查询词典 axial surface

The effect of tribology factors on bearing vibration is studied experimentally. AR model and WPT are used to processing the normal arid abnormal signals. The results are as follows:1. The vibration of ball bearings is caused by the tribology action of contact pairs of ball and ring races and has the essential of tribo-dynamics. Any factors affecting the tribology characteristics of contact pairs will affect vibration and noise of bearings consequently.2. Vibration characteristics of bearing keep almostly unchanged with the increasing of axial load expecting the increasing of nature frequencies. When radial load increasing with axial load unchanged, nature frequencies keep unchanged but some new vibration peaks appears in the spectrum.3. Vibration amplitudes are damped and nature frequency are enhanced with sufficient lubrication. Vibration and noise of bearings increase obviously and roar can happen and the contact surfaces scratch slightly under insufficient and unclean lubrication state. Bearing will be disabled in a few minutes without any lubrication.4. Bearing vibration is unstable under low speed. With the speed increasing, the vibration become stable and natural frequencies increase slightly but the amplitudes increase apparently.5. Bearing vibration can be excited only by some harmonics ofwaviness without lubrication and by all harmonics with lubrication based on the theoretical analysis.6. The nature frequencies of ball bearings decrease with the increasing sizes. When international clearance increasing, nature frequencies decrease in radial and increase in axial and angular and the amplitudes increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular. When the number of balls increasing, nature frequencies increase and amplitudes decrease. When the pitch diameter increasing, axial nature frequency increase and others nearly keep no change. When outer race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular and amplitudes keep no change in radial and increase in axial and angular. When inner race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies decrease and amplitudes increase.7. The distortion in amplitude and frequency components of bearing vibration signals picked up by the present probe measurement method is founded and right conclusions cannot be achieved by the signals. When accelerometer is rigidly screwed with steel stud onto a flat outer surface of a ball bearing, vibration signal can be got without distortion and the reliability of research on bearing vibration is assured.8. AR model is suitable for large samples of bearing vibration signals, square root of length of samples can be used as the upper limitation of order determination and the FPE order selection criterion is effective. Many advantages of AR spectrum are founded over the classical based on FFT.9. Time-Frequency analysis is necessary for abnormal noise of ball bearings. WPT overcomes the principle shortcomings of STFT and proved to be a best tool to process the abnormal signals.

理论分析和试验研究表明： 1球轴承振动是钢球—滚道接触副中的各种摩擦学作用引起的，具有摩擦动力学的本质，任何对接触副的摩擦学特性有影响的因素都将对球轴承的振动和噪声特性产生影响； 2中心轴向载荷作用下，载荷增大使球轴承的固有振动频率升高，载荷越大同样的载荷增幅引起的频率升幅减小，足够大的中心轴向载荷作用下载荷的变化对球轴承振动的频率特性不会产生明显的影响； 3轴向和径向联合载荷作用下，径向载荷不大时球轴承振动的固有频率基本不变，但是可能引起变刚度激励的非线性振动，出现新的频峰，过大的径向载荷将使部分钢球脱离接触，使球轴承的振动和噪声呈现不稳定状态； 4润滑对球轴承的振动和噪声特性有重要的影响，良好的润滑对振动有明显的抑制作用，润滑不充分时，振动和噪声的水平会有明显增高，一定条件下还会激发接触副中的谐振，发出啸声，造成接触表面的伤害，无润滑干接触时，短时的运转就会损伤接触副表面，使振动和噪声迅速增大，并随时可能引发严重的磨损和卡滞失效；接触副润滑良好时，油膜的"刚化效应"使球轴承振动的固有频率有所提高，润滑剂中含有弥散性污浊时，振动的幅度总体升高，但弥散性污浊不会改变球轴承振动的频率特性；浙江大学博士学位论文：球轴承振动的研究 5低速时，球轴承振动的基本特征呈现不稳定状态，随着转速的提高，球轴承振动的频率特性趋于稳定，固有频率频峰升高； 6理论分析表明，干接触时钢球和滚道表面波纹度的某些谐波分量能激励球轴承的振动，振动的幅值与谐波幅值成正比，实际球轴承中钢球的分布不可能完全均匀，波纹度的激励作用会随时发生；润滑接触的分析表明，波纹度的任意谐波分量均能激励球轴承的振动； 7球轴承的几何和结构参数分析表明，球轴承尺寸越大，径向、轴向和角振动的固有频率越低；钢球中心圆直径增大，球轴承的径向和轴向振动的固有频率基本不变，角振动的固有频率有所上升，振动的幅频特性基本不变；径向游隙加大使球轴承的径向振动固有频率降低，轴向和角振动的固有频率有所升高，径向振动幅频特性的幅值升高，而轴向和角向降低；钢球的数量增多使球轴承振动的固有频率上升，幅频特性的幅值下降，径向振动的幅值下降最为明显；外圈沟曲率半径系数增大使球轴承径向振动的固有频率升高，轴向和角振动的固有频率降低，径向幅频特性基本不变，轴向和角向幅频特性幅值升高；内圈沟曲率半径系数增大使径向、轴向和角振动固有频率均下降，振动幅频特性的幅值均有升高； 8试验对比表明，传感器采用探针式安装时，由于探针接触副接触特性的影响，钡(量得到的球轴承振动信号有失真，采用专门设计和制作的试验球轴承，以固定式安装加速度计，首次测量得到了球轴承振动的真实信号，通过对振动信号的分析，验证了球轴承振动的理论模型； 9)基于时间序列分析的AR模型适用于大样本球轴承振动信号的分析，以样本长度的均方根值作定阶上界，FPE做判阶准则，给出的AR谱光滑，频率分辨率高，是球轴承振动分析的简便而可靠的手段； 10以时频域分析的小波包变换分析球轴承异音信号能够比较好地定位和聚焦异音发生的时间，时间间隔，频率范围，同样是球轴承振动分析的可靠的手段，可用作球轴承故障诊断技术。

