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This paper reviews the pathways of ES cells in vitro being committed and differentiated to hematopoietic cells, cardiomyocytes, neural cells, adipocytes, pancreatic islets, endothelial cells, epithelia, osteoblasts, chondroblast and melanocytes.

文章综述了体外定向诱导ES细胞分化为造血细胞、心肌细胞、神经细胞、脂肪细胞、胰岛细胞、内皮细胞、上皮细胞、成骨细胞、软骨细胞和黑素细胞等的途径和方法。

This experiment approach rat-MSCs which are fractional cultivation、generation in vitro, and in Chinese crude drug circumstance to derivationrat-MSCs chondroblast differentiated, to explore the front view ofcartilage coloboma architecture engineering recovery by Chinese crudedrug.

本实验探讨大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞在体外分离培养、增殖，以及在中药环境下诱导向成软骨细胞定向分化，探索软骨缺损组织工程修复中的中药应用前景。

PAI-3 was expressed in the human skin and mainly located in the superficial,more differentiatied layers of the epidermis,and was incorporated into the cornified envelope of terminally differentiated keratiocytes.

1、PAI-3 在人皮肤表皮组织中表达，且主要位于分化程度较高的表皮KC 中，其存在终末分化KCs 角质壳中。

Stratum granulosum: outside the Spinous layer, made up of cells further differentiated to cuticle cells, so it would lose the nucleolus and turn to the enucleated startum lucidum and horny layer after completely cornified to horny layer.

颗粒层：位于棘层之外，是进一步向角质层细胞分化的细胞，因此它起着向角质层完全角化后，便失去细胞核，而转化成无核的透明层和角质层。

PAI-3 was incorporated into the cornified envelope of terminally differentiated keratiocytes.

PAI-3 存在终末分化KCs 角质壳中。

An amount increase ofPAI-3 andK10 was observed after theKCswere cultured for48 h in high calcium medium,butat72 h the exprssion ofPAI-3 decreased. The positive stain ofPAI-3 wasmainly localized in perinuclearmembrane in lowcalcium medium and in cytoplasm in high calcium medium. PAI-3 was incorporated into cornified envelope ofterminally differentiated keratinocytes.

结果 高Ca2+浓度下培养24 h后，分化标记物K10弱阳性表达， PAI-3呈阳性表达；培养48 h后， K10强阳性表达，而PAI-3的阳性表达明显增加， 72 h后，表达开始降低，在低Ca2+浓度下阳性染色主要位于细胞核膜周围而高Ca2+浓度下主要位于细胞质，同时， PAI-3存在终末分化KCs角质壳中。

Esults When MSCs were cultured with HGF, FGF-4 and OSM, cuboidal morphology, which was a characteristic of hepatocytes, was observed, and the differentiated cells also expressed marker genes specific to liver cells in a time-dependent manner.α-fetoprotein was expressed on day 10, and CK18, ALB and TAT were detected on day 20, which was in consistent with the immunofluoresence results.

T-PCR和免疫荧光检测结果显示，AFP在诱导初期表达，在诱导后期表达下降；CK18、ALB和TAT的表达与诱导时间呈线性关系，第20天达到表达高峰；诱导20 d后免疫荧光检测，AFP、CK18、ALB和TAT均为阳性；诱导20 d细胞的PAS糖原合成反应呈阳性，即具备糖原合成和储存的肝细胞特有功能。

Most of the ISDs were very well differentiated and cytologically bland.

绝大多数ISDs分化很好，细胞形态温和。

In order to avoid the shortcomings of cytotrophoblasts from early first trimester or term villous cytotrophoblast, the differentiated RS366. 4 was used as new early cytotrophoblast model.

为避免由早期胚胎标本或胎盘来源的细胞滋养层细胞模型的不足，本实验选用由猕猴RS366.4 ES细胞来源的早期分化滋养层细胞为模型进行研究。

The brain tissue of the different fetal age rat could be cultured into neural stem cells with the most number of cells for 12.5 dags embryo, which furthermore differentiated into neurons and glial cells.

胎龄为12.5天胎鼠大脑皮质培养出的神经干细胞数量最多，可分化为神经元、神经胶质细胞及少突胶质细胞。

He became prime minister in 1997 and won international acclaim for his role in the Northern Ireland peace process.

他在1997年成为总理，并且因为在北爱尔兰的和平进程中发挥的作用受到国际社会的赞许。

Mixed Page Sorting Method Using the cuttable user model, this thesis proposes a mixed page sorting method by using cutted user model in server-side and complete user model in client-side.

隐私分级利用的混合式页面排序方法针对个性化搜索中搜索结果排序的问题，本文利用隐私可控开放的用户偏好模型，提出一个在客户端和服务器端分步进行的隐私分级利用的混合式页面排序方法。