查询词典 circle geometry

Thus, evaluation of the minimum zone circle could be solved effectively.Three methods of assessment of roundness error were proposed in this dissertation. Based on the criteria of the minimum zone circle, minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle and convex hull, a unified approach was proposed to evaluate roundness error of the minimum zone circle, minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle. Evaluation of the minimum zone circle, minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle was fulfilled with rotation based the contact pattern. The minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle were evaluated with curvature and the curvature circle.

本文提出了三种圆度误差评定的方法：根据最小区域圆、最小外接圆、最大内接圆在极坐标系下的判别准则，利用计算几何中的凸壳理论，提出了一种统一的评定方法，实现了对最小区域圆、最小外接圆、最大内接圆的误差评定；基于接触斑点的检验原理，利用旋转法，实现了最小区域圆、最小外接圆和最大内接圆的误差评定；利用曲率和曲率圆，实现了对最小外接圆和最大内接圆的误差评定。

First, this article introduced 2 grade of rotary kiln principle of work and the equipment, to rolled the circle mechanics behavior to carry on the analysis, proposed - rolled the circle - under roller's rotary kiln overall modelling based on the tube body - kiln liner - big tooth ring, to rolled the circle - under roller's contact stress to carry on the finite element analysis the method, and obtained rolled the circle contact stress the size and the distribution rule, finally indicated that rolled the circle contact stress mainly to have two main peak values and the sudden change in one week, appeared is rolling the circle and the under roller contact area; Then, rolls the circle the stress to regard as is the principal stress unknown plane stress test, the use quite mature modern test technology, proposed rolls the circle stress test the principle and the plan, and to rolled the circle the stress to carry on the scene test, the stress which the scene test analysis result and the finite element analysis calculated has compared, had proven the whole method modelling's finite element analysis method's rationality and rolled the circle - under roller contact stress the result accuracy; Finally, uses ANSYS APDL the re-development technology, in view of 2 grades of rotary kilns, rolled the circle - under roller contact stress the overall finite element analytic method to carry on the re-development.

首先，本文介绍了2档回转窑工作原理和装置，对滚圈的力学行为进行了分析，提出了基于筒体-窑衬-大齿圈-滚圈-托轮的回转窑整体建模，对滚圈-托轮的接触应力进行有限元分析的方法，并得到了滚圈接触应力的大小和分布规律，结果表明滚圈接触应力在一周内主要存在两个主要的峰值和突变，都出现在滚圈与托轮接触区域；然后，把滚圈的受力看成是主应力未知的平面应力的测试，利用比较成熟的现代测试技术，提出了滚圈应力测试的原理和方案，并对滚圈的应力进行了现场测试，现场测试分析结果与有限元分析计算出的应力相比较，证明了整体法建模的有限元分析方法的合理性和滚圈-托轮接触应力的结果的正确性；最后，利用ANSYS的APDL的二次开发技术，针对2档回转窑，就滚圈-托轮接触应力的整体有限元分析法进行了二次开发。

On the base of these, and the ideas of mathematical curriculum reform and the course of the reform of solid geometry, combining with educational reality and students" psychology, put forward some thoughts about solid geometry of middle school in future:(1) The arrangement of curriculum content should. give consideration to both the logical sequence of knowledge and the development of students" psychology, and make them united;(2) Paying great attention to the analogy of plane geometry and solid geometry;(3) Some respects remained to be strengthened about solid geometry in senior middle school;(4) Emphasizing the importance of conversion in solid geometry;(5) Stressing on the combination of solid geometry and algebra and other subjects;(6) The design of the content of solid geometry should have certain elasticity, and make solid geometry and modern education technology well combined.

在此基础上，又植根于近年来我国数学课程改革的理念和立体几何课程改革的进展，并结合我国的教育实际与学生心理，对未来中学立体几何课程的设胃提出若干思考：(1)课程内容的编排，要兼顾知识的逻辑顺序和学尘的心理发展相统一；(2)重视平面几何和立体几何的类比；(3)高中阶段立体几何有待加强的几个方面；(4)强调变换在立体几何中的重要性；(5)注意将立体几何和代数及其他学科相结合；(6)立体几何内容的设计要有一定的弹性，并注意与现代教育技术相结合。

As we all known, with the founding of Euclidean geometry in ancient Greece, with the development of analytic geometry and other kinds of geometries, with F.Kline" s Erlanger program in 1872 and the new developments of geometry in 20th century such as topology and so on, man has developed their understand of geometry. On the other hand, Euclid formed geometry as a deductive system by using axiomatic theory for the first time. The content and method of geometry have dramatically changed, but the geometry curriculum has not changed correspondingly until the first strike from Kline and Perry" s appealing.

