查询词典 cluster sampling

This paper make a general analyze of the SMES Cluster, define the conception of SMES Cluster, the forming of SMES Cluster and the basic types of SMES Cluster, study the important function of the SMES Cluster to the country, the district and the enterprises selves.Second, this paper research comparatively of three different international SMES Cluster cases and three different domestic SMES Cluster cases. Three different international SMES Clusters include the Italianism SMES Cluster, the Croatia SMES Cluster and the SMES Cluster which are formed by the multinational corporations" investment. Three different domestic SMES Clusters include the Zhejiang province SMES Cluster, Shandong province SMES Cluster and the Zhongguancun SMES Cluster.Finally, on the basic of analysis in cases, according to the current situation of Jiangsu and analysis of cluster development condition of SMES, explore the SMES Cluster development mode and pattern in Jiangsu. The main types of SMES Cluster in Jiangsu include Spontaneous growing up type, enterprise"s expanding type, market driving type, urging type of science and technology, and driving type of the foreign capitals.

本文通过对中小企业集群的一般分析，界定中小企业集群的概念、形成、基本类型以及中小企业集群对国家、对区域、对企业本身的重要作用；其次，对国外三种不同类型的中小企业集群(意大利式中小企业集群、克罗地亚造船厂式中小企业集群、跨国公司投资形成的中小企业集群)和国内三个不同地区的中小企业集群(浙江省中小企业集群、山东省中小企业集群、中关村中小企业集群)的案例进行比较分析研究；最后，在案例分析的基础之上，根据江苏的现状以及中小企业集群发展条件的分析，探索江苏集群发展的模式和格局，江苏的中小企业的发展模式主要有自发成长型、企业扩张型、市场带动型、科技驱动型、外资带动型。

The following is the research frame of this dissertation:Chapter one: Introduce background, research significance, research object, research contents and methods of this dissertation; review the history of clusters theoretical research in detail; dissertate main research dynamic status of domestic and international;Chapter two: Through explain theoretical foundation of cluster research, it defines and demarcates clusters, introduces the concept of private enterprises" cluster on this basis, and summarizes current situation of Quanzhou private enterprises" cluster;Chapter three: Propose the concept of cluster competitiveness, collect and analysis those factors which influence cluster competitiveness, and set up an appraisal system of private enterprises" cluster competitiveness;Chapter four: Define developing stages of private enterprises" cluster with clusters" dominance competitiveness, analysis characteristic and law of private enterprises" cluster in different life cycle, give out strategic countermeasures separately which promote cluster competitiveness in different stage;Chapter five: On the basis chapter three and chapter four, propose what we can use cluster strategic planning to promote Quanzhou cluster competitiveness; and recommend thought of cluster strategic planning;Chapter six: Introduce the case of Quanzhou sports shoes cluster, use competitiveness appraise system and life cycle theory for empirical analysis, and put forward detailed countermeasure that can promote cluster competitiveness;Conclusion: Summarize the research of full dissertation, and point out some weaknesses of this dissertation.

本文的研究框架如下：第一章：介绍本文选题的背景、研究意义、研究对象、内容与方法，并详细论述集群理论研究的历史回顾及当前国内外主要研究动态；第二章：通过阐述产业集群研究的理论基础，定义及界定产业集群，在此基础上引入民营企业产业集群的概念，并归纳总结了泉州市民营企业产业集群的现状；第三章：提出产业集群竞争力的概念，对影响集群竞争力的因素进行分析，初步建立一套民营企业产业集群竞争力的评价体系；第四章：应用集群显性竞争力来界定民营企业产业集群发展的生命周期阶段，并分析民营企业产业集群在各个不同生命周期阶段呈现的特征及规律，分别给出在不同阶段提升集群竞争力的战略对策；第五章：在第三、四章的基础上提出应用产业集群战略规划来提升泉州民营企业产业集群的竞争力，并介绍了集群战略规划的思路；第六章：引入泉州运动鞋产业集群的案例，应用本文构建的集群竞争力评价体系及生命周期理论进行实证分析，并提出提升该集群竞争力的详细对策；结论：总结全文的研究，并指出本论文研究的一些不足之处。

Firstly,the sampling design has great impact on the accuracy of remote sensing classification.There exists great randomicity on the result of points and cluster sample verification on the different Sampling design.On the same sampling design,the stability of point sample verification is higher than that of Cluster sample verification.Secondly,the average accuracy of different sampling designs of multi-point and multi-cluster sample verification can reflect the accuracy characteristic.During the course of point sample verification,stratified sampling's error is lower than others'.During the course of cluster sample verification,systematic sampling and stratified sampling's accuracy are prior to simple random sampling's.

