针对

基本解释 (translations)

contrapose

词组短语

aim at · be directed against · be aimed at

与针对相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

Multiple trials is the basic concept of many parallel simulated annealing. It is to perform multiple trials at the same time to search acceptable solutions. The division simulated annealing with no communication and The clustering simulated annealing are two common types of parallel simulated annealing methods. The division simulated annealing with no communication makes each processor generate its own adjacent solution from its own current solution and compute the acceptance probability for a adjacent solution. Each of the processors searches solutions without communicating each other. Clustering simulated annealing makes each processor generate its own adjacent solution from a common current solution and compute the acceptance probability for each adjacent solution. Then, it decides which adjacent solution should be used to replace current solution according to a pre-specified rule.

许多平行模拟退火法之理论依据为多向试验，利用同一时间探索更多方向的试验来拓展搜寻的广度或深度，不进行沟通的分工模拟退火法(the division simulated annealing with no communication)以及丛集模拟退火法(the clustering simulated annealing)皆为平行化的模拟退火法，前者定义为各个处理器针对各自的起始解进行搜寻，产生各自的搜寻序列，在搜寻过程中处理器不进行任何沟通，各处理器仅针对自身之目前解进行搜寻；而后者定义为让所有处理器针对同一目前解进行运算搜寻各自的可能解，并各自决定其产出解之接受机率，最后根据事先决定之规则进行沟通比较，挑选其中一个可接受解取代目前解。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

In accordance with discrete, non-symmetry and time-delay feedback neural networks, we provide some theoretical criteria to judge the stability for designing the networks. On continuous feedback networks, we built an algorithm to estimate the convergence region. On the HNN feedback networks, an effective optimization algorithm based on the annealing strategy and the chaotic neural network is presented, and some disciplinary conclusions are provided to guide the selection of parameters. Simulation results on benchmark problems demonstrate that the performances of our algorithm are distinctly superior to those of the classic HNN based on gradient descend and stochastic optimization methods based on probabilistic distribution.

针对离散、非对称和时延等三种类型的动态反馈网络，给出了可用于网络设计的稳定性判别准则；针对连续动态反馈网络，建立了其收敛域估计的一个算法；针对以HNN模型描述的动态反馈网络，基于退火策略和混沌神经网络提出了一种高效的优化算法，建立了可用于指导参数选择的一些规律性结论，对典型算例的仿真研究显示，改进算法在各类性能上相对基于梯度下降的传统HNN模型和基于概率分布的随机优化算法，具有明显的优越性。

A pleader may either state as a cross-claim against a co-party any claim that the co-party is or may be liable to the cross-claimant for all or part of a claim asserted in the action against the cross-claimant; or move for judgment for contribution against any other joint judgment debtor, where in a single action a judgment has been entered against joint tortfeasors one of whom has discharged the judgment by payment or has paid more than his pro rata share thereof.

在单一诉讼中，针对共同请求人中一人已经通过清偿履行判决或者支付了超过其按份份额的判决，诉讼当事人可能既可以陈述作为针对共同当事人交叉请求的任何关于共同当事人任何应该或者可能应该对针对交叉诉状提出的交叉诉讼中的全部或者部分负责的请求；也可以关于针对任何其他共同判决债务人的分摊判决的动议。

It is valued solely as an ersatz and according to its image as a product in itself.

与调侃针对社会政治话语资源和戏仿针对文化传统话语资源不同的是，反讽针对的是人们的日常生活常识，它以现实的表现手法向观众提示，任何事物以及表述事物的方式都是偶然的历史和环境的产物，背后没有任何超越时间和机缘的永恒不变的所谓真理。

Further more, the thesis lucubrates some key techniques: aiming at the management of the distributed objects, we skillfully construct the isomorphic project object tree for the real projects structure by using the CORBA naming service, and laconically and effectively implement the management of the services and modules by using the location service. And we also propose a design which uses CORBA event service and Borland MIDAS to implement the distributed data service in a creative way and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of this design at the same time.

