查询词典 crown

The result pointed out that the vertical distribution of foliage for each species was different,however,generally speaking,the foliage in upper crown (0.3CL) for broad-leaved species in natural secondary forest took a small percentage,about 10%;in middle or middle lower of the crown(0.4CL to 0.8CL) the branches here took the majority percentage of whole foliage,almost 60%to 75%;but in lower crown(0.8CL),there was about 10%of whole foliage.(5)The interspecies competition of trees in secondary forest was expressed by Hegyi competitioin index,and the active competitor was calculated by the competition zone radius and the tree position,DBH,and distance in the zone,it was not all competitors in tranditional calculation.The study introduced crown area overlap index to describe the crown competition between subject tree and its competitors,furthermore,the crown area was classified into 5 levels with a method of equal crown projection area,therefor,the resulting crown area overlap index showed more realities of existing stand conditons.(6)Based on the theoretics of multiply divide,the spatial strcture optimizing model of secondary forest stand selective thinning was developed by diversity mingling,aggregation index,competition index and crown area overlap index,also designed 10 constraint conditions which were related to forestry meanings,the objective function was solved by the implicit enumeration method with LINGO 9.0,using 0-1 integer programming.

并且得出，每个树种在树冠内相对高度上的叶量的垂直分布是不同的，天然次生林阔叶树种的叶量在树冠的上部(0.3CL以下)所占比例很小，约占10%左右；在树冠的中部以及中下部(0.4CL～0.8CL)，叶量所占比例最大，几乎集中了整个树冠60%～75%的叶量；而在树冠的下部(0.8CL以下)，几乎占很少的叶量，大约10%左右。5、采用Hegyi竞争指数来表现次生林内林木的竞争关系，并且根据竞争圈的大小和林木在竞争圈内的分布位置、大小与距离来计算有效的竞争木，并不是传统意义上的全部竞争木；本研究提出用树冠叠加指数来表示林木与周围树木的树冠竞争情况，并采用等树冠投影面积法把树冠分为5级，这样计算的树冠叠加指数更加与现实林分相符。6、本研究基于乘除法的思想，用多样性混交度、聚集指数、竞争指数和树冠叠加指数构建了天然次生林择伐空间优化模型，设计了10个与林学意义相一致的约束条件，并采用0-1整数规划的思路，在LINGO9.0软件中使用了隐枚举法对目标函数求得最优解。7、以M702标准地为应用实例，具体计算出了每株采伐木，经过择伐后，目标函数值按模型设计的要求发生了极大的改变，增加了5倍多，说明了最后这个解的优良性，满足了设计的要求。

Branch diameter distributions changed from an abundance of small-diameter branches in the upper-crown, and in the middle-crown, composed with differential branch diameter, but only a few large-diameter branches in the lower-crown. Branch volume generally increased from upper- to lower-crown, and reached a maximum around the crown base. Branch density decreased from upper- to lower-crown.

枝条口径分布，从树冠上层多数的小径枝条至树冠中层转变为含不同口径枝条且变异较大，在树冠下层仅由少数大口径枝条组成；枝条体积则由树冠上层向下层增加，至树冠基部达最大值；而枝条密度则从树冠上层向下层逐渐递减。

The changes of crown form comprise difference branch size for different crown regimes. Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana dominant trees and intermediate trees had a tapering and conical crown form, whereas suppressed trees were flat umbrella crown.

不同冠级扁柏之树冠以枝条的大小差异构成树冠形上的改变，优势木与中势木具尖细圆锥的树冠形态，被压木则呈平顶之伞形树冠。

The results show that rising of groundwater levels after water transportation plays an important role in the decreasing in the crown loss of Populus euphratica, and the crown loss of Populus euphratica gradually increases with increasing distance from the river course. The trees crown loss was less than 10%, which mainly was distributed within 100 metres to each side from the river course. The proportion of crown loss of overmature and effete forests were 50%-75% within 200 to 400 metres.

应急生态输水后地下水位的抬升对胡杨树冠疏失度的降低产生一定的作用；总体上，胡杨的树冠疏失度随着离河道距离的增加逐步增大，而且离河道越远，疏失度增加的程度就越大；树冠疏失度小于10%的旺盛胡杨主要分布在离河道100m之内，其中多以疏失度少于50%的长势较好的胡杨为主。

According to differences among these groups, for est potential fire behavior in Qinling mountains crown fires can be divided into strong crown fire type, weak crown fire type and no crown fire type based on th e maximum crow density of easily burning layers, separated by indices D 0.11 kg/m3 and 0.37kg/m3 respectively; the intensity of surface fire can be d etermined by the μ and W factors and be divided into 3 classes, the str ong surface fire and the medium surface fire, separated by indices W 1.40k g/m2 and indices μ 40%respectively.

