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At the chapters of theory analysis,constitutive equation of dusty is deduced from the results of the experiment and related theories about oblique shock wave.after that relationship of parameters reflecting flow-field characteristic are deduced from theories of shock wave polar .The paper set up conservation equations depicting gas and solid flow-field by double fluid model,thus equations and constitutive equation of granular phase form closed equations.then the paper uses AUSNT vector splitting method to numerically calculate the equations.

理论部分主要包括：利用实验测试结果以及斜激波理论测试出该堆积粉尘的本构方程，然后利用和激波极曲线理论得到反映流场特征参数的变化曲线；本文还利用双流体模型，建立了描述气—固两相流动的守恒型方程组，与本构方程一起构成封闭方程组。

The simulative model of temperature field and stress field in concrete , Heat and moisture coupling、Parallel simulative calculation of concrete with water pipe cooling、 Parallel feedback analysis of thermal characteristic parameters, and stress intensity factor of induced joint, which are the sixty-four-dollar questions, are studied in this dissertation. The main contents of this dissertation are as follows:(1)Based on the past and current research work, the calculation theory of the transient temperature field and creep stress field of mass concrete which self temperature influence is considered is deduced. The couple effect between the temperature field and humidity field of concrete, is considered on the basis of conservation law of water and energy, and the coupled formulation which coefficient is not constant of the heat and moisture in concrete is deduced. The calculation theory and model which is theoretically strict for solution to thermal problem in concrete with water-cooling pipes are recommended.

本文主要针对混凝土的温度场应力场仿真计算模型、热湿耦合、水管冷却问题的并行仿真、混凝土温度参数并行反演分析以及诱导缝应力强度因子计算等混凝土大坝温度应力数值仿真的关键技术进行了较为深入的研究，全文主要内容如下：(1)在现有研究基础上，推导了考虑自身温度影响的混凝土非稳定温度场和徐变应力场的计算理论；基于水分质量守恒和能量守恒原理考虑混凝土温度场和湿度场的耦合作用，推导了混凝土的变系数热湿耦合方程，并建立了相应的计算模型；引用严密的水管冷却混凝土温度场的计算理论和计算模型，比较了两种简化计算方法用于水管冷却混凝土仿真计算的不足。

Fromthese facts,It could be deduced that 8 to 14 pairs of chromosomes possessed a certaindegree of hetorology,which was directly groved to be hybrid origin of P.tomentosaaccording to the good chromosome homology and fertility of P.bolleana and thehybrids of P.tomentosa×P.bolleana,it could be further deduced that the original parentsof P.tomentosa involved probably P.bolleana or P.alba.

从终变期、中期I的染色体构型看，有数目不等的联会程度较差的单价体和棒状二价体出现，在后期I，甚至末期I亦可见到含落后染色体分裂相的细胞，由此推断可能有8~14对染色体表现出一定程度的异源性，鉴于新疆杨以及毛白杨与新疆杨杂交产生的杂种毛新杨的染色体同源性较强、育性较好等现象，进一步推断毛白杨起源亲本可能包括新疆杨或银白杨。

The bifurcation and chaos behavior of impact and rubbing fault rotor system caused by the parameters of nonlinear rigidity, rotor rotating speed, eccentric mass is analyzed, in the numerical value analysis method. The bifurcation diagrams, maximum Lyapunov exponent diagrams, Poincaré maps, phase plane portraits, trajectories of journal center, time-history curve, amplitude spectra diagrams of the rotor motion are used. The convert and evolution course of periodical response, quasi-periodical response, double-periodical bifurcation, chaos of the system response is analyzed.(3). It is deduced that the general differential equation of bending-torsional-pendular coupling vibration about rotor with the gyroscopic moment. On the basis of this equation, the general differential equations of coupled bending, torsional and pendular nonlinear vibration about rotor with unbalance character and rubbing character are deduced.