The prior cycles with higher axial stress and larger strain range greatly restrains ratchetting strain of subsequent cycling with lower ones. Creep behavior plays an important role in the ratchetting strain and its influence on ratchetting behavior can not be neglected. Fracture morphology characteristics of two kinds of materials were investigated by scanning electron microscope. It shows that failure of material A is induced by cavitation and that of material B is induced by decohesion. For material A, with the decreasing strain amplitude the fracture surface shows more larger diameter globular particles under uniaxial loading and can be seen more obvious and deep crack under multiaxial loading. However for material B, with the decreasing strain amplitude fracture surface shows larger and larger scalelike shape and becomes more smooth under uniaxial loading, but fracture surface under multiaxial loading looks like more smooth than that of uniaxial loading, and shows gradually wave-like morphology.

通过扫描电子显微镜研究表明：材料A为空穴引起的失效，材料B为剥离导致疲劳破坏；随着载荷幅值的减小，材料A在单轴载荷下，断口表面浮出更多更大直径的球状颗粒，而多轴载荷下，可以看到很深的裂纹；随着载荷幅值的减小，材料B在单轴载荷下，断口表面鱼鳞片越来越大，表面越来越平整，而多轴载荷与单轴载荷相比，断口表面看上去更加平整，并且随着载荷幅值的减小，断口逐渐呈现波浪形貌；通过微观的傅立叶变换红外光谱分析，结果表明随着应变幅值的增加，无论载荷是单轴还是多轴状态下，橡胶材料吸光度比值随着幅值的增加而增加，这说明体系中的结晶含量也随之增加。

When a capillary tube, in whose inner hole an optical fiber has been fixed and whose axial deviation amount between an outer peripheral surface of the capillary tube and a core center of an end surface of the optical fiber is 1.5 mum or less, is inserted into the insertion portion of the thin tube and the end surface of the optical fiber is fixed at a position at which a distance of the end surface to a focal point position of the partially spherical lens becomes -40 mum or less, emission light has an emission light bend of 0.2 DEG or less with respect to the center axis of the thin tube.

当将光纤固定在内孔且外周面与光纤的端面的纤芯中心的轴偏移量在1.5μm以内的毛细管插入细管的插入部，并且将光纤的端面固定于部分球面透镜的焦点位置±40μm以内的距离的位置上时，出射光曲率为出射光相对细管中心轴在0.2°以内。

The invention relates to a nut (10) comprising an outer body (16) with an axial passage (22), an inner body which can be movably placed in the passage along an axial direction and which is divided along said axial direction into at least two jaws (18, 20), each jaw bearing an inner thread segment (24) on its radial inner surface, first guiding means (26) located on the outer body, as well as second guiding means (30) located on the jaws and co-operating with the first guiding means so that the jaws are radially displaced towards the exterior when the outer body is displaced in the unscrewing direction relatively to the inner body et radially displaced towards the inside when the outer body is displaced in the screwing direction relatively to the inner body.

本发明涉及一种螺母(10)，它包括：一个带轴向通孔(22)的外体(16)；一个内体，位于通孔(22)中，可沿轴向移动，并且沿所述的轴向方向至少分成两个滑块(18、20)，它们各自在其径向的内表面上具有内螺纹部分(24)。在外体上有第一导向装置(26)，同样滑块上有第二导向装置(30)，第二导向装置与第一导向装置共同起作用，所以，当外体相对于内体沿旋松方向作相对滑移时，滑块径向地向外滑移，并且，如果外体相对于内体沿拧紧的方向滑移，则滑块径向地向内滑移。

A self-drilling anchor (10) for use in a friable material (1) comprises a body (12) having an axis (13), a flanged rear end (14), a drilling front end (16) and a generally cylindrical portion (18) therebetween having an outer surface (20) with a thread (22) disposed thereon, wherein the body forks, beginning at a predetermined distance from the flanged rear end, into a first leg (24) and a second leg (26), the first leg extending forwardly into a drilling tip (28) and having a generally rearward facing shoulder (30) angled obtusely outwardly with respect to the axis, wherein the body (12) has an axial bore (32) for receiving an elongate fastener (2), the axial bore (32) extending substantially through the flanged end (14) and the generally cylindrical portion (18) and leading to the generally rearward facing shoulder (30), wherein the anchor (10) has a drilling mode wherein the second leg (26) nests behind the generally rearward facing shoulder (30) of the first leg (24), and an anchoring mode wherein the legs are pivoted apart from one another.

