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Then we estimate the amount of land use in 2002 and 2005 by Markoff Chain Method and Artificial Neural Network. We also use Markoff Chain to estimate the structure change of land usage from ...

并利用马尔可夫链和神经网络两种方法预测了上海市中心城区 2 0 0 2年和 2 0 0 5年的土地利用结构和土地利用结构的变化。

The objective of this paper is to analyze medical expenses records of a group in a year. The Kernel Density Estimation, a nonparametric method, is used to estimate the density function of natural logarithm of medical expenses amount. Then the estimated density function is used to estimate the means and variances of medical expenses amount spent by the inpatients per time.

本文研究了某团体一年的住院医疗费用记录，运用非参数模型中的核密度估计方法，对每次住院费用对数的分布密度进行了估计，并用它进一步估计了每次住院费用的均值和方差，取得了较好的效果。

1Create network diagram;(2) Estimate resources;(3) Form a project team;(4) Estimate time and cost.

创建网络图；（2）评估资源；（3）组织项目团队；（4）估算时间和成本

This thesis focus on GPS application in magnetic suspension engineering:① the formulation of oblique cylindrical projection is worked out according to characteristics of long distance precise engineering and map projection theory. The author has developed an application to accomplish coordinate conversion from generally used coordinate systems to oblique Maglev Coordinates System.② considering not only project peculiarities but also position of control points, selection of initial points, connection type, selection of repeat baseline and ground observed quantities, GPS network is designed on electronic map and we may extract GPS network information by program developed using Visual Basic 6.0 while the results are stored in control point file and baseline vector file.③estimate accuracy of various GPS networks designed on electronic map by method of 2D restriction adjustment. GPS network simulation design and accuracy estimate come true.④Predominate the rules how connection type , repeat baseline and precise baseline of range finder influence GPS network precision through comparing accuracy of various GPS network. Thereby, the solution how to establish GPS network in long distance precise engineering is figured out.

本论文主要研究GPS技术在磁悬浮工程中的应用：①根据长距离精密工程的特点，从地图投影原理出发，推导出斜轴圆柱投影的应用公式，并编制计算软件，实现从常用坐标系统向斜轴磁悬浮坐标系统的转换计算；②在AutoCAD电子地图上，根据工程的需要，并充分考虑控制点的点位、起算点的选择、连接方式、重复基线的选择和地面观测量的选择等因素，在电子地图上进行GPS网的设计，根据Visual Basic 6.0语言编程，提取出GPS网资料，保存在控制点文件和基线向量文件中；③对在电子地图生成的各种类型的GPS网进行二维约束平差的精度估算，实现了GPS网的模拟设计与精度估算；④通过对各种控制网的精度比较，掌握连接方式、重复基线、精密测距仪基线对GPS网精度影响的规律，解决了长距离精密工程GPS网的建立方法。

This paper presents a new method to estimate unknown projections. To achieve better results, we make use of the discrete Radon transform and a set of discrete orthogonal Tchebichef polynomials to establish relationship between the projection moments and the image moments, and then estimate the unknown projections from the known projections using this relationship.

提出一种新的投影数据估计算法，利用离散Radon变换和Tchebichef正交多项式建立图像矩和投影矩之间的关系，并用这种关系从已知投影数据中估计未知投影数据，达到提高重建图像质量的目的。

The model is applied to predict the total amount of Chinese population,and the results show that nonparametric regression model is better than linear regression model,at the same time,the situation orthogonal sequence estimate is superior to k-near neighbour estimate for the dynamic relation between the total amount of Chinese population and nation...

并应用此模型对我国1952—2003年的人口总量和GDP总量进行了预测分析。结果表明：非参数回归模型优于线性回归模型，同时正交序列估计效果也优于k-近邻估计。

As to nonparametric and semiparametric regression models, the most widely used regression methods include: local smoothness, including Nadaraya-Watson kernel estimate, Gasser-Muller estimate, local polynomial method; spline method(such as smoothing spline, spline penalies and so on); other is orthogonal series estimates, such as Fourier series and so on.

本文主要介绍Nadaraya-Watson核估计方法对非参数模型估计的思路和估计方法，变系数模型中函数系数的局部多项式估计，包括估计思路，估计计算。

As to nonparametric and semiparametric regression models, the most widely used regression methods include, spline method(such as smoothing spline, penalized spline and so on); local smoothness, such as Nadaraya-Watson kernel estimate, Gasser-Muller estimate, local polynomial method; the third is orthogonal series, including Fourier series and so on.

所以三次光滑样条应用比较广泛。本文应用三次光滑样条方法来估计单指标部分线性模型中单指标参数和变系数部分线性模型中的函数系数。

In the field, the popular methods include: using Kalman filter or Particle filter to estimate motion, estimate the optical flow, utilizing the active contour model, the active shape model and the deformable template to tracking the objects, and using the Geodesic active contour model or Geodesic active region model which based the partial difference equation method and level set frame.

在该领域常用的方法有利用Kalman滤波及粒子滤波进行运动预测，通过计算光流评价目标运动，利用活动轮廓模型，活动形状模型，可变形模板等主动形状模型方法以及测地线活动轮廓模型，测地线活动区域模型等基于偏微分方程的方法来跟踪目标运动。

It has been verified that the partitioned state estimate is identical with the usual full least square estimate.

这样得到的结果与原来把电力系统状态估计作为一个最小二乘方问题处理所得的结果是一致的。

This is not an ordinary box, which is used as a background picture of the dialog box, very pretty.

详细说明：这可不是一个一般的对话框，它是用图片作为背景的对话框，非常好看。

Conceal me what I am,and be my aid for such disguise as haply shall become the form of my intent.

遮掩我的身份，帮助我，我的面具将成为我的目的。