查询词典 approximate calculation

In this paper,the author introduced an approximate augmented Lagrangian function in nonlinear programming,established dual mapping and the related dual problem of this augmented Lagrangian function and obtained the results of approximate strong duality and approximate weak duality of original problems.

介绍了非线性规划中的一种近似增广拉格朗日函数，建立了基于这种增广拉格朗日函数的对偶映射和相应的对偶问题，得到了原问题和对偶问题的强近似对偶和弱近似对偶结果。

First low order approximation of generating function and approximate optimal trajectory were obtained. Then using low order approximation of generating function of Hamilton "relative motion" to the approximate optimal trajectory, improvement of the approximate optimal trajectory was iteratively made. In this way, high order approximation accuracy can be obtained by only using low order approximation, which is much cost effective in computing.

首先以较低的计算代价，获得最优控制Hamilton系统生成函数的低阶近似，得到一条近似的最优轨线，然后将最优控制Hamilton系统相对于近似最优轨线求"相对运动"，该"相对运动"仍具有Hamilton性质，利用这一"相对运动"的生成函数低阶近似，可以对近似最优轨线进行迭代修正，从而以计算代价较小的低阶近似逼近计算代价高得多的高阶近似的精度。

In the following part,we define a couple of new approximate operators and a couple of corresponding new approximate measure operators,in this way,inner measure belief function and lower probability all can be considered as the particular cases of this lower approximate measure .

通过定义一对新的逼近算子以及相应的一对逼近测度，使内测度、信任函数、随机集上的下概率均可表示为此下逼近测度结构下的一种特例。

As an approximate method,with the trigonometric function,the simple pendulum dynamical equation is simplified,and the approximate formula for the period of simple pendulum movement is presented.Comparison is made between approximate formula and exac...

对近似公式和精确公式进行了对比，最后进行了数值计算，结果表明，所得到的单摆运动周期的近似公式在大多数情况下都与精确公式符合的很好。

Three approximate methods (called as scaling, rectangle and trapezia methods respectively) for performance analysis of orthogonal space-time block code with M-ary phase shift keying and M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation over flat Rayleigh fading channels are proposed, and their approximate performance expressions are given-The analysis of approximate results shows that OSTBC can obtain full diversity orders.

在平坦瑞利衰落信道下，提出了3种正交空时分组码在MPSK和MQAM调制下的近似性能分析方法（分别称为放缩法、矩形法和梯形法），并给出其近似表达式。通过对近似结果的分析，OSTBC能获得满分集增益。

For this type of new model,we study it mainly from these ways:First,we make further research on the nature features of their distributions;give out the probability distribution of the mixed stochastic variables,and the statistical features and the approximate distributions of the short-term individual risk models. Also the relationships between the total amount of compound compensation and individual one were investigated.At last we give out a kind of practical calculation method for the individual risk model.That is the calculation of the number of claims translating into the calculation of Vandermonde determinant.Second,a kind of risk model with main claims and by-claims is built under specific conditions.

对于这类有主副理赔的风险模型，我们主要从以下几个方面进行研究：首先，对短期个别风险模型和长期聚合风险模型的理赔总额的分布性质及特征做了较深入的研究，给出了混合型随机变量和的概率分布和短期个别风险模型理赔总额的统计特征与近似分布；在复合分布的框架下，研究了聚合风险模型理赔总额和个别理赔额之间的分布关系，给出了和个别理赔额对应的理赔次数的实用计算方法，即在总索赔额服从复合泊松分布时，把不同理赔额对应的理赔次数的计算转化为线性方程组的计算。

The results are the following: When calculating the motion mass, it is better to use idler's equivalent mass instead of the rotating part mass and serial idler's rotating inertias and equivalent mass are calculated. The accurate analysis result for the deflection curve length of the belt shows: The error calculated by the approximate parabola length is lower than 10〓. Thus the approximate method is accurate enough for calculation. The relations between the running resistances coefficient and the belt velocity are studied by experiment, which are the bases for calculating the linear coefficient values between them.

得出：在计算参与运动质量时对托辊应采用托辊的等效质量而不是目前采用的托辊旋转部分质量，并计算出了系列的托辊转动惯量和等效质量；对输送带的挠曲线长度进行了精确的分析，结果表明：采用近似的抛物线长度计算方法其误差在10〓以下，因而得到在计算输送带挠曲线长度时采用近似的抛物线具有足够的精度；对输送机运行阻力系数与带速间的关系进行的实验研究，得出阻力系数与带速线性关糸的系数值。

Results: Prefrontal cortex , parietal lobe, occipital lobe and cerebellum are activated during simple calculation and complex calculation task in male and female, The activated areas(means the function calculation areas ,Prefrontal cortex and parietal lobe) are larger in male than that in the female ,especially in the complex calculation task .

结果： 计算任务中男女主要激活区域均为额前区、顶叶、枕叶及小脑，男性额前区及顶叶等计算功能区激活范围较女性广，其中以复杂计算为著。

The object of projectile design is analyzed, and the layer-TOPSIS method is provided for the evaluation of total effectiveness by taking the layer concept into the TOPSIS method. In the calculation of object weights, the grade calculation method is suggested, which has less dependence on the subjectivity of decision-maker and can take account of both sensitivity and allowableness of objects, the geometric-arithmetic method is provided for grade weight calculation and methods for sensitive weight and allowable weight are given. Of modes in system analyzing, the penetration model of target with spherical-fragment is carried out based on the theory of Dynamic Spherical Cavity Expansion, and it is a supplement of the models for calculation the damage of the fragmentation warhead to target.

对弹丸设计进行了目标分析；通过在TOPSIS方法中引入层次结构的概念，提出了适用于弹丸总体效能评价的层次TOPSIS评价方法；在指标权重计算中，提出了对决策者主观依赖较少的能反映指标的敏感性和相容性的分级权重计算方法；在分级权重计算中，分别给出了等比-等差权值计算方法和敏感-相容权值计算方法；在系统分析的模型中，对破片战斗部的威力计算中的模型进行了补充，在空穴膨胀理论的基础上提出了球形破片侵彻有限厚靶板的侵彻计算模型。

Combined with the surge-chamber ground swell calculation of some plants, get the numerical value of the influence of the superimposition and the superpose time; From the calculation of the plate pressure difference of the throttled surge chamber, analyze the numerical value of the influence of the superimposition on it.Chapter 5: Based on the analytic calculation of water hammer, indicate the linear pressure distribution in the diversion pipe system and the calculation operation of its maximum numerical value, combined with some project instances, analyze the the influence of the superimposition on it behind and before the surge-chamber.Chapter 6: Summarize the whole paper, and present the future research directions and emphasis.

结合具体电站的调压室涌浪计算，得到波动叠加带来的影响大小及叠加时间；并从阻抗式调压室底板压差的计算出发，分析波动叠加对底板压差的影响大小及叠加时间；第5章，在前人对水击压力的解析计算的基础上，阐述水电站引水发电系统中水击压力分布及其最大压力对应的计算工况，结合工程实例，分析调压室前后，波动叠加对沿程压力分布的影响及其大小；第6章，总结全文，提出今后研究的重点和方向。

"Second Life is remarkably easy to work with, and is very popular,"

"第二次生命是显着容易的工作，并且很受欢迎，"

For example, we usually assume that materials are homogeneous and isotropic and free of internal defects or flaws.

为了得到适合有限元分析的模型，我们必须经过如图2所示的简化步骤。