2建立了具有非线性刚度的转子系统在非稳态非线性油膜力作用下的径向碰摩动力学微分方程，并应用含高阶余项的非线性动力方程的线性化数值法研究了此类系统响应的复杂动力学行为，利用转子响应的分岔图、最大Lyapunov指数曲线、Poincaré截面映射、时域波形、相轨线、轴心轨迹、幅值谱等图形分析了系统响应的周期运动、拟周期运动、倍周期分岔、混沌等运动形式的转化与演变过程，重点研究了非线性刚度、转子转速、偏心质量等系统参数对碰摩故障转子系统的分岔和混沌行为的影响。

Taking velocity moment as controlled variable, the formulas were deduced to calculate quasi-3D inverse problem for uniform stream model of guide pulley. According to the theory of two relative flow surfaces and the force analysis of air bubble, the formulas were deduced to calculate quasi-3D direct problem while gas and liquid running in the guide pulley of multiphase pump, and a method was provided to carry on quasi-3D numerical calculation of inner flow filed.

以速度矩作为控制参数，推导出多相泵导轮中均匀流模型的准三维反问题计算公式；基于两类相对流面理论及气泡的受力分析，推导出气、液两相在多相泵导轮中运动的准三维正问题的计算公式，提出一种对多相泵导轮内流场进行准三维数值计算的方法。

Entropy increase principle in isolated system, which is deduced from the discussion of Clausius entropy and Boltzmann entropy, has further deduced entropy principle in open system as well.

通过对克劳修斯熵、玻耳兹曼熵的讨论，得到熵的本质和孤立系统的熵增加原理，并把孤立系统的熵增加原理推广为开放系统的熵原理。

The results show that:(1) MnO2 deposition on the surface is the main factor resulting in cathode polarization, and the flowing of the solution can remarkably reduce this polarization. Furthermore, the buffered solution can reduce the polarization resulting from H+ concentration difference;(2) it is deduced from the polarization curve that the key factor influencing the performance of MFC is microbial number and metabolic rate and the electron transferring rate from microbial to electrode;(3) the power density arrives at the biggest, 824 mW/m2, when outer resistance is 300 Ω, which is accordance to the inner resistance,(284±18)Ω, deduced from I-V curve;(4) the influences of pH and permanganate concentration on cathode potential is in agreement to Nernst equation.

研究结果显示：(1) MnO2在碳纸表面的沉积是阴极极化的主要原因，而溶液流动可以明显降低极化程度；将高锰酸钾溶解在缓冲溶液中可以进一步降低阴极H+浓差极化；(2)根据极化曲线可以推断，影响电池输出功率的决定性因素应是微生物代谢反应速度和微生物与电极之间的电子传递速率；(3)随外电阻的变化，电池输出功率出现极大值824 mW/m2，相应外电阻为300 Ω左右，这与通过 I-V 关系曲线推导得到的电池内阻(284±18)Ω相吻合；(4) pH值和高锰酸钾浓度对电池阴极电极电势的影响符合Nernst方程。

It was found that the activation energy deduced from the modified Arrhenius equation is a constant independent of temperature.

由修正后的Arrhenius公式计算得到的电导活化能是一个与温度无关的常数。

On the basis of Equivalent Heat Drop Theory of changeful heat quantity, a mathematical description that heating value enters or leaves thermodynamic system by absolute magnitude has been deduced.

在变热量等效热降法理论的基础上，推导出热质进出热力系统的数学描述———纯热量法。

Then considering earth rotation and 6-DOF movement,the expression of absolute velocity and absolute acceleration for vehicle centroid are deduced by using transform of vector derivative.

与陆基固定垂直发射条件不同的是，潜射弹道式飞行器是在运动着的潜艇这样的动基座上进行发射的，为了保持发射时潜艇的可操纵性以及发射后使发射艇尽快离开发射位置，发射艇要有一定的速度。

The system can be widely used in belt weighing and batching process control,etc.

介绍了基于智能模糊控制的嵌入式配料系统的设计方法，对模糊PID控制过程和系统调零作了重点的讨论，同时给出了PID控制的程序流程图和系统定长调零子程序。

"I dunno," she answered,"but if you show me aroun', I'll recognize it from the lighthouse just outside the porthole."

"我不知道，"她回答说，"如果你能带我转转，我能认出来的，因为灯塔就在舷窗外。"