查询词典 chapter

Darwin discussed about some anomalous forms in fresh water basins, which belong to the remnants of some interesting orders. Because these anomalous forms exhibit the anomaly of geographical distribution e.g. Ganoid fishes, or morphological anomaly such as Ornithorhynchus and Lepidosiren , they may be called living fossils. It is believed that Darwin presented the facts of the above anomalous forms, and used the term "living fossil" in order to further illustrate the subject of "Circumstances Favorable for the Production of New Forms Through Natural Selection" in Chapter IV. The term "living fossil" appears on page 486 again in the last Chapter, i.e. Chapter XIV "Recapitulation and Conclusion", where Darwin emphasized the significance of so-called "living fossils".

第一次在该书第四章"自然选择"（第107页）：为了在该章深刻阐述"通过自然选择产生生物新类型的有利条件"这一主题，达尔文谈到了淡水流域中残存着地理分布或形态上很异常的一些生物，如：硬鳞鱼、鸭嘴兽和美洲肺鱼，可以称之为"活化石"；第二次是在该书最后一章"复述与结论"（第486页），达尔文对"活化石"的作用进行了小结。

Part Ⅰ deals with the foundmental theory of variational technique in the lossy electromagnetic fields. In chapter two and three the Green theorem is introduced so the unified method to derive functional is given. Chapter four is devoted to discuss two type of inner product. In chapter five the generialized least function theorem is given and applied in the derivation of variational expressions.

第一篇主要是关于有耗电磁变分的基础理论，由四章组成，前二章引入了以Green定理为核心的边值问题理论，建立了电磁变分的普遍理论，第四章从对称的观点出发讨论了建立泛函的两种内积形式，第五章给出了一般电磁场的广义最小作用量原理，并用之解决变分问题。

Thisarticle attempts to study the formation, characteristics and humanistic implications ofChinese hymnody in three chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the formation anddevelopment of Chinese hymnody from the political, religious, and culturalperspectives. Chapter 2 analyzes the various features of Chinese hymnody anddemonstrates that Chinese hymnody is a synthesis of Chinese and western culture andmusic. Chapter 3 explains the value, significance and influence of Chinese hymnodytoday from cultural, progressive, and aesthetic perspectives.

第一章简介了中国基督教圣诗音乐生成的政治及宗教文化背景，指出其对中国基督教圣诗音乐的作用与影响，并梳理了中国基督教圣诗音乐本色化发展概况；第二章论述了中国基督教圣诗音乐的多样性及崇拜性表现特征，从词曲的来源、和声的民族化及在崇拜中的表现特征分析中国基督教圣诗音乐中西融汇的多元特征；第三章是从人文角度对中国基督教圣诗音乐的透视，从其文化内涵、现代性变迁及审美取向来三个方面阐明了中国基督教圣诗音乐在当代的价值、意义及影响。

The general development on direct current tuning-speed system is introduced in the first chapter briefly; form chapter 2 to chapter 5, the hardware design and calculation of the system are discussed indetail.

本文第一章简要介绍了直流调速系统的一般发展状况；从第二章到第五章讨论了系统硬件设计与计算；第六章给出了系统软件设计及流程图；最后一章对该调速系统的优缺点进行了总结。

In Chapter2 and Chapter 3, the writer introduces the basic principles of the above-mentioned four modules, simulates and demonstrates the four function modules respectively with accordance to certain parameter, and concludes the simulation result. In the fourth chapter we discussed methods of compiling ADSP assembly files and LDF files, described an actual example detailedly. And finally in Chapter 5, the realization of signal processing system is detailed described. The writer also introduces the concerning system frame, program flowchart and the experiment result according to the general indicatrix.

