查询词典 affine surface

In addition, some modifications on several computational methods are also presented. Using LMTO method the electronic structure of several systems are studied, and some results are obtained. They are: The ideal Nb (100) surface has three surface states, the multi-layer relaxed surface has two surface states. The surface energy of the ideal surface is higher than that of the relaxed surface, that means that the multi-layer relaxed surface is more stable than the former one, which supports the LEED results. The mono-layer relaxed Ag (111) surface is the most stable one among several" stable surface models"presented by several researchers. The surface energy of Ag (111) surface is higher than that of surface Ag (001), which supports some experimental results such as different reaction rate at different surface orientations for the same material. The surafce states of Si (111) surface not only locate near the Fermi level, but also in the valence band, which agrees well with Cohen's conclusion. Si (111)-H is an effective model for analysing the surface states and H adsorbed on the back surface is a good method for improving the convincingness of the results obtained on thinner slab models. The surface stability depends on three different kinds of MoSi〓(001) surfaces, the surface with mono-layer Si is the most stable one, and the surface with Mo at the first layer is the most unstable one among them. These are consistant with the Kemoda's experimental results. The valence bands of clean or K adsorbed CdTe (111) surface agrees well with the synchrotron radiation studies. The surface of CdTe (111) consists of four kinds of surface models which show different surface electronic structures and different surface structure stabilities. The conclusion agrees well with Wu's experimental work. The different absorbed alkali metals on the CdTe (111) surface give different adsorption characteristics which have relations not only with the valence electrons, but also with the core ones of the alkali metals. The electonic structures of Si-C alloys are different from that of Si-Ge alloys, and the energy band gaps of Si-C alloys do not increase linearly with Carbon concentration, our conclusion supports Alexander's results, but conflicts with Soref's one.

现分述如下： LMTO方法及其应用方面：1）通过对Nb（100）表面电子态分析发现清洁理想表面有三个表面态，多层弛豫表面有两个表面态；表面能大小说明多层弛豫表面更稳定，支持了LEED结果。2）通过对采用不同方法获得的几种不同Ag（111）表面稳定结构的表面能计算分析，给出了单层弛豫表面为Ag（111）表面的最稳定结构；从Ag（111）单层弛豫表面和Ag（001）表面的表面能比较，发现了Ag（001）表面表面能要比Ag（111）小的，表明了同种物质不同表面取向将表现出不同物理、化学性质，这是与实验中得出的结论是吻合的，3）通过对Si（111）表面态分析，不仅发现了Si（111）表面不仅具有居于费米能级附近的悬挂键所对应的表面态，而且还有很多表面态位于价带能量范围内，与Cohen等结果一致，H饱和slab模型背表面相当于增加了slab层的厚度，是一有效的变相增加slab层厚的方法，弛豫表面较清洁理想表面价带谱们低能端的少许移动，预示着总能降低，说明弛豫表面较清洁理想表面稳定。4）MoSi〓具有三种表面，从费米能级上态密度值大小得到单层Si表面最稳定，Mo原子为表层原子的表面最不稳定，双层Si原子表面居中的结论，这与Kemoda等人实验结果是一致的。5）通过对CdTe（111）表面表面电子态、表面结构稳定性及表面H、碱金属吸附的电子结构系列研究，不仅得出了CdTe（111）清洁及碱金属K吸附价带谱与同步辐射光电子谱相吻合的结果，而且发现了CdTe（111）表面具有四类不同原子近邻特征，表现出四类不同的表面结构及电子结构特征：不同表面态分布、不同的表面结构稳定性（表层原子与次层原子成三键有一悬挂键的表面要比表层原子与次层原子成一键有三悬挂键稳定（与Wu等人实验结果一致））、不同的H吸附特性。

Firstly, affine covariant neighborhoods of visual words are used to verify the spatial consistency. Secondly, a set of affine transformation matrices between the corresponding covariant regions is calculated, and the matrix with the most inliers is chosen as the best matching affine transformation matrix. In this step, only a single pair of corresponding affine covariant regions is used to calculate the 6 degree of freedom affine transformation for acceleration. In the last step, the spatial consistency is verified by the BMATM.

首先通过视觉关键词仿射协变的空间邻近特征集进行初步空间关系一致性匹配；然后计算对应仿射协变区块的多组可能的仿射变换矩阵，并选择满足区块匹配最多的变换矩阵作为对象与图像之间最终仿射变换矩阵，其中，仅利用一对协变区块来计算自由度为6的仿射变换的算法有效地提高了计算速度和鲁棒性；最后通过计算出的仿射变换矩阵来精确验证对象与图像之间的空间位置关系是否一致。

This paper integrates linear affine transformation and nonlinear affine transforma-tion"s approach ability. Integrated affine transformation not only inherits the linear affine transformation"s low bit rate merit,but also inherits the nonlinear affine transformations approach ability.The method proposed in this paper is a new method, and never be proposed in other papers.

