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The SERS of various concentration of Reactive Red, Acid Red, Acid Black, Direct sol orange and Calcon Carboxylic Acid adsorbed on silver colloid are studied by micro-Raman spectrometer. It has been found that the SERS intensity of absorbed molecules is mainly from the nearest molecule layer to the surface of silver colloid. That is, SERS has its single layer saturation effect. 2. The technique of direct deposition of silver colloid on a Kaolinite surface is first described.

以银溶胶作基底，利用显微拉曼光谱仪对不同浓度的活性艳红、酸性红、酸性黑、直接耐晒橙四种染料和钙羧酸指示剂的表面增强拉曼光谱进行了研究，结果表明，由于表面增强拉曼散射具有单分子层饱和效应和银溶胶系统对荧光的猝灭率很高，能吸附染料分子并增强拉曼散射的强度，且吸附分子的表面增强拉曼散射的强度，主要是由于最靠近银溶胶的一层分子的增强，而第一层以外的分子贡献很小。

The combination of dyestuff include: a. direct blue dyestuff 199,acidic blue dyestuff 9, direct blue dyestuff 87 b.

该染料组合色料包含(1)直接性蓝色染料199，酸性蓝色染料9，直接性蓝色染料87。

This paper presents the flocculations of typical dyes of reactive brilliant blue KN R,direct dark brown N,acid ink blue G,acid mordant dark blue AGLO,direct light resistant bule B2RL and weak acid yellow HG in aqueous samples by a new flocculant recently developed in our laboratory and the effects of several factors on decolorizing efficiency.

本文介绍了新近开发的JAZ型絮凝剂对水样中活性艳蓝KN—R，直接深棕M，酸性墨水蓝G，酸性媒介藏青AGLO，直接耐晒蓝B2RL，弱酸性黄HG等代表性染料的凝集效果及其影响因素。

RESULTS: In the retinal region without light, the structure of every layer was clear, cells in neuroepithelial layer arrayed in rule, some bubble presented in external granular layer and internal granular layer, RPE cells were compact, and the color of pigment article was coincident. In the region with direct blue light and that with 30J/cm2+Acrysof one-piece/ pMMlA, cells on photoreceptor and external granular layer were lost partially, bubble increased, RPE cells were with different sizes, and cell edema, cell lost and pigment article cluster could be seen.. In region with 30J/cm2+Natural, a little disorganization could be seen comparing to that without light, but more normal than those with Acrysof and direct eradia tion.

结果：未照射部位：视网膜各层次结构清晰，神经上皮层内各细胞排列规则，整齐，RPE细胞排列紧密均匀，色素颜色一致；单独光照和透过Acrysof一片式I0L：光感受器层部分细胞丢失，外核层可见固缩核，浓密，内颗粒层细胞大量丢失，内丛状层内空泡明显增多，RPE表面，细胞大小不均，可见肿胀、缺失，细胞内色素浓密、聚集成块；透过Nat-ural一片：与未照射处相比，视网膜各层次结构仍有部分破坏，但程度明显减轻。

Dyeing tests on kraft liner board with domestic liquid cationic direct Yellow DCY-R and direct Brown DCB replacing imported liquid dyes were carried out under laboratory conditions and in the production conditions.

用国产液体阳离子直接黄DCY-R和直接棕DCB染料代替进口液体染料，在实验室条件下和生产条件下对A级牛皮箱纸板进行染色试验。

Its high-capacity and strong-acid-resistance were proved. In the acid condition, the adsorption efficiency to acide green 6B and direct fast yellow RL reached above 90%. Through the adsorption rate curve on adsorption behavior of the three dyes, they were all according with pseudo-secondary adsorption rate curve. The rate constant of adsorption increased with increasing temperature. Through the adsorption isotherm of the three dyes, acide green 6B and direct fast yellow RL were according with Langmuir equation, while disperse blue 56 was according with Freundlich equation. The adsorption behavior was an endothermic process. Entropy was increasing during the adsorption. So raising temperature was in favor of adsorption.

结果表明，甲醛环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖对染料具有较强的吸附性能和耐酸性能，在酸性条件下，对酸性绿6B和直接耐晒黄RL的吸附效率达90％以上；拟合甲醛环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖对三种染料的吸附速率曲线，发现该吸附行为符合拟二级吸附速率曲线，其吸附速率常数随温度的升高而增大；通过测定不同温度下甲醛环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖吸附三种染料的吸附等温线表明，甲醛环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖对酸性绿6B和直接耐晒黄RL的吸附符合Langmuir方程，而对分散蓝56的吸附符合Freundlich方程，甲醛环氧氯丙烷交联壳聚糖对染料的吸附是一个吸热过程，吸附后体系熵增加，升温有利于吸附。

In nuclear magnetic resonance system, the interactions between two arbitrary non direct-coupled spins always become very small along with the increasing of their distance. So it is very difficult to realize the information transmission between two non direct-coupled spins.

核磁共振量子计算机在实现多量子位之间的信息传递时，随着量子位的增多，物理距离相距较远的量子位之间的耦合作用会很弱，从而很难在没有耦合的量子位之间直接实现信息的传递。

The mathematical model and working modes of a novel three-phase two-arm three-level neutral-point-clamped pulse width modulation rectifier suitable for direct-driving wind power system are analyzed in detail, and the constant frequency control strategies based on space voltage vectors are proposed and applied to the rectification conversion of direct-driven power generation system.

系统分析了新型三相两桥臂三电平中性点箝位脉宽调制(pulse width modulation，PWM)整流器的数学模型和工作模式，提出了基于空间电压矢量的恒频控制策略，并将其应用于直驱风力发电系统整流变换中。

Wind power generation ; permanent-magnet direct-driven ; uncontrollable rectifier ; Boost chopper ; SPWM inverter ; direct-current control

风力发电；永磁直驱；不控整流；升压斩波； SPWM逆变器；直接电流控制

Different dyeing processes were carried out on polyester-cotton blended fabrics with separated disperse and direct dye ing,and same bath alkaline dyeing with disperse/ direct dye s respectively.

对涤棉混纺织物分别采用分散染料、直接染料染色，以及分散和直接染料碱性同浴染色，测试染色织物的最大吸收波长λm ax和K/S值等指标，以确定涤棉混纺织物用分散和直接染料碱性同浴染色工艺。

I was just taking her hand, to help her out of a car, and I knew it.

我只是握着她的手，扶她下车，但我知道这一切。

China and South Korea have excoriated Japan over its approval of new school books which they say whitewash the atrocities committed during Japanese occupation, and anti-Japanese protests have been held in Chinese cities. The lingering bitterness over Japan's past imperialism still threatens to mar relations between the big East Asian powers

中国和韩国强烈谴责日本通过新的中学历史教科书，他们认为这一教科书掩盖了日本在其占领期间所犯下的残酷暴行，反日抗议活动在中国数座城市发生，历史上日本帝国主义制造的痛楚无法被忘却，这有可能破坏东亚强国间的关系。