查询词典 Flow

It is shown that laser anemometry, as a non-intrusive anemometer, is more suitable and convenient than traditional instruments in application to rotational flow fields, especially to the flow within centrifugal impellers which have only small width of flow passage.

研究表明，激光测速仪作为一种先进的非接触式测速仪器在旋转流场特别是流道高度很小的离心旋转流场的研究中较之传统仪器更合适、更方便。

ABSTRACT In this paper, an investigation on the helical ports was carried out in a steady-flow rig. The three velocity Components of air flow through the intake valve of several typical helical ports were measured by hot-wire anemometry for analysing the relationships between intake port geometry and swirl level as well as flow resistance.

本文在稳流气道试验台上对螺旋进气道进行了大量的研究，为了分析螺旋进气道的结构形状与涡流强度及流动阻力的关系，采用热线风速仪测量并分析了不同气道的气门口气体流速。

By using Laser Doppler Anemometry, the local liquid velocity profiles of the single-phase flow and two-phase crossing flow were measured on a sieve tray simulator. The effect of gas on liquid under crossing flow was studied.

本文通过使用激光多普勒测速仪对矩形塔板上液相单相流和气液错流情况下的局部液相流场进行测量，考察了气液错流时气相对其周围局部液相流场的影响。

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

Six cases were found to have normal direction of flow,but in the functional test of the involved upper limb,the reversal flow peak value of the ill vertebral artery increased,or the direction of flow turned from normal to reverse.2-dimensional ultrasound showed that 90% of subclavian steal syndrome were caused by arteriosclerosis,10% caused by aortitis.

结果 TCD检查时，24例患者中18例均表现为椎动脉血流反向，肢体束臂试验反向血流增加，6例血流方向正常，束臂试验患侧椎动脉反向峰值血流速度增快，或由正向变为反向。二维超声示引起锁骨下动脉盗血综合征的病因动脉硬化占90％，大动脉炎占10%。

The Dongchuan mud-rock flow is called "the world mud-rock flow naturalhistory museum", the sublime mud-rock flow argil place, becomes theunusual traveling resources and the automobile cross country athleticsheaven.

东川泥石流被称为"世界泥石流自然博物馆"，壮美的泥石流白土地，成为奇特的旅游资源和汽车越野竞技者的天堂。

The program software of the controller was programmed with assemble language. The program flow charts including the main program flow chart and the flow chart of T0 interrupt service program are presented in the paper.

控制器的软件采用汇编语言编程，同时给出了包括主程序流程和T0中断服务程序流程的程序流程图。

Proceeding from the viewpoint of two-phase flow,the Bernoulli equation for silt-laden water flow is derived, which reflects real mechanic characteristics of silt-laden water flow.

从两相流动观点出发，推导了含沙水流时的伯努利方程式，使其更能真实地反映含沙水流的力学特性；对含沙水流条件下水轮机的工作参数进行了定义，进而推出其具体计算方法。

By using network flow theory, the optimization problem of power conservation is transformed into the optimal bipartition problem of a flow network which can be partitioned by the max-flow mm-cut algorithm.

利用网络流理论，将节约电量的最优化问题转化为一个流网络的最优分割问题，而后者可采用最大流最小切割算法实现最优切分。

By using network flow theory,the optimization problem of power conservation is transformed into the optimal bipartition problem of a flow network which can be partitioned by the max-flow min-cut algorithm.

利用网络流理论，将节约电量的最优化问题转化为一个流网络的最优分割问题，而后者可采用最大流最小切割算法实现最优切分。

I hope that this success is just the first in a long series.

我希望这只是成功的开始。

Three dimensional stresses on the interface of tire and soil, tire deflection and soil sinkage are measured.

测试轮胎——沙土界面上的三向应力、轮胎变形和沙土沉陷；建立考虑剪切应力对沙土承载特性产生影响的车轮牵引性能预测模型；分析车轮作用下土壤的纵向稳定性。