纵观几何学发展的历史，可以称得上波澜壮阔：一方面，从古希腊时代的欧氏综合几何，到近代解析几何等多种几何的发展，以及用变换的方法处理几何的埃尔朗根纲领，到20世纪拓扑学、高维空间理论等几何学的新发展，这一切都在不断丰富人们对几何学的认识；另一方面，从欧几里得第一次使用公理化方法把几何学组织成一个逻辑演绎体系，到罗巴切夫斯基非欧几何的发现，以及希尔伯特形式公理体系的建立，极大地发展了公理化思想方法，不管是几何学的内容还是方法都发生了质的飞跃。

During the course of the well-known "new mathematics" campaign, the status of Euclidean geometry was completely overthrown in I960" s. After deeply thought of "new mathematics", the standpoint that geometry curriculum should reflect the content and method of modern geometry and be in touch with the student" s real life was agreed on. Other countries have tried some significant attempts. We can find from some geometry textbooks that the methods of transform and vector have appeared as a normal part. Simultaneous, not only the new developments of geometry such as Topology have been referred , but also the connection between geometry and practice has been strengthened.In China, geometry curriculum is also in the during of innovation.

而学校几何课程在二千年的时间里一直没有多大的变化，直到二十世纪初"克莱因—培利运动"的第一次冲击，到60年代"新数学"运动的全盘改革，以及之后的深入反思，中学几何课程要反映现代几何学的内容和方法以及紧密联系于实践的观点已经受到普遍的重视，国外的几何课程已经在这方面做了不少有意义的尝试，从国外的一些几何教材中可以发现：变换、向量等工具已经作为正式的内容进入几何教学，拓扑学等几何的新发展也开始在教材中有所体现；几何课程与实践之间的联系更是在很大程度上得以加强。

The relationship between the minimum zone circle, minimum circumscribed circle and maximum inscribed circle was studied. Based on their relationship, the minimum zone circle and minimum circumscribed circle, maximum inscribed circle were transformed mutually.

本文研究了最小区域圆与最小外接圆、最大内接圆特征点的相互关系，实现了最小区域圆与最小外接圆、最大内接圆的相互转化，可有效解决最小区域圆的误差评定。

Yangtze Delta Urban Economic Circle, Zhujiang Delta Urban Economic Circle, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Economic Circle, Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Economic Circle, and Wuhan Urban Economic Circle are five important urban economic circles, among which, four economic circles except Wuhan Urban Economic Circle have club convergence phenomenon and this club convergence is greatly related to industrialization degree, inner economic structure and innovative ability of the five economic circles.

长江三角洲城市圈、珠江三角洲城市圈、京津冀城市圈、成渝城市圈、武汉城市圈是我国五个重要的城市圈；其中，除武汉城市圈外其他四个城市圈均存在不同程度的俱乐部趋同，而且这种趋同和五大城市圈的工业化程度、内部经济结构及创新能力有很大关系。

December 12, 2006 in Yanglin in support of the main ring began to run, followed by Circle in the sharp group blog Management Forum team support, advice and help, in the high mountains on being aware of small, Taoyuan Daisen, high quality, such as Cong-jie joined the circle of the Lord, in the main consisting of classic circle the tireless efforts of the management team, we were sharp double blog and Sina blog circle circle of outstanding performance -82 million in the 620,000 rise blog circle

去年的今日，在和群体文化交流的基础上，我们从横向的博圈交流向跨越网站的博客文化传播领域延伸，我和一群不怕争议不畏艰难的创新者大胆的尝试着，并以身体力行的榜样作用协同团队成功的组织了以下活动

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This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component. For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper. For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space state informatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision. Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为（n-1）维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料（单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待）、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

What was it that made you want to change sider ?

是什么使你临阵倒戈？

I don't know what he wants, but let's play along with him.

我不知道他要干什么，可我