并针对一些关键技术做了深入的讨论和分析，例如针对整个系统的分布式对象的管理，巧妙地借用CORBA的名字服务构造了同构于实际工程组织的工程对象树，同时使用定位服务简洁而有效的实现了对服务和模块的管理；针对分布式数据库的实现，创造性地提出了一种使用CORBA事件服务和Borland MIDAS组件来实现分布式数据服务的设计，并实现了这个设计，同时分析了这种设计的优劣。

The sufficient conditions to guarantee robust exponential stability for the closed-loop systems are obtained based on Linear Matrix Inequality, moreover, the approach of design of robust H# output feedback controller is introduced.3 The problem of reliable H# control for a class of Lur"e systems with polytopic uncertainties is studied when all control components are operational as well as when some control components experience failures, the design approach of reliable H# controller is also obtained.4 Considering a class of uncertain Lur"e singular system with time-delays, the problem of robust stability is investigated based on Barbalats Lemma and nonsingular linear transformation of model reduction.

针对一类不确定Lur'e奇异时滞系统，基于Barbalat引理以及非奇异降阶变换，讨论了Lur'e奇异时滞系统的鲁棒稳定问题，提出了鲁棒H_∞状态浙江大学博士学位论文反馈控制器的设计方法。5、针对一类具有饱和执行器的不确定Lur'e奇异系统，提出了时滞依赖的鲁棒稳定与鲁棒二次镇定的充分条件，所的结果不需要参数的整定。6、针对任意协方差有界的有色噪声，讨论了一类不确定Lur'e奇异系统的鲁棒凡滤波问题，得出了鲁棒几滤波器设计的充分条件。7、针对一类不确定Lur'e时滞系统，通过线性变换，把它转换成奇异系统，根据奇异系统鲁棒控制理论所得出的鲁棒稳定与鲁棒镇定控制器设计的充分条件具有很小的保守性。

Firstly,we particularly explained the algorithmic of themusic recognition.Then,we made a study of the music characteristic and the musicrecognition methods.As for the burrs of the music signal,we put forward a curveplastic method to eliminate the burrs.Considering the difficulties of detecting thepoint of the music speech,we made use of the multi-frequency energy curve to detectthe end-point of the music signal with the crossing zeros rate.As for thedisadvantages of the large operation and influence of the formant,we improved theAMDF theory with the linear prediction algorithmic to detect the error.In order toobtain the characteristic parameter of the music signal,wo calculate the MFCCparameter to obtain the template and the pending signal characteristic parameter.Inorder to improve the rate of the recognition,considering the disadvantages of theDTW algorithmic,we find a new method to improved the DTW algorithmic bybroadening the point of the music signal and made simulation experimentation;As forthe disadvantages of the contraposition grade to the pitch,cadent and sing name,wefind a method to dynaic adjust the results of the recognition to improve the accuracyof the grade.

详细阐述了嵌入式音乐识别算法的详细设计与实现，研究了音乐语言的特点和音乐识别的侧重点，并阐述了基于音乐信号特色的语音处理及识别方法；针对音乐信号中的毛刺干扰，提出了曲线整形的思想，消除了音乐信号中的毛刺；针对音乐信号端点检测困难的特点，利用多频段能量曲线分割结合过零率来实现端点准确检测；针对音高提取运算量大且容易受共振峰影响的特点，利用线性预测残差的方法对传统的AMDF算法进行了改进并提取出了音高，在实际实现时，优化了AMDF算法，减少了计算量；为了得到较好的特征参数，通过求取梅尔频标倒谱系数的方法，分别提取了模板信号特征参数和待测信号特征参数；为了提高识别率，针对传统DTW算法的缺陷，采用了放宽端点和声刺激法改进了传统的DTW算法的性能并进行了仿真试验，使音乐识别率得到明显提高；在音高、节奏评分时，针对对位评分的缺点，采取了动态调整的方法提高了评分的准确度。

Adopts the all- air and natural ventilation system for the opening north wall;the floating floor and isolation table to isolate machine vibration,the sounds insulation materials between two walls to insulate noises in the plant;the air conditioning system separately for the audience area and sports area,the fan-coil unit and floor heating system only for the sports area to adapt the use after the Olympic Games,the natural ventil...

