查询词典 by estimate

Chapter 5, an example is given by stochastic simulation method, which is the application of least absolute deviation estimate in location by GPS.

第五章通过随机模拟的方法，给出M估计的特殊情形——最小绝对偏差估计在GPS定位中的应用。

Purposes: To observe intakes of 〓p-sodium-orthophosphate and 〓P-chromium- orthophosphate at various concentrations by brain gliomas cell; To make thorough inquiry of the inhibition to the SHG44 cell by 〓P-sodium-orthophosphate and 〓P-chromium-orthophosphate at various concentrations; To find out the regularities about the accumulation and elimination in the major organs of rats after inter-brain injection with 〓P-sodium-orthophosphate and 〓P-chromic-orthophosphate; To investigate the therapeutic effects of intert-injection with 〓p-chromium-orthophosphate on the neoplasia transplanted in the brain and hypoderma; To estimate the absorbed dose of the neoplasia body in rats after internal radiation; To study the pathological changes in the rat cells and tissues caused by the radiation exposure from 〓p.

目的：观察人脑胶质瘤SHG44细胞对不同浓度的〓P-磷酸钠和〓P-磷酸铬的摄取；探讨不同浓度〓p-磷酸钠和〓p-磷酸铬对SHG44细胞生长的抑制；揭示〓p-磷酸钠和〓p-磷酸铬在大鼠颅内注射在时全身主要脏器的蓄积与排除规律；观察〓p-磷酸铬大鼠颅内瘤体、皮下瘤体内注射的治疗效果；估算大鼠瘤体组织的吸收剂量；观察〓p照射引起的细胞及组织的病理学改变，为临床脑胶质瘤内照射治疗提供实验依据和吸收剂量计算方法。

By WWF's estimate, of the forest cover in Riau lost in the past 25 years, 29% was cleared for palm-oil plantations and 24% for pulpwood by the big producers themselves—not counting large areas cleared by their suppliers.

据世界自然基金会估计，过去25年廖内省损失的森林植被中，29%被用作棕油种植园，24%被大制造商自己用作纸浆原料——这还不包括公司供应商清伐的大片林木。

This dissertation investigates the construction of pseudo-random sequences (pseudo-random numbers) from elliptic curves and mainly analyzes their cryptographic properties by using exponential sums over rational points along elliptic curves. The main results are as follows:(1) The uniform distribution of the elliptic curve linear congruential generator is discussed and the lower bound of its nonlinear complexity is given.(2) Two large families of binary sequences are constructed from elliptic curves. The well distribution measure and the correlation measure of order k of the resulting sequences are studied. The results indicate that they are "good" binary sequences which give a positive answer to a conjecture proposed by Goubin et al.(3) A kind of binary sequences from an elliptic curve and its twisted curves over a prime field F_p. The length of the sequences is 4p. The "1" and "0" occur almost the same times. The linear complexity is at least one-fourth the period.(4) The exponential sums over rational points along elliptic curves over ring Z_ are estimated and are used to estimate the well distribution measure and the correlation measure of order k of a family of binary sequences from elliptic curves over ring Z_.(5) The correlation of the elliptic curve power number generator is given. It is proved that the sequences produced by the elliptic curve quadratic generator are asymptotically uniformly distributed.(6) The uniform distribution of the elliptic curve subset sum generator is considered.(7) We apply the linear feedback shift register over elliptic curves to produce sequences with long periods. The distribution and the linear complexity of the resulting sequences are also considered.

本文研究利用椭圆曲线构造的伪随机序列，主要利用有限域上椭圆曲线有理点群的指数和估计讨论椭圆曲线序列的密码性质——分布、相关性、线性复杂度等，得到如下主要结果：(1)系统讨论椭圆曲线-线性同余序列的一致分布性质，即该类序列是渐近一致分布的，并给出了它的非线性复杂度下界；(2)讨论两类由椭圆曲线构造的二元序列的&良性&分布与高阶相关性(correlation of order κ)，这两类序列具有&优&的密码性质，也正面回答了Goubin等提出的公开问题；(3)利用椭圆曲线及其挠曲线构造一类二元序列，其周期为4p(其中椭圆曲线定义在有限域F_p上)，0-1分布基本平衡，线性复杂度至少为周期的四分之一；(4)讨论了剩余类环Z_上的椭圆曲线的有理点的分布估计，并用于分析一类由剩余类环Z_上椭圆曲线构造的二元序列的伪随机性；(5)讨论椭圆曲线-幂生成器序列的相关性及椭圆曲线-二次生成器序列的一致分布；(6)讨论椭圆曲线-子集和序列的一致分布；(7)讨论椭圆曲线上的线性反馈移位寄存器序列的分布，线性复杂度等性质。

According to by the time series estimate power spectral density\'s periodogram law principle,the research adopts five level of orbital power spectra which US Federal railway Administrative bureau FRA proposed;then,through the Fourier inverse transformation,the orbital not smooth time domain samples are obtained, which determine the track irregularity peak-to-peak value and the corresponding wave length; on the basis of the research,the influence of the wheel track dynamic contact force are considered.Based on the orbital roadbed coefficient\'s definition,computation model is established to solve the roadbed equispaced spring constant,and the roadbed uniform spring stiffness is obtained by using the numerical simulation method.Finally,based on the Matlab procedure platform,the computational procedure is established,and the load time interval caused by the moving train acts on the roadbed is obtained.

