galanthamine from Lycoris. Effects of different ionic liquids and the concentration of selected ionic liquids on MAE were investigated, and tradition organic solvent and extraction techniques were compared.

1引言自1986年Ganzler等[1]首次报道采用微波辅助萃取天然产物中化学成分以来，微波辅助萃取技术在食品、环境和天然产物等领域得到了广泛的应用[2~5]，它以萃取时间短、溶剂用量少、选择性强、萃取效率高等优点在中药有效成分的萃取分离方面得到广泛关注[5，6]。

In the soft tissue measurements, the value of soft tissue facial angle and B'-Pos-FH in the first extraction group was less than those in the second extraction group significantly. After treatment all the patients had an increase in S-Ns-Pos angle, soft tissue facial angle, B'-Pos-FH and depth of mentolabial groove. At the same time, soft tissue convexity angle was diminished obviously. But the change was not significant between the two premolar extraction groups.

2在对软组织项目的测量中，治疗前第一前磨牙拔除组的软组织面角、颏沟倾角均小于第二前磨牙拔除组，治疗后2组均出现软组织面凸角减少，颏凸角、软组织面角、颏沟倾角、颏唇沟深度增加；但2组在各项测量项目的变化上无显著组间差别。

There are different types of personal loans available.

有许多不同类型的个人贷款优惠。

The above mentioned teaching model of spiral rising can be used to avoid rigidness in teaching.

上述螺旋式上升的教学模式，可以避免教学形成模式後的僵化现象。