本硕士论文综合了线性仿射变换和非线性仿射变换的逼近能力，采用混合型的仿射变换既能发扬线性仿射变换的低比特率的优点，又能发扬非线性仿射变换的相似逼近能力，提高重建质量，本算法是一种新型的算法，文献中尚未提及。

Proves by matrix technique and ways that affine Unitary groups have double transition on the affine maximal and deseribes the total isotropic subspaces over affine Unitary geometry and their orbits and the use of affine maximal and total isotropic subspaces to construct several classes association scheme and PBIB designs, and the calculation of all parameters as well.

利用矩阵的技巧和方法，证明了仿射酉群双可迁地作用在仿射酉几何中的仿射极大全迷向子空间上，并且给出了轨道的明确表示。作为该理论的一个应用，利用仿射酉几何中的极大全迷向子空间的全体作为处理集构作了一个多个结合类的结合方案和PBIB设计，并计算了所有的参数。

In Brunn-Minkowski-Firey theory, we establish two extremum properties of the new ellipsoid; Then we generalize Petty\'s affine projection inequality and monotonicity results related to affine surface area to L_p—affine surface area; We establish the Brunn-Minkowski type inequalities for the volume of the L_p centroid body and its polar body with respect to the normalized L_p radial addition. At last, we introduce the minimal L_p—mean width of a convex body and generalize the minimal mean width to the Brunn-Minkowski-Firey theory.

在L_p-Brunn-Minkowski理论中，我们首先给出了两个关于新椭球的极值性质；然后研究了L_p仿射表面积，将Petty仿射投影不等式和Winterniz单调性问题推广到L_p仿射表面积；建立了L_p质心体和其极体的Brunn-Minkowski型不等式；研究了凸体的最小L_p平均宽度，给(来源：3bABbeC论文网www.abclunwen.com)出凸体K具有最小L_p平均宽度的充分必要条件，最后给出了凸体L_p平均宽度位置的稳定性。

There are series of papers studying the solvability of an incompressible, viscous, instationary fluid contained in a domian bounded entirely by a free surface. In 1977, Solonnikov proved its local solvability in a Holder space for any initial date but without surface tension. In 1984, he considered the same problem in a Sobolev space with surface tension being taken into account. In I992, Mogilevskii and Solonnikov treated the same problem in a Holder space, where the coefficient of surface tension is not a constant. There are also short-time existence results for the solvability of an incompressible, vicous, unsteady fluid bounded above by a free surface and below by a fixed bottom which approach horizontal planes at infinity. In 1981, Beale proved its local solvability in a Sobolev space for any initial date but without surface tension. In 1983, Allain were concerned with the same problem in R〓 with surface tension but under the assumption that the initial fluid domain was near a horizontal strip. In 1987, he obtained the same result without the preceding assumption. In 1996, Tani solved the same problem in R with surface tension. For the solvability of an incompressible viscous instationary fluid in Ω R bounded inside by a free surface S and outside by a rotating boundary S, in 1995 Ciuperca proved its local existence in a Sobolev space for any initial date but without surface tension. In this paper, we consider the same problem with surface tension.

对于边界完全是由自由边界组成的有界区域中粘性不可压流体的非定常运动问题，Solonnikcv于1977年在忽略表面张力情况下证明了初值问题小时间解在Holder空间的存在性，于1984年在有表面张力情况下证明了初值问题问题小时间解在Sobolev空间的存在性，Mogilevskii和Solonnikov于1992年在表面张力系数可以不是常数情况下证明了初值问题小时间解在Holder空间的存在性；对于上面是自由边界、下面是固定边界且两边界在无限处趋于水平的无限区域中粘性不可压流体的非定常运动问题，Beale于1981年在忽略表面张力情况下证明了初值问题小时间解在Sobolev空间的存在性，Allain于1983年在有表面张力情况下证明了R中初值问题小时间解在Sobolev空间的存在性，但其中假定初始区域近似是个水平条，他于1987年去掉了这个假定得到同样的结果，Tani于1996年在有表面张力情况下证明了R中初值问题小时间解在Sobolev空间的存在性；对于R中内面是自由边界、外面是旋转边界S的有界区域中粘性不可压流体的非定常运动问题，Ciuperca于1995年在忽略表面张力情况下证明了初值问题小时间解在Sobolev空间的存在性，本文考虑了在有表面张力情况下初值问题可解性问题。

Compared with the invariant features of single parameter group, entirely global affine invariant features are more applicable, and chapter 4 introduces a new global affine invariant feature extraction method called EC-ARC, which is based on the invariance in affine geometry.