研究结果表明：（1）抽样方式对遥感分类精度评价结果的影响是客观存在的，不同抽样方式下的点样本和群样本检验结果都存在一定的随机性，但同一种抽样方式下，点样本检验精度评估结果的波动幅度小于群样本检验，稳定性比群样本检验要好；（2）不同抽样方式下的多次点样本和群样本检验的平均精度检验结果基本上都能够反映分类图像的精度特征，其中，点样本检验中，分层随机抽样点样本检验效果较好；群样本检验中，系统抽样群样本检验和分层随机抽样群样本检验的效果优于简单随机抽样群样本检验。

Excepting the conventional methods of surveying samples, such as simple random sampling, stratified sampling, cluster sampling, systematic sampling, liner regression sampling, ratio estimator, two-stage sampling, double sampling, rotate sampling, non-probability sampling, there is sequential sampling and mark-recapture, particularly mark-recapture was introduced in detail.

针对生物资源的调查，除了一般抽样方法如：简单随机抽样、分层抽样、整群抽样、系统抽样、双重抽样、二阶抽样、样本轮换、比率估计、线性回归抽样和不等概抽样，还有序贯抽样和标记-重捕获方法，这里特别详细介绍了标记-重捕获方法。

In GORP, gateways share part of the work of cluster-heads for maintaining routing and transmitting data. In this way, the burden of cluster-heads was reduced and cluster-heads were no longer the bottleneck of the network. When the merging of clusters occurs, which is caused by the moving of a cluster-head to the range of another cluster-head, the moving cluster-head should be set as an ordinary node, and the original still cluster-head as the cluster-head of the new cluster.

在该协议中，网关在路由维护与数据传送中分担群首的部分工作，以降低群首的负担，使得群首不再成为整个网络的瓶颈；当群首移动导致群合并时，让运动群首作为第二个群的普通成员，原来静止的群首担任新群的群首，最大限度保证群的稳定性。

In GORP, gateways share part of the work of clusterheads for maintaining routing and transmitting data. In this way,the burden of cluster-heads was reduced and cluster-heads were no longer the bottleneck of the network. When the merging of clusters occurs, which is caused by the moving of a cluster-head to the range of another cluster-head, the moving cluster-head should be set as an ordinary node, and the original still cluster-head as the cluster-head of the new cluster.

在该协议中，网关在路由维护与数据传送中分担群首的部分工作，以降低群首的负担，使得群首不再成为整个网络的瓶颈；当群首移动导致群合并时，让运动群首作为第二个群的普通成员，原来静止的群首担任新群的群首，最大限度保证群的稳定性。

Via study earnestly overseas and domestic theory literature about urbanization, cluster of small-and-medium-sized enterprises and the relativity between both, the author has primarily hold the coupling and acting each other internality mechanism which between cluster of small-and-medium-sized enterprises and urbanization, and think urbanization effect is the common essence characteristic of urbanization and cluster of enterprises; cluster of enterprises is the economy support of urbanization, the enterprise clusters in special area is the internal restrict condition of the town bringing and outspreading, whereas, cluster of enterprises is the precondition and condition of population cluster; Urbanization is the effective carrier and space support, which offer effective drive and condition to the formation and development of enterprise cluster.

在对国内外城镇化、中小企业集群及二者相关性等方面的理论文献进行认真研究的基础上，本文初步掌握了中小企业集群与城镇化之间耦合互动的内在机理：集聚效应是城镇化与企业集群共同的本质特征；企业集群是城镇化的经济支撑，企业在特定区域的集聚是城镇产生与扩张的内在约束条件，而人口的集聚又以企业集聚为前提和条件；城镇化是企业集聚的有效载体和空间依托，为企业集群的形成与发展提供有效的动力和条件。

Cluster sampling: When the basic sampling unit in the population is to be found in groups or cluster s the sampling is sometimes carried out by selecting a sample of cluster s and observing all the members of each selected cluster .