根据由时间序列估计功率谱密度的周期图法原理，采用美国联邦铁路管理局FRA提出的五级轨道功率谱，通过Fourier逆变换得到轨道不平顺的时域样本，确定了轨道不平顺的幅值及对应的波长，以此为基础考虑轮轨动态接触力的影响；基于轨道路基系数的定义建立了求解路基均布弹簧刚度的计算模型，采用数值模拟得到了路基均布弹簧刚度；最后，基于Matlab程序平台编制了计算程序，得到了运行列车作用到路基上的荷载时程。

This second form may be described as a negative theoretic atheism; and may be furthur viewed as cosmological or psychological, according as it is motived, on the one hand, by a consideration of the paucity of actual data available for the arguments proving the existence of a super-sensible and spiritual God, or, what amounts to the same thing, the attributing of all cosmic change and development to the self-contained potentialities of an eternal matter; or, on the other hand, by an empiric or theoretic estimate of the powers of reason working upon the data furnished by sense-perception.

这第二种形式可以被描述为一种消极的理论，无神论和可furthur看作是宇宙或心理，根据，因为这是motived ，一方面，是考虑到缺乏实际数据供论据证明存在一个超级理智和精神神，或相当于同样的事情，归功于所有宇宙的变化和发展，以自我载有潜力的一个永恒的事情，或在另一方面，由一个经验性或理论估计权力的原因，工作后，提供的数据感知觉。

Based on the results of exploration and in-site test of typical waste dump in southwest mountainous area,the analysis theory and method of waste dump rainfall infiltration are discussed beginning at analysing coal waste's mechanics characteristic and seepage theoty. Fllowed estimating method of waste dump stability is discussed influenced by rainfall. At last a typical engineering example of coal waste dump landslide influenced by rainfall is researched, acquiring research fruit hereinafter.①Particular exploration of typical waste dump in chongqing area and analysis estimate to its area engineering geology are done. Granule gradation、water content、nature density、dry densit etc parameter of waste granular media are tested. The mechanics characteristic of waste are researched by in-site shear experimentation、compressibility experimentation and infiltration experimentation.②The coal waste dumping is different from other consecutive solid material as incompact granule structure. Its shear strength and transforming characteristic also have itself characteristic.

本文针对山区矸石山，结合踏勘和现场试验，从分析矸石散体的力学特性以及渗流理论出发，研究了矸石山降雨入渗的分析理论与方法，在此基础上提出了矸石山体降雨作用下的稳定性评价方法，最后进行了降雨作用下典型矸石山滑坡工程实例研究，取得了以下研究成果：①对重庆山区中梁山、万盛、荣昌、天府、綦江等矿区代表性的矸石山进行详细踏勘，对矸石山的堆放形态及其区域的工程水文地质情况进行调查；针对重庆山区矸石山，测试矸石散体的颗粒级配、含水量、天然密度、干密度等参数、并在此基础上，通过现场剪切、压缩、渗透试验等研究矸石散体的力学特征。

The seismic disasters features and behavior mechanisms of the buriedwater supply pipeline are analyzed by synthesis and the breakage of thepipe joints caused by seismic wave propagation as main disasters mode isled into. The soil-pipe interaction, and the soil-pipe slippage arediscussed. Statistical experience method resulted from earthquakeinvestigations and theoretical methods based on reliability theory areintroduced. The reliability of buried pipeline is researched. The methodfor estimate connective reliability of network by means of Monte Carlesimulation technique and Breadth First Search method is introduced. Theconnective reliability of water supply pipe network is researched.

本文综合分析了地下供水管道的地震破坏特征和反应机理，引入了以接头破坏作为主要的破坏模式，并探讨了管土间的相互作用和滑移作用等问题；介绍了根据震害调查数据回归的统计经验法和基于可靠性理论的理论分析法，对地下管道的可靠性进行了研究；介绍了利用蒙特卡罗法和网络图论中的广度优先搜索法判定网络连通可靠度的方法，对供水管网的连通可靠性进行了研究；考虑到震害预测方法中的许多参数是随时间变化的，应用灰色理论和概率论，建立了基于GIS 的供水管网动态震害预测模型。

In the experiment, three thawing methods, such as washing by water at 40℃, exposing at the room temperature of 25℃, and washing by tap water were used to estimate the effects of thawing methods on the survival rate after cryopreservation. The results showed that the relative survival rate of the calli with proembryos was higher than that of the general calli; and that different thawing methods had the same effect on the survival rate of longan calli by cryopreservation.

结果表明，具有原胚分化的胚性愈伤组织保存后的存活率明显高于普通胚性愈伤组织；40℃温水浴、25℃左右室温和自来水冲洗等3种不同的化冻方式对龙眼胚性愈伤组织玻璃化超低温保存后的存活率具有同样的效果。

Damages sought or awarded to a plaintiff, the amount being a sum fixed by the parties to a contract as a genuine pre-estimate of the plaintiff's loss in the event of the defendant's breach or ascertainable by a simple calculation or fixed by any scale of charges or other positive date.

中国法律环境下的理解：劳动合同当事人事先约定的违约方给守约方支付的固定金额。只有在劳动合同法明确规定的情景下才可以约定违约金；只要对方违约即可，不需要有实际损失发生。

Since historical times,England ,where the early inhabitants were Celts, has been conquered three times .

从有历史以来，英国，在此地早期居住的是凯尔特人，已经被征服了三次。

Bluetooth OBEX File Transfer Enables the sending and receiving of files on your phone via Bluetooth.

蓝牙OBEX文件移动允许经过蓝牙传送和接受文件。。。。