一种用于易碎材料(1)中的自攻螺钉(10)，包括：主体(12)，其具有中心轴(13)、带有凸缘的后端部(14)、用于钻孔的前端部(16)和位于所述后端部和前端部之间的通常为圆柱状的部分(18)，所述圆柱状部分(18)的外表面(20)上布置有螺纹(22)，其中主体从距离带有凸缘的后端部的预定的距离处开始分叉为第一腿(24)和第二腿(26)，第一腿向前伸入钻孔尖端(28)，并且具有相对于中心轴向外成钝角的通常面向后的肩部(30)，主体(12)具有容纳细长状紧固件(2)的轴向孔(32)，轴向孔(32)基本延伸穿过带有凸缘的端部(14)和通常为圆柱状的部分(18)，并且通向通常面向后的肩部(30)，螺钉(10)具有钻孔状态和固定状态，在钻孔状态，第二腿(26)套在第一腿(24)的通常面向后的肩部(30)之后，并且在固定状态，腿彼此转动分离。

The annular sealing member and inlet are provided with means to secure said sealing member to said inlet to prevent axial movement therebetween, said second sealing means engaging the outer curved surface of the tubular member whereby sealing engagement may be effected between the sealing member and the tubular member over a plurality of relative axial positions therebetween.

所述的第二密封装置与管形件的外曲面接合，借此实现密封件和管形件之间在多个相对轴向位置上的密封连接。

The movement can be divided into two regions, one is the active surface region, the other is the solid region, and it goes under the way of rolling and falling. The heat transfer process in rotary kiln goes with extremely complex physical and chemistry process. Considering the revolving of the kiln body itself and the special movement way of the materials, as well as the influence of the material reaction dynamic parameters, we have established the unidimensional axial heat transfer model for rotary kiln. Then according to the tentative data which has been published, we have testified that the unidimensional axial heat transfer model could reflect the

回转窑内的传热过程伴随着十分复杂的物理化学过程，考虑窑体自身的旋转和物料运动的特殊方式，以及物料的反应动力参数等的影响，建立了回转窑内一维轴向传热模型，并根据已发表的试验数据对建立的一维轴向传热模型进行了验证，该模型可以反应出回转窑内各相沿轴向的温度分布趋势，这样结合热工分析，可以对回转窑的生产和运行给出适用的指导，并力图达到增产节能的效果。

The imaginary surface bisecting the limbs of the fold is called the axial surface.

将褶皱翼部平分的理想面称为轴面。

A washer has a body having an axis and provided with a first bearing face surface located at one axial side and adapted to cooperate with a nut, a second bearing face surface located at an opposite axial side and adapted to cooperate with an object, at least one third turning resistant surface adapted to cooperate with a thread of the bolt, the body having at least one resistive point arranged so that when the nut is turned and turns the bolt the body of the washer stops the bolt from turning and thereby the nut creates a pull on the bolt which elongates the bolt in an axial direction and applies to the body of the washer an axial force which overcomes the at least one resistive point so that a portion of the body of the washer is allowed to be pulled axially when the bolt elongates.

一种放在螺帽与物体之间的垫圈，螺帽与螺栓螺纹连接，螺栓插入在包括两个装配的部件的物体内，垫圈具有主体，和设有第一支承面表面，位于一个轴向侧面和与螺帽配合，第二支承面表面，位于相对的轴向侧面和与物体配合，以及至少一个第三转动阻力表面，与螺栓的螺纹配合，从而使螺帽以给定的扭矩在一个方向转动同时垫圈的主体沿相对方向接收给定的力时，仅有螺帽转动，以紧固或松开螺栓，而垫圈的主体和螺栓保持静止。

The main elements are: core, limb, inflexion point, inter-limb angle, turn, hinge, crest line, trough line and axial surface.

褶皱要素是褶皱的基本组成部分，褶皱要素主要有：核、翼、拐点、翼间角、转折端、枢纽、脊线和槽线、轴面

But in the course of internationalization, they meet with misunderstanding and puzzlement.

许多企业已经意识到了这一点，但在国际化的进程中，仍存在一些误区与困惑。

Inorder toaccomplish this goal as quickly as possible, we'll beteamingup with anexperienced group of modelers, skinners, and animatorswhosenames willbe announced in the coming weeks.

为了尽快实现这个目标，我们在未来数周内将公布与一些有经验的模型、皮肤、动画制作小组合作。