查询词典 Witness

Specific instances of the conduct of a witness, for the purpose of attacking or supporting the witness' character for truthfulness, other than conviction of crime as provided in rule 609, may not be proved by extrinsic evidence They may, however, in the discretion of the court, if probative of truthfulness or untruthfulness, be inquired into on cross-examination of the witness (1) concerning the witness' character for truthfulness or untruthfulness, or (2) concerning the character for truthfulness or untruthfulness of another witness as to which character the witness being cross-examined has testified.

出于攻击或支持证人可靠性的目的，除规则609所规定的定罪判决外，关于证人行为的具体实例不得以外在证据予以证明。但若是为了证明证人可信或不可信，则根据法庭的自由裁量，可以通过对该证人交叉盘问以下两方面事项，予以调查关于证人行为的具体实例：(1)关于该证人可信与不可信的品格，以及(2)关于其他证人可信与不可信的品格，后者的品格在对该证人交叉盘问时曾得到证实。

At the last part, the article brings forward the primary legislative thought to setup expert witness system in China, through the startup principle between expert witness system and evaluation system, status-at-law, relative procedures, adoptability of testimony, right and obligation of expert witness.

在本文的最后一部分，作者结合当前实际，从专家证人制度与鉴定制度之间的启动原则、专家证人的法律地位、专家证人制度需确立的有关程序规则及专家证人的权利义务、专家证言的采信标准等方面对中国专家证人制度的设立提出了初步的立法构想。

Where with respect to any question a witness objects to answer on the ground that his answer may tend to criminate him, or may tend to establish his liability to a civil proceeding at the instance of the Crown or of any person, and if but for this Act, or the Act of any provincial legislature, the witness would therefore have been excused from answering the question, then although the witness is by reason of this Act or the provincial Act compelled to answer, the answer so given shall not be used or admissible in evidence against him in any criminal trial or other criminal proceeding against him thereafter taking place, other than a prosecution for perjury in the giving of that evidence or for the giving of contradictory evidence.

我在人权委员会是说了实话（当时失去生活来源时的绝望想法），而这个实话是加拿大政府依据以上这些法律迫使我说出的。由于我是被迫说出自己当时的想法，如果我的想法使任何人感到了威胁，那只能是加拿大政府强迫我威胁对方的，因为没有加拿大政府的要求我本来不会说出来的，也就没有人会感到被威胁了的。所以犯威胁罪的不是我而是加拿大政府。

We can comprehend the mode of the system of immunity of witness like that: the witness refusing to testify according to the prior condition of " the privilege against self- incrimination " The prosecutor has the absolute controlling power to start the immunity of witness.

作证豁免制度一般模式为：前提条件一般为证人基于"反对强迫自证其罪"特权拒绝作证；追诉方拥有作证豁免的绝对控制权；豁免的法律后果是证人如实提供证言，司法机关彻底免除或有限免除其刑事责任；豁免不排除对证人以作伪证或藐视法庭而给予处罚。

To eliminate the phenomenon, we should draw up the rules about it, eliminate testimony out of law, and provide the penalty step to the witness who refuses to testify in the court. Of course, we also should protect the witness and restrict arbitrariness of the judger to the witness.

要消除这种状况，须从制度上规定证人出庭规则，排除不合法的庭外言词证言，规定证人不出庭的惩罚措施及证人保护规则，限制法官对证人出庭的独断权。

We can find the traces of the system in such practices ranging from witness taking an oath in ancient China to the witness swearing to God while pressing his hand on the Holy Bible in modern western courts, from the system of oath helper in western history to the witness warranty sys.

宣誓制度在诉讼程序中的存续由来已久，从中国古代的盟誓行为到现代西方法庭中的证人面对《圣经》向上帝发誓，从西方历史上的辅助宣誓人制度到当今中国的证人保证书制度，我们都可以看到宣誓制度的面貌和身影。

We can comprehend the mode of the system of immunity of witness like that: the witness refusing to testify according to the prior condition of " the privilege against self- incrimination " The prosecutor has the absolute controlling power to start the immunity of witness.

作证豁免制度一般模式为：前提条件一般为证人基于&反对强迫自证其罪&特权拒绝作证；追诉方拥有作证豁免的绝对控制权；豁免的法律后果是证人如实提供证言，司法机关彻底免除或有限免除其刑事责任；豁免不排除对证人以作伪证或藐视法庭而给予处罚。

The expert witness of forensic accounting, as a special type of the system of expert witness, is a litigation activity witch the forensic accountants explain and refer to accounting evidence at court using their accounting, auditing and law knowledge and experience.

法务专家证人制度作为专家证人制度中的一种特殊类型，主要是指具有、会计、审计等相关知识的法务会计专业人员在开庭审理前和审理过程中对所涉法务会计专业问题进行证据咨询解释和损失计量的诉讼活动。

Expert witness of forensic accounting, as a special type of the system of expert witness, is a litigation activity witch the forensic accountants explain and refer to accounting evidence at court using their accounting, auditing and law knowledge and experience.

法务专家证人制度作为专家证人制度中的一种特殊类型，主要是指具有、会计、审计等相关知识的法务会计专业人员在开庭审理前和审理过程中对所涉法务会计专业进行证据咨询解释和损失计量的诉讼活动。

Some systematic factors, such as written testimony confirmation, big judicature and whole-proceeding liability of perjury, urge judges to be averse from witness presence in court, and the system of police as witness in court has no support of cultural tradition of suspicion to power and individual enthusiasm.

我国目前呼唤"证人出庭"是一个叶公好龙式的伪命题，无论是法官、控辩双方、被害人，还是警察等都没有做好证人出庭的准备。其中书面证言确认制度、"大司法机关"体制、证人全程伪证责任等因素促生法官不情愿证人出庭的心理，而警察出庭作证制度缺乏"怀疑权力"的文化传统和个人积极性。

"The operators will suffer a temporary decrease in the number of consumers and short message services as people may not like having to provide their ID cards for a phone number," Xu Junqi, vice-dean with the Policy-Making Institute of the Telecommunications Research Centre under MII, said yesterday.

信息产业部下属的通信决策研究院副主任徐俊其昨天说：&实行手机实名制后，人们可能不太情愿用身份证注册手机号，所以通信运营商会暂时面临用户减少和短信用户减少的问题。&

I don't believe in make-believe!

我不相信这些虚构的故事。