查询词典 distillation method

This paper reviews and summarizes the progress in this field as follows: the mathematical model and the difficulty of the analytical solutions is introduced; discusses the latest progress of the numerical solutions is discussed; the finite difference method, the Godunov method, the Boltzmann method, and the KFVS method of one-dimensional dam-break problem are introduced; the TVD method, the discontinuous finite element method, the finite volume method and characteristic method of two-dimensional dam-break problem are discussed; the applicability, the advantage and the disadvantage of each method are analyzed; and the progress in the numerical calculations of flow of fluid with free surface are presented.

回顾和总结了国内外对溃坝水流演进问题的研究进展：介绍了溃坝水流的数学模型及解析解法存在的困难，进而讨论了数值解法的最新进展；论述了求解溃坝水流一维问题的有限差分法、近似黎曼解的Godunov格式法、Boltzmann法、KFVS法和二维问题的TVD格式法、间断有限元法、有限体积法、特征线法，并分析了各种方法的适用范围和优缺点，及讨论了限制函数的使用；介绍了利用自由水面追踪方法计算溃坝水流的研究进展，并根据目前存在的不足和实际工程的需要，提出了进一步研究的方向和发展趋势。

Through the steps such as acidify, filteration, extraction , distillation and vacuum distillation, the product is seperated from compounds.

通过酸化、过滤、萃取、常压蒸馏和减压蒸馏等后处理手段，将产物分离出来。

Main contributions and achievements are as follows:A general non-equilibrium rigorous model for RDP is developed in this thesis. Based on the pseudo-homogenous assumption, two main factors reaction and separation are de-coupled, and an RDP model with the same format as that for a traditional distillation process is established. To solve the model with a large number of algebraic equations, modified M-K equations with tri-diagonal matrix form are developed based on the improved Separation Efficiency Functions, which greatly increases the iteration efficiency. This thesis also develops a general reactive distillation dynamic model. Through splitting of the differential variables based on SEFS, large-scaled differential algebraic equations can be solved with the improved Gear's algorithm which makes the dynamic model suitable for the on-line application. A simulation platform for the control loop design and evaluation of RDP by introducing control system equations into the dynamic model is also developed.A lactic acid purification pilot-scale RDP is investigated.

论文对热点问题——反应精馏过程的建模与优化控制相关技术进行了深入的研究，取得了一系列成果：1、建立了反应精馏过程机理模型，基于拟均相假设，将反应和分离过程进行解耦，推导出反应精馏过程的非平衡级稳态模型和动态模型，通过引入推广的分离效率函数，对模型变量进行了合理划分，显著提高了模型求解效率；将动态模型和控制系统方程结合，建立了反应精馏过程控制系统研究的辅助工具。2、全面分析了乳酸提纯反应精馏新工艺试验装置，利用本文建立的过程机理模型，对该试验装置进行了稳态和动态性能分析及水力学核算；设计和分析了单边质量控制方案，比较了间接和直接物料平衡控制两种方案的控制性能。

Secondly, the optimum operating conditions of the batch distilling tower for separating amyl alcohol from the fusel oil were found by applying CC-BATCH, a batch distillation model of the chemical engineering simulative system named ChemCAD5.0, to simulate and calculate the special technological process of salt outing-special batch distillation.

其次，利用ChemCAD化工模拟系统软件中的CC-BATCH间歇精馏模块对"盐析—特殊间歇精密精馏法"从杂醇油中制备C5醇的分离工艺进行了全流程模拟优化计算，模拟过程在所设限定条件下能满意收敛，所得结果与实验结果基本上一致。

Based on the success of the industrialization of the process of catalytic distillation of methyl acetate hydrolysis, the new process of catalytic distillation of methyl acetate and methanol azeotrope hydrolysis and related fundamental research were studied.

本文在催化精馏水解工艺工业化成功的基础上，进行了醋酸甲酯和甲醇共沸物催化精馏水解新工艺及其相关基础研究，以进一步改进工艺，达到简化流程及节能降耗的目的，同时建立起催化精馏过程模拟和设计的理论体系，为中试及将来的工业化打下了坚实的基础。

Extractive distillation is defined as distillation in the presence of a miscible, high boiling, relatively non-volatile component, the solvent, that forms no azeotrope with the other components in the mixture.

淬取蒸馏的定义为：有易混合的、高沸的、相对难挥发的组分和溶剂存在下的蒸馏，且这些组分和溶剂不与混合物中的其它组分形成恒沸物。

The fraction of benzyl benzoate and fluorenone were enriched from benzoic acid residua by flash distillation,then separated by vacuum batch distillation,so the recovery of benzoic acid residua was implemented.

依据相关文献确定了通过闪蒸法富集苯甲酸釜残液中的苯甲酸苄酯和芴酮馏分，其后减压间歇精馏分离富集馏分，实现了苯甲酸釜残液的回收利用。

In the experiment, compared to atmosphere distillation, low-pressure distillation is proved to be able to save more nourishment, remain more yeast for the fermentation with cornstalk and finally give more energy saving.

与常压精馏相比较，低压低温精馏能够减少醪糟中营养物质的损失，更多地保存了酶活力和发酵菌体的活性，为醪糟进行下一步的秸秆固态发酵饲料生产提供保证；而且有利于进行浓醪精馏，实现大幅度的节能。

Ethanolamine series are easy to be separated by distillation technology because of their high boiling point difference. According to this feature, an optimized distillation process with recycling streams and sidedraws was presented in this study.

不同乙醇胺产品之间的沸点差较大，从精馏的角度来说易于分离，利用这一特点，本文开发出了带循环物流、侧线出料的精馏系统新流程。

The sensitiveness of simulationis also studies in this paper.It shows that overall evulsion ration increases when theoverhead of early-distillation tower and atmospheric distillation increase. Increase ofvapor of atmospheric tower and sidetrack vapor extraction an also leads to rise ofoverall evulsion ration .

本文还对模拟计算灵敏度进行了分析，考察了塔顶馏出物及汽提蒸气量对拔出率的影响，结果表明拔出率随着初馏塔和常压塔塔顶馏出物的增加而增加，随常压塔蒸气量和侧线汽提量的增加而增加。

The role of the environment is very important.

的作用，环境是非常重要的。

At that time, the High Court of England and Wales Court of Queen's Bench president of William Murray, Lord Mansfield in June 22, 1772 ruling:"No matter then there is the inconvenience, but there must be a decision, I can not say that this case under the law in England are permitted or authorized; are so black should be released."

当时的英格兰及威尔士高等法院王座法庭院长William Murray， Lord Mansfield于1772年6月22日宣判：「无论有那麽不便，但总要有个决定，我不能说这件案在英格兰法律之下是准许或认可；所以黑人是应该被释放。