据类间 差异性将秦岭森林潜在树冠火行为分为强度树冠火、弱度树冠火和无树冠火3种类型，划分依据为冠层易燃物最大密度，区分指标分别为0.11kg/m3和0.37kg/m3；地表火强度划分应用μ和W双因素判断法，并将其划分为强度地表火、中度地表火和弱度地表火3 种类型，其区分指标分别为地表可燃物载量1.40kg/m2和地表可燃物绝对含水率40%。

Larches of different ages have different net photosynthetic rate: the photosynthetic capacity of the young ones are bigger than that of the old ones; the stand density do not affect the net photosynthetic rate obviously; as far as the different stand classes are concerned, the diurnal changes of net photosynthetic rate is closely related to the photosynthetic active radiation. For the different layers of the crowns, there are greater ecological factors (illumination intensity, temperature, humidity etc.) on the upper layers than on the lower layers: the CO2 concentration of the lower layers is greater than that of the upper layers, which is indeed an exception; the net photosynthetic rate on the upper layers of the crown is generally greater than that of the lower layers. It showed that the CO2 concentration is not a main factor in the natural changing range of the CO2 concentration. Different directions of the crown have different photosynthetic active radiation, which is generally like exposed to the sun﹥North﹥in the shade of crown. However, the changes of net photosynthetic rate are not quite the same, which is North﹥exposed to the sun﹥in the shade of crown.

不同年龄的兴安落叶松净光合速率不同，年龄小的个体光合能力高于年龄大的个体；群团密度与净光合速率没有显著的相关关系；而对不同分级木，净光合速率日进程变化规律与光合有效辐射有着密切的联系；林内树冠不同层次各生态因子有上层大于下层的趋势，而CO2浓度在下层的含量高于上层，净光合速率上层普遍大于下层，说明在林内自然CO2浓度变幅内，CO2浓度不是主要因子；兴安落叶松树冠不同方向的光合有效辐射不同，一般向阳﹥北向﹥背阴，而净光合速率变化有北向﹥向阳﹥背阴的趋势。

Colony Armorial Bearings to the top of a monarch-like crown, a crown on top are trimmed with two diamonds of the crown of the Indian chiefs.

盾徽上端为一顶君主式的王冠，王冠之上是一顶镶着两颗钻石的印第安酋长的王冠。

The height of tree crown and 8 crown breadths in 8 equal-division places vertically were employed to describe the shape of tree crown.

用树冠的高度及对应树冠高度方向8个位置的冠幅等9个数值表示树冠的形状特征。

Finally it analyzes the feasibility that using hydromechanics to analyze traffic flow by contrasting various characters between traffic flow and fluid flow. It analyzes influence of road alignment to basic expressway segment capacity by hydromechanics, and obtains viscous resistance and viscous movement differential equation when the vehicle drives on circular curve segment of expressway. And it infers that viscous resistance is correlated with sideway force coefficient, slope of crown and radius of circular curve. Radius of circular curve, sideway force coefficient and slope of crown are bigger, viscous resistance is smaller, the influence to capacity is smaller when the vehicle is running on nearside lane of circular curve; but radius of circular curve and sideway force coefficient are bigger, slope of crown is smaller, viscous resistance is smaller, the influence to capacity is smaller when the vehicle is running on fast lane of circular curve.

最后通过对比交通流与流体流的相似性，运用流体力学分析了道路线形对快速路基本路段通行能力的影响，求出了车辆在曲线路段的粘性阻力，建立了车辆在曲线路段的粘性运动微分方程，并由此推知，粘性阻力与横向力系数、路拱横坡度和圆曲线半径都有关系，当车辆在圆曲线外侧车道上行驶时，圆曲线半径、横向力系数和路拱横坡度越大，粘性阻力就越小，对道路的通行能力影响就越小；而当车辆在圆曲线内侧车道上行驶时，圆曲线半径和横向力系数越大，路拱横坡度越小，粘性阻力就越小，对道路的通行能力影响就越小。

Early Toyota Crown, optical crown, crown car reputable, recent Cressida, Lexus luxury cars are also of great renown.

早期的丰田牌、皇冠、光冠、花冠汽车名噪一时，近来的克雷西达、凌志豪华汽车也极负盛名。

In the chapter 2, the theoretic knowledge about the photosensitive resin and the grinding tools was firstly introduced.

第二章阐述了光固化树脂结合剂磨具的相关理论研究。

Do not use the program's indenting or margin-setting features; these will be added during typesetting.

不要使用缩排，页面边缘设置之类的选项，偶看不大懂。