针对1层两个比赛厅北墙敞开的特点，采用全空气空调系统、排风从敞开空间自然排出方案；针对空调机房距4个比赛厅仅一墙或一板之隔的特点，空调机隔振采用浮筑楼板加减振台板、隔声采用双墙中间夹隔声材料层的方案；针对奥运会后观众区改作他用、运动区继续作集训使用的特点，观众区和运动区各有一套空调系统，运动区另设风机盘管和地板供暖；针对步枪、手枪射击时产生弹药味的特点，采用吊顶设通风格栅、高窗设电动开启的自然通风方案。

Also in this chapter,aproper inter-relationship between the arbitral tribunal and the court,thearbitration commission,the arbitration association is proposed for theperfection of arbitration mechanics;improvements to the theory ofempowerment by the parties and the theory of empowerment by law areproposed for the perfection of the theory of arbitration empowerment;for the perfection of the theory of exercise of arbitral power,reinforcements are proposed to the concrete powers of the tribunal,theissue how the tribunal should exercise its discretionary powers isdiscussed,and improvements are proposed to the theory of immunity ofarbitrators in the exercise of arbitral power;for the perfection of thetheory of safeguards for arbitral impartiality,it is proposed thatsafeguarding mechanism for internal supervision should be establishedas soon as possible and strengthened;improvements to theories forcourt support and supervision of arbitral power are also suggested.

同时，本章针对仲裁机制的完善，提出了如何正确处理仲裁庭与法院、与仲裁委员会、仲裁协会等的关系；针对仲裁授权理论的完善，提出了如何完善当事人授权理论和法律授权理论；针对仲裁权行使理论的完善，提出了应如何进一步强化仲裁庭的具体权力，仲裁庭应如何行使自由裁量权，以及如何完善仲裁权行使中的仲裁员免责理论；针对对仲裁权公正性保障理论的完善，提出了应如何尽快建立并强化内部监督的保障机制，以及如何完善法院对仲裁权的支持与监督理论。

与针对相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

address oneself to 1：针对...而说(或写) 2. 致力于

a funeral address 悼词 | address oneself to 1. 针对...而说(或写) 2. 致力于 | adequate a. 适当的,足够的

aim at：瞄准,针对

20. get ahead 胜过,超过 | 21. aim at 瞄准, 针对 | 22. by air 乘飞机

aim at doing：针对,瞄准

85.be proud of 以---引以为荣; | 86.aim at doing针对,瞄准; | 87.improve living standards提高生活水平;

aim at 1：(以...)瞄准; 针对, 以...为目标 2 计划, 打算

Islam n. 1 伊斯兰教 2 (总称)伊斯兰教徒, 穆斯林 | aim at 1 (以...)瞄准; 针对, 以...为目标 2 计划, 打算 | ultra-Orthodox Jewish community 极端正统犹太教社区

aim for：力争...,针对

ahead of 在...前面,先于;胜过 | aim for 力争...,针对 | all along 始终,一直,一贯

aim for：力争...,针对;瞄准,以...为目标

aim at 目的在于,力争 | aim for 力争......,针对;瞄准,以......为目标 | all along 顺着, 沿着, 一贯, 向来, 从来

Oslash; aim for：力争...,针对

" ahead of 在...前面,先于;胜过 | " aim for 力争...,针对 | " all along 始终,一直,一贯

direct at：指向,针对

391. be on a diet 节食 | 393. direct at 指向,针对 | 394. direct to 指向,针对

Imprisoning journalists? That's for other countries：监禁记者? 那是针对别国的

We should shudder at the thought.|我们要好好考虑... | Imprisoning journalists? That's for other countries.|监禁记者? 那是针对别国的 | That's for countries who fear their citizens,|是针对那些害怕受到指责...

execution levied against：针对......实施的......执行

执行债务人-----execution debtor | 针对......实施的......执行-----execution levied against . . . | 可......针对......发出执行程序文件-----execution may issue against . . .