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With the establishmentof the equivalent medium model, RTM-DRE was applied to study radiative transfer intransparent medium with scattering particles. By taking into account of absorption andscatter of particles, absorption of binder and reflection of interface, the apparent spectrumabsorption model of thermal control coatings was developed by RTM-DRE combined withMies theory. Validity, computational error and time of the model were validated andanalyzed. Furthermore, the apparent spectrum absorption characteristics of thermal controlcoatings were studied, and the influences of optical characteristics of binder and particles,volume fraction of particles, particles diameter, characteristics of interface, and incidentangle of irradiance were analyzed.

采用RTM-DRE研究热控涂层内辐射传递，结合Mie氏散射理论，考虑粒子吸收与散射、基料吸收、界面反射等因素影响，建立热控涂层表观光谱吸收率计算模型，验证计算模型的正确性，分析计算模型的计算误差与计算时间；在此基础上，通过计算热控涂层表观光谱吸收率来研究热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性，分析基料与粒子光学特性、粒子体积份额、粒径、界面反射特性、辐射能量入射角等因素的影响，初步研究空间环境因素对热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性的影响，采用系统灵敏度理论定量分析热控涂层表观光谱吸收特性变化对卫星温度的影响。

With the accelerative growth of high-performance computers, a great progress of computational electromagnetics has been recently achieved.

随着电磁理论的发展和计算机性能的不断提高，计算电磁学在最近几年得到了长足的发展。

With the accelerative growth of high-performance computers, computational electromagnetics made and is still making substantial progress.

随着电磁理论的发展和计算机性能的不断提高，计算电磁学在最近几年得到了长足的发展。

Subjects including Fire Engineering and Safety Engineering such as Fire Dynamics;Computational Fire Modelling for Building Design; Fire Engineering System; Legislation Aspects of Fire Safety Management; Design Considerations for Fire Safety Management; Safety Aspects in Construction; Occupational Health and Ergonomics; Accident Prevention,Hazard Assessment and Control; and Safety Management Systems and Safety Auditing should be offered.

论述了在香港提供消防与安全工程研究生教育的必要性，为了培养高质量人才，消防与安全工程高等教育的科目应当包括消防工程学和安全工程学，用于建筑设计的计算机火灾模拟，消防工程系统，火灾安全管理立法因素，用于火灾安全管理的设计事项，建造的安全因素，职业安全和人类工程学，事故防范、危害评估和控制，安全管理系统和安全审核。

Computational results can be extracted from an accumulator at any time.

计算的结果可以在任何时候从累加器上取出。

Perhaps it is time for the ACM to take the lead in this matter for the design of computational systems.

也许现在是ACM在这一方面带头在计算也许现在是ACM在这一方面带头在计算机系统设计方面采取措施的时候了。

The reaction process in methanol solvent can be deduced from the computational results with CPCM solvent model and the supermolecular handling, namely the reaction involves four steps in the methanol solvent. The nucleophilic addition of trimethylamine to acraldehyde generates an enolate. Nucleophilic attack of the enolate on the aldehyde forms the carbon-carbon bond, followed by the proton-transfer process and the further elimination generating the product and liberating the trimethylamine catalyst.

对于CH3OH对反应体系的影响，可以综合考虑CPCM溶剂模型及超分子模型下的研究结果，即CH3OH溶剂中反应按四步进行，催化剂三甲胺首先与丙烯醛发生亲核加成，生成的两性离子中间体与甲醛发生类似于Aldol的醛醇缩合，形成碳-碳键，之后发生分子内质子转移，最后经E1cb消除得到产物，并释放催化剂三甲胺。

The meaning of body physiological cycle and its computational method was introduced and the influence of driver s physiological cycle affecting driving action was analyzed in this paper.

介绍人体生理周期的含义及计算方法，分析了驾驶员生理周期对其驾驶行为的影响，运用SPSS软件对具体实例进行了统计分析，验证了这种影响的存在及其普遍规律，提出了运用驾驶员生理周期进行交通管理和控制的相应建议。

The Frechet derivative of the cost function is determined via the solution of an adjoint partial differential equation, and the boundary shape is then modified in a direction of descent. This process is repeated until an optimum solution is approached. The advantage is that the cost function variation is independent of the flow field variation, with the result that the gradient of cost function with respect to arbitrary number of design variables can be determined without the need for additional flow-field evaluations. So each design cycle requires the numerical solution of both the flow and the adjoint equations leading to a computational cost roughly equal to the cost of two flow solutions.

虽然他们的研究成果大多数都可以在公开性文献上看到，但是其中一些具体的细节问题的处理方法却没有透露，比如：伴随方程如何离散求解才能减小最终梯度计算中的误差，使得设计过程有效地进行；伴随方程与流动方程的边界条件是不同的，如何合理地处理伴随方程的边界条件，才能推动设计过程朝着设计目标而发展；在减阻问题中目标函数如何定义，求解梯度的具体数学公式如何推导，如何通过数值方法来实现它们等。

However, the wide application of this method has been limited due to its large computational cost caused by the use of adjoint technique in its solution.

然而，由于以往CNOP的求解需要采用伴随技术，计算量相当巨大，限制了该方法的推广应用。

Objective:To compare the response control and attention of Schizophrenic patients with that of the healthy controls by Integrated Visual and Auditorycontinuous performance test. To quantitate the impairment of cognitive function in patients, and to explore the relationship between cognitive function and the severity of the disorder.

目的：探讨精神分裂症病人在IVA持续操作测试中的反应控制能力、注意力等，并与健康人进行比较，从而量化精神分裂症病人的认知功能损害，并进一步探讨其认知功能与疾病严重程度的关系。

Main effective factors including subcooling degree, mechanical vibration, gas hydrate reformation, environment temperature, noncondensing gas and surfactant are analyzed.

指出过冷度、机械振动、重复生成水合物、环境温度、不凝性气体、添加剂是影响气体水合物生成的主要因素，还对R152a水合物的放冷进行了实验研究。