查询词典 approximate calculation

Then the spatial index is constructed which includes not only the external approximate expression but also interior approximate expression of spatial object and is extended from tranditional index only with external approximate expression. The index structures of MR-tree and MRD-tree based on multi-approximate expression are set up with the prototype index of R-tree, and the relevant algorithms about the index of insertion, deletion and search are provided. Then, the efficiencies of constructing index based on the multi-approximate expression and window range query are analysised and compared. In addition, the several algorithms and efficiency of soving the maximum enclosed circle and maximum enclosed rectangle are discussed and analyzed during constructing index based on multi-approximate expression.

首先，论文讨论了空间数据的特点、空间数据库的关键技术以及空间对象间的拓扑、距离以及方向关系，分析了空间对象的外部和内部近似表达，然后将传统索引中只利用空间对象的外部近似扩展为既有空间对象的外部近似又有空间对象的内部近似，即以空间对象的多重近似来构建索引，并以R-tree为索引原型构建基于多重近似的MR-tree和MRD-tree索引结构，然后给出了相关索引的插入、删除及查找算法，并通过实验比较分析了基于多重近似索引与基于外部近似索引的构建效率及窗口范围查询效率。

Chapter 3, we study the stability of approximate solutions of nonlinear equation problems(the continuous function is defined in the linear normed space).We prove that most of approximate solutions of nonlinear equation problems are stable; all accurate solutions are the essential points of the set of approximate solution; the connected component which contains the accurate solution is the essential component of the set of approximate solution; especially the number of essential components is finite.

第三章，研究定义在线性赋范空间上的非线性方程问题近似解及其解集的稳定性，得到线性赋范空间上在Baire分类下大多数非线性方程问题的近似解都是稳定的；精确解是近似解集的本质解；包含精确解的近似解集的连通区是本质连通区；包含精确解的近似解集的连通区为有限个。

In this paper, a region approximation idea that means using a "fat curve" with a width to approximate the offset curve is proposed, and a complete set of algorithms to approximate offset curve using disk Bézier curve are given and implemented. In the algorithms, the optimal and uniform approximate curve of the offset curve as the central curve of the Disk Bézier curve is found by using Remez method, and then the upper optimal and uniform approximation principle is proposed to compute the error radius function of the Disk Bézier curve. Thus, the whole Disk Bézier curve can be obtained. In the end of this paper, the approximate effect of the Disk Bézier curve is not only analyzed and assessed, but also some specific examples are provided.

提出用一条带宽度的"胖曲线"来逼近上述等距曲线的区域逼近思想，并建立与实现了圆域Bézier曲线等距逼近的整套算法，包括应用Remez方法求出等距曲线的最佳一致逼近曲线作为圆域Bézier曲线的中心曲线，提出上控最佳一致逼近的原理求出圆域Bézier曲线的误差半径函数，以及确定整条圆域Bézier曲线，最后还对该圆域Bézier逼近的效果做了分析和考核，并给出了一些具体实例。

And the direction query efficiency based on multi-approximate index is compared with that based on taditional external approximation index. 2 The algorithms of nearest neighbor and reverse nearest neighbor about point, line and ploygen based on multi-approximate index are proposed after the virous methods of distance measure are discussed in detail. And the query efficiency of NN and RNN based on multi-approximate index is compared with that based on taditional external approximation index. 3 The basic concept of semi-join and the strategy of distance-direction semi-join are introduced. And the model of distance relationship, direction relationship and the bounding for spatial object are discussed. Then the method is presented about how to implement the query of distance-direction semi-join, and the efficiency of the algorithm based on multi-approximate index is compared with that based on taditional external approximation index.

即：1在方向关系矩阵模型、开域方向模型基础上，讨论了基于多重近似索引下的定性与定量方向检索方法，并通过实验对基于多重近似索引与外部近似索引下的方向检索效率进行了对比分析；2详细讨论了各种距离度量方法，提出了基于多重近似索引下的点、线、面的最邻近查询和反最邻近查询算法，并通过实验对基于多重近似索引与外部近似索引下的最邻近查询和反最邻近查询效率进行比较分析；3介绍了半连接的基本概念，探讨了距离关系、方向关系以及空间对象数量的约束模型，给出了基于多重近似索引下的距离方向半连接实现方法，并通过实验对基于多重近似索引与外部近似索引下的距离方向半连接的效率进行了比较分析。

This paper has done a deeply research on the evaluative method, which focus on maintaining and ensuring the camion. After deeply analyzing the maintain theory of army equipment and the stratagem 's characteristic and combining the current systems engineering evaluating theories and methods, it has analyzed and solved all limitations that coming forth when a single model is used to evaluate the maintain capacity. After analyzing and ameliorating the judgment of AHP's coherence, the calculation of the expert power value and the optimizing of the more-extreme judging model, a new calculation method, the multidimensional complex calculation theory, is presented, which much fits for the evaluative calculation of the camion. The new theory's feasibility and the evaluation's reliability have been proved in theory in this paper. This paper also analyses the principle and the program, which is about building a camion evaluating system. According to the multidimensional complex calculation theory, an evaluative model has been built. Applying the levels analytical method, this paper fixes on the calculation of every target's power, brings the optimization allot precept of macro spatial resource, optimizes the resource of the maintainability of theater of operations' vehicle, which offers a theory foundation for optimizing of the resource space. The research not only brings out a uniform standard for the evaluating of the maintain ability of the camion, but also presents a theory foundation and method for perfecting the camion maintain system.