整群抽样：一种抽样方法。当母体中的基本抽样单位是按群、组分类时，有时抽样方式是选择一类样本群组，然后对被选择的群组中的每一个样本单位的全体成员进行观察。

First, from the point of view of production and management, the importance for developing TTU is pointed out.the status in quo of technology,The direction of progress,The demand of practical and fundamentality in Distribution Automation are analyzed for Transformer Terminal Unit. The function of equipment and technical specification which meet demand of practical duty are indicated; Second, the scheme of synchronous sampling,quasi-synchronous sampling,non-integer cycle sampling,nonsynchronous sampling and algorithm are analyzed in detail. Then,the scheme of nonsynchronous sampling and multi-chunnel is ascertained. Moreover, the method of disposal sampling data for increasing precision which calculate the number of sampling per cycle dramatic by searching zero is introduced. The technique for analyzing data,stating data,storage data for Electrical Power Quality and control scheme for compensation capacitor are explained also. Finally, The scheme and structure of hardware,key circuitry using 80C196 singlechip,the scheme and ideology of software and flow chart of part software is introduced simply.

文中首先从电力生产、管理角度出发，指出了研制配变监测终端的重要意义，分析了配变监测终端的技术现状、发展趋势、现场需求以及在配网自动化中的基础地位，提出了满足实际运行要求的装置功能、技术要求；然后对目前常用的同步采样、准同步采样、非整周期采样、非同步采样的方案和算法进行了详细的分析、比较、筛选，确定了非同步采样和顺序采样的方案，并提出了一种寻找过零点从而动态计算每周采样点数的提高精度的采样数据处理方法，文中对装置中电能质量分析、统计、存储的方法以及补偿电容器的控制方案和投切原则也做了重点说明；最后，对应用80C196单片机系统研制的装置的硬件方案、结构以及关键电路和软件设计思路、方案、部分主要软件模块的流程图做了介绍。

The third chapter aims to discuss the self-organization essence, self-organization growth mechanism, the pattern of self-organization evolving growth.The fourth chapter aims to discuss particularly the correlative mechanism between clusters dynamic core capacity and clusters sustainable growth, and the obtaining of cluster sustainable competitive advantage basede on dynamic core capacity and the fostering and newing of cluster dynamic core capacity based on discussing the rigid competitive advantage. The fifth chapter aims to explain the effecting mechanism of government influencing cluster self-organization-evolvement and the fostering and upgrading of cluster dynamic capacity based on the theory gist of government surpports .The sixth chapter aims to analyse the High-tech industrial clusters of Silicon Valley in American and Low piezoelectricity cluster of Liu shi in zhengjiang province and explains to how self-organization , dynamic core capacity and government surpports effect industrial clusters sustainable gowth.The dissertation's main innovation lies in the following :mechanism model of cluster sustainable growth is constructed under dynamic environment based on self-organization theory and dynamic core capacity theory .

本文共分6章，第1章主要阐述本论文的研究背景、研究问题和研究意义，综述相关的国内外文献，并提出本论文的研究逻辑思路、研究方法和主要内容；第2章在对产业集群本质再认识和集群持续成长内涵分析的基础上，从自组织理论和动态核心能力理论视角，构建了动态环境下集群持续成长机制的概念模型；第3章主要探讨了集群持续成长的自组织本质、自组织成长机理和自组织演化成长模式；第4章在分析集群竞争优势刚性的基础上，提出集群动态核心能力的概念，分析了集群动态核心能力的构成要素及其对集群持续成长的作用机制，探讨了集群动态核心能力的演进与产业集群持续成长的关联机理，并进一步探讨基于集群动态核心能力集群持续竞争优势的获取问题，最后是关于集群动态核心能力的培育与更新的探讨；第5章在论述政府对集群支持的理论依据的基础上，分别探讨了政府对集群自组织演进和对集群动态核心能力的培育和提升的作用机制；第6章实例研究，论文选取了美国硅谷高科技产业集群和浙江柳市低压电器产业集群进行实例分析，研究了自组织、动态核心能力和政府支持三大机制在集群持续成长过程中的作用。

Many will continue to choose to live in duality and in conflict.

许多人将继续选择活在二元对立性和冲突中。

I find that students of the University of Physical Education all wear sportswear at first sight.

我发现：体育大学的学生乍一看，都是穿运动衣，大家都一样