文章首先在第二、三章详细叙述了各模块的基本原理，按一定的参数对各功能模块进行了方案论证及仿真，并给出了仿真结果；在第四章介绍了ADSP 芯片的集成开发环境――VisualDSP++3.0 和软件开发流程，详述了具体的汇编程序实例；最后在第五章叙述了信号处理机的具体实现，按总体指标给出了相应的实现框图、程序流程图以及试验结果。

Not considering the restriction of the depot s transporting ability in the existing achievement of emergency dispatch, consequently, this chapter establishes a sole-resource optimized dispatch model aimed at "the shortest dispatch time" which includes the constraint of transporting ability under time restriction firstly. Moreover, the chapter deduces the algorithm of the model by mathematical induction step by step. Secondl y, it simplifies the former model and gives a simpler sole-objective model and corresponding algorithm including the constraint of transporting ability. At last, on the basis of the improved model, this chapter discusses a two-phase programming model and a multi-objective programming model which are aimed at "the shortest dispatch time" and "the fewest number of mobilized depots" including the constraint of transporting ability under time restriction.

由于现有应急调运的研究成果中没有考虑到各物资供应点受运输能力的约束，因此本章首先建立限制期内以"应急调运时间最短"为目标且含有运输能力约束的单物资调运优化模型：并利用逐步递推法推导出具体的求解算法；然后，进一步地将此模型及算法进行简化，建立更加简单的含有运输能力约束的单目标优化模型：并且讨论其算法；最后，在改进的优化模型的基础上，讨论限制期内含有运输能力约束且以"调运时间最短"、"出动的供应点数目最少"为目标的双层规划及多目标规划的优化模型及解法。

Chapter 1 we introduce the risk process with positive and negative risk sums,show the background of the risk process. Chapter 2 we show the integral and differential equation of birth probability,give the Lundberg inequation that the ruin probability satisfies with martingale approach,then discuss then ruin probability of the risk process with two dependent positive and negative risk sums,study how the dependence impacts on the ruin probability. Chapter 3 we compare the concrete examples by numbers,and makes further comparison between the two results coming out of independency and dependency,with the purpose of narrating their respective impacts on the probability of ruin probability.

本文第一章引入含正、负风险和的风险模型，介绍风险过程的实际背景；第二章给出生存概率Φ所满足的积分-微分方程，利用典型鞅方法给出破产概率Ψ满足的Lundberg不等式，并且讨论两个相关正、负风险和模型的破产概率，研究相关性对破产概率的影响；第三章对具体实例给出数值比较，进一步把相关性和独立性两种情形的结果进行比较，说明对破产概率的影响。

Symbolic interactionism ( Chapter 8 ), certain rule using theories ( Chapter 9 ), and theories or the social construction of reality ( Chapter 9) illustrate this genre.

符号互动论（第8章），某些规则，使用的理论（第9章），和理论或社会建设的现实（第9章）说明了这一类型。

Concrete cotent:In foreword,The author introuduces the conceptional fixing about " Mongolian clans original legend "; domestic and overseas study situation ; the meaning of the study ; research purpose .In chapter 1, Mongolian clans original legend's content summary , motif variation.In chapter 2, The author investigates some problems about the wolf、 the deer 、 the catele 、 the swan 、 the owl and the tree ,which is involved Mongolian clans original legend , whether have relation to clan totemism or not.In chapter 3, The author investigates the key element of invariant content about the ancestor stems from " human " and " heaven " in Mongolian clans original legend .

具体内容为：导论："蒙古族诸氏族起源传说"的概念界定、国内外研究状况、选题意义及研究目的；第一章：蒙古族诸氏族起源传说的内容概要、母题变异；第二章：蒙古族氏族起源传说中所涉及的狼、鹿、牛、天鹅、猫头鹰、树木与氏族图腾崇拜是否有关等诸问题探析；第三章：蒙古族氏族起源传说中祖先源于"人祖"、祖先源于"天"等变异内容要素探析。

The second part(Chapter 4,Chapter 5 and Chapter 6)is devoted to freeboundary problems(inverse boundary value problems or geometric inverse prob-lems)for elliptic systems of partial differential equations in continuum mechanics.

第二部分(即第四章、第五章、第六章)讨论力学中椭圆型方程组的自由边界问题(也称逆边值问题或几何反问题)及数值分析，主要涉及到渗流与气体动力学中的一些问题。

Chimborazo and Cotopaxi, took me by the hand.

越过琴博腊索山和科托帕克西山。

This car is in a good condition.

这辆车的状况很好。