本文对军用车辆维修保障能力评估的方法论进行了深入研究，在理论上通过对军事装备维修理论及战略特性的深入剖析，结合现有系统工程评估理论、评估方法的特点，分析解决了应用单一模型评估装备维修能力问题的各种缺陷，就AHP法判断矩阵一致性判定，群策专家权重值的确认及多元评判模型的优化进行了研究和改进，形成了适应军事车辆维修保障能力评估应用的新算法--多元复合算法理论，对这一创新评价理论的科学性及评估可靠性进行了理论证明和算法应用；研究分析了建立军用汽车维修保障能力评估指标体系的原则和程序，并按照多元复合算法的理论，建立了车辆维修保障能力评估模型；应用层次分析法的原理，明确了各指标权重的算法，提出了宏观空间维修资源优化分配方案，优化了战区车辆装备维修能力资源空间，为某一具体车辆装备维修能力形成所需维修资源空间的优化提供了理论依据；本文的研究既为军用车辆装备维修保障能力评估提供了统一的衡量标准，也为军事装备维修保障系统的进一步完善提供了理论依据及方法手段。

Some concepts about the reliability are described, and the method for calculating the reliability of system is provided by making linear substitution. While taking Stochastic Finite Element Method into the reliability calculation, a Nonlinear SFEM model is founded, and methods to resolve some problems in SFEM calculation are given. So as to the calculation of the force boundary, a method in FEM is provided for sabot pressure calculation, base of this, the numerical calculation model is carried out.

给出了弹丸发射强度可靠性计算中的一些理论和概念；给出了串联系统可靠性的逐步线性等效计算方法；将随机有限元方法引入可靠性计算中，建立了弹丸发射时的非线性随机有限元计算模型，并给出了计算中的一些问题的处理方法；在随机有限元的载荷边界的计算中，提出了弹带压力的有限元计算方法和在有限元求解思想上的数值计算模型。

According to the algorithmic characteristics of video coding, general video decoder can be classified by three classic tasks. First is the low-leveled task for simple control, which focuses on calculation. It is called dense-calculation task when the requirement for calculation is higher. Second is the data-dependence task for simple calculation but sophisticate control, which belongs to middle-level task. More sub-states exist inside the task and the transition of the sub-states depends on input data and lacks of rules. Third is the simple-system task, part of advanced tasks, with simple calculation but no rules, the complexity of which mainly lies in the control of multi-tasks to complete certain function coordinately.

根据视频的编解码算法特性，一般的视频解码器可以分为三种典型的任务：以运算为主，控制简单的低级任务，当运算要求很高的时候我们可以称之为运算密集型任务；运算简单，但是控制复杂，任务内部子状态繁多，而且跳转依赖于输入数据而无规律，这类任务我们可以称之为数据依赖型任务，属于中级任务；运算简单而无规则，复杂度主要集中在控制多个任务协同进行以完成某一特定功能的简单系统型任务，属于高级任务。

The basic idea is to set a continuous solution of the region with a finite number of discrete points instead of a grid consisting of, these discrete points called grid nodes the solution of a continuous area on a given function of continuous variables used in the definition of discrete grid variable function approximation the original equation and boundary conditions in the micro-business operators to approximate differential, integral with the points and to approximate, so the original differential equations and boundary conditions are replaced by algebraic equations near Side, that is, finite difference equations , solve this equation group can get the original problem in discrete points on the approximate solution.

基本思想是把连续的定解区域用有限个离散点构成的网格来代替，这些离散点称作网格的节点；把连续定解区域上的连续变量的函数用在网格上定义的离散变量函数来近似；把原方程和定解条件中的微商用差商来近似，积分用积分和来近似，于是原微分方程和定解条件就近似地代之以代数方程组，即有限差分方程组，解此方程组就可以得到原问题在离散点上的近似解。

First, we use the time-descrete method for constructing an approximate solution, hence, establish a priori estimates of the approximate solution,we prove the existence subsequently by taking the limit of the approximate solution.

首先， 我们用时间离散化的办法构造逼近解，再对逼近解作必要的一致估计，然后通过对逼近解取极限，证明了弱解的存在性。

First of all, Cauchy inequality is used to obtain a basic inequality. Secondly, the functions of basis are made by Galerkin method, and the error estimates of eignevalues are obtained by Cauchy inequality. At last, the computational method of the approximate value of the eigenvalues turns out immediately, and accuracy of the-th approximate value is estimated by the n-tb approximate value.

首先利用Cauchy场不等式证明了一个基本不等式；其次采用Galerkin方法来构造适当的基函数，并利用Cauchy不等式给出了其特征值计算的误差佑计式；最后得到计算梁横向振动问题的特征值的近似值的算法，而且可以用第n次近似值来估计第n-1次的近似值的精确度。

Chimborazo and Cotopaxi, took me by the hand.

越过琴博腊索山和科托帕克西山。

This car is in a good condition.

这辆车的状况很好。