然后，提出了扩展质心(Extended Centroid， EC)和仿射区域划分(Affine Region Cutting， ARC)的新概念，并在EC和ARC的基础上，结合仿射几何性质，提出了构造具有完全仿射不变性的特征提取方法EC-ARC。

Thismethod adopted affine transformation model and a Lie derivative-based analytical algorithm.We introduced the process and characters in extracting information of biological visionsystem, studied the feasibility of the generalized Gabor function used as receptive fieldfunction in extracting information and analyzed affine transformation group and Liederivatives. Finally, we deduced the mathematical denotation for Lie derivatives, i.e. theinfinitesimal generator of the geometric distortion in affine transformation.

对生物视觉信息提取的过程及特点进行了介绍，其中主要研究了广义Gabor函数作为感受野函数提取初级视觉信息的可行性；对仿射变换作为外界图像信息在视觉成像系统上的投影模型的原理进行了初步讨论；对Lie变换群微分算子用于提取仿射变换不变量的分析方法作了剖析，并推导了该方法中关键部分——仿射变换Lie微分算子的具体表达式，也就是几何变形无限小微分算子的计算表达式，使下一步编程实现该方法成为可能。

SIFT（Scale Invariant Feature Transform） local feature is chosen because of its scale invariance and the property of accurate key-point localization.The Euclidean distance between different SIFT feature vectors is defined as the measure of similarity to get the pre-matched key-point pairs.The affine transform model is used to realize the registration.In order to get the accurate affine transform parameter,the principal of affine transform error is used to get rid of mismatched key-point pairs from the pre-matched pairs.

该方法选取具有良好尺度、旋转不变性以及精确特征点定位能力的SIFT局部特征，使用其特征向量间的欧氏距离作为相似性度量进行特征点匹配，并依据仿射变换误差准则去除奇异匹配特征点对，采用仿射变换的几何模型，实现了遥感图像的快速自动配准。

In the fourth chapter, firstly it introduces the Boolean functions algebraic expressions of the 2-value clock-controlled stop-and-go generator and Gunther generator. It reveals the balanced property of the two kinds of Boolean functions, and studies the Walsh cycle spectrum and the autocorrelation function. It also obtains the coincidence rate of their output sequences with affine sum of some bits of input sequences, and analyzes their ability of resisting the best affine approximation cryptanalysis and differential cryptanalysis. Secondly, we properly present a new definition of the Best Affine Approximation, namely BAA on the Boolean vector functions, followed by the spectral characteristic of such defined BAA attacks through using the decomposition formula of the union distribution for random variables. A lower bound of such BAA attacks is proposed. Finally, we also study the spectral characteristic of the second kind of nonlinearity of Boolean vector functions, followed by a higher bound of such nonlinearity. Furthermore, the limited relationship between the second kind of nonlinearity of Boolean vector functions and the linear structure of the linear combination of every component is analyzed.

在第四章中，首先给出了2值密钥流"停走生成器"和"衮特生成器"中实际存在的布尔函数的代数表示，揭示了这两类布尔函数的平衡性，随后研究了它们的Walsh循环谱和自相关函数等，得到了它们的输出序列与输入序列中的某些bit的仿射项的符合率，分析了它们抵抗最佳仿射逼近攻击和差分攻击的能力；其次，我们合理地给出了布尔向量函数最佳仿射逼近的新定义，利用布尔随机变量联合分布的分解式考察了相应的谱特征，并给出了布尔向量函数与其最佳仿射逼近的符合率的一个下界；最后，我们还考察了布尔向量函数第二类非线性度的谱特征，给出了布尔向量函数第二类非线性度的一个上界，并揭示了布尔向量函数第二类非线性度与其各个分量的线性和的线性结构之间存在的制约关系。

You can get the best service in the first-class cabin, but you pay for it.

在头等舱可以得到最好的服务，但那是你付钱买来的。

It will make the characters of ethnical and local culture eliminated. On the other hand, this tendency stimulates the arousal of the selfconsciousness of ethnical and local culture. The selfconsciousness comes from the recognition, that is the global culture be a combination of kinds of local culture, not a one kind of culture.

民族和地区&的概念从来就是与&全球的概念相伴的，人类文化的全球化趋势同时也促进了民族性和地区性文化意志的勃兴和加强，它们构成了多种文化并存的全球文化体系中的有机组成部分。