道德观念

基本解释 (translations)

mores

词组短语

moral idea

与道德观念相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

However,the emergence and spread of benthamism and egoism in society in recent years have a great impact on college students' moral concepts,so they feel confused and pu...

然而，近年来随着社会上"功利主义"、"利己主义"等思潮的滋生和蔓延，大学生们的良好道德观念受到很大冲击，于是，他们为道德而困惑和迷惘。

By criticizing Stirnen's egoism, it illustrates the foundation of value and the development of human ethic ideology, stresses the close connection between human moral concept and realistic life, and criticizes the wrong trend of frothy value impartment without considering concrete social and historical conditions.

特别是通过对施蒂纳利己主义思想的批判，阐明了道德的基础以及人类伦理思想发展演变的轨迹，强调了人们的道德观念都与其现实生活条件密切相关，批判了离开具体的社会历史条件进行空洞的道德说教的错误倾向。

From May 4th Movement of 1919 to the 1920s, sex love narrations in Chinese novels were rather an enlightenment and liberation in that particular era with four characteristics. Firstly, sexual desire was endowed with rationality with regard to liberation of human nature and mutual love. Secondly, with an epochal concern for a stronger and superior race, greater attention was paid to sexual parties concerned, mainly physically. Thirdly, new ethics on sex were promoted in that personal freedom on sex love was emphasized and sex love became an important way of self-fulfillment. Therefore, independence of sex love was advocated and the scope of sex love was also widened. Fourthly, the sex consciousness of this period had the mixed features of the past and the contemporary. Sex love narrations in the 1930s and 1940s showed a further exploration on the theme of human nature. First of all, sex was restored to a kind of desire. ShenCongwen probed the importance of harmonious sex love to a sound personality and Shi Zhecunrevealed that sexual inhibition could lead to the distortion, even frenzy of human nature. Bothexplored the influence and functions of sexual desire as human nature upon human personality,giving prominence to the irresistibleness of sexual desire and the significance of sexual desire asa motive. Then, human bodies driven by sexual desire were described and given greater attentionto. Next, ethics on sex were deconstructed either by Shen Congwen who opposed man-madeethics with law of nature and the School of New Sensation who replaced traditional ethics on sexwith exchange rules in consumption, or by Shi Zhecun who spared no efforts in representing thecomplete failure of social rules, including ethics on sex, due to the impact from sexual desire.The direct effect was a paleness of the ethical binding force on sex. Last, sex consciousness inthe works of female writers emerged. In the early works of Ding Ling, the sexual desire of thefemale is no longer a ramification of emotion but an independent one. In addition, in the sex lovenarrations of other female writers, such as Mei Niang, strong self-consciousness on the socialstatus of the female is also reflected. Sex love narrations in the late 1970s and early 1980s wereactually a re-enlightenment in the spirit of humanism, whose major features include humanisticlegitimation of sex love within the boundary of ethics, a blend of sex love narrations withnational concepts and national myths as well as the aesthetic, poetic descriptions of humanbodies etc. In the middle and late 1980s, sex love narrations entered a stage of exploration forpluralism. First, by restoration of sexual desire, writers of this era restored human nature, thevery original state of human being. Different emphasis and tendencies could be seen in differentwriters: looking at sex love dialectically and trying to describe its creative as well as destructivecharacteristics; connecting sex love with violence and trying to reveal the evil side of humannature through it; emphasizing the creativeness of sex love especially in the heritage of"wildness".

从"五四"到20世纪20年代，中国小说的性爱叙事是一种处在时代夹缝中的启蒙和解放，其所表现出来的特点，一是正面赋予性欲望以合理性，这种合理性是在人性解放和爱情前提下获得的；二是在强种育种的时代焦虑影响下小说性爱叙事表现出对物质身体的关注，其焦点主要在体格方面；三是树立起新的性伦理道德观念，表现为强调在性爱问题上的个人选择自由，性爱成为个人自我实现的重要方式，从而赋予人在性爱问题上的独立性，同时还扩大了性爱表现的领域；四，这个时期小说性爱叙事中所表现出的性意识还具有新旧杂糅的特点。30、40年代小说性爱叙事表现出对人性主题的深化与丌拓，首先是把性还原为欲望本身来探索，沈从文从和谐性爱对健全人性的决定作用、施蛰存从性压抑会导致人性扭曲甚至疯狂的角度探讨作为人类本质性欲望的性对人性产生的影响和作用，突出了性欲力量的不可抗拒和作为人类行为的重要动力等方面的内容；其次在叙事中表现出对欲望化了的身体的描绘与关注；第三是解构了性的伦理道德，无论是沈从文以自然法则来反对人为的道德设置还是新感觉派用消费交换原则替代传统性伦理道德，或是施蛰存极力表现包括性伦理规范在内的社会法则在性欲力量冲击下溃不成军，其直接的效果都是使性伦理道德对人的约束力量显得苍白虚弱；第四，出现了由女性作家表现的女性性意识，在丁玲的早期作品中女性的性欲望不再是作为感情的衍生物而是独立的欲望存在，而在梅娘等其他女作家的小说性爱叙事中则表现出对女性社会地位的强烈自觉意识。70年代末80年代初期小说的性爱叙事实际上是在人道主义语境下的再次启蒙，其主要特征一是性爱在人道主义前提下获得合法性，但要求性爱不超出伦理规定的范围；再就是将性爱叙事同国家观念和民族神话相融合；此外还有对身体的描写审美化诗意化等。80年代中后期，小说性爱叙事进入了多元化探索的阶段，作家通过还原性欲望来还原人性、还原人类的本真状态，不同作家笔下表现为不同的侧重和倾向——以辨证的方式看待性爱，写出其具有的创造性力量和毁灭性特征；将性爱与暴力相联系并通过其来表现人性的黑暗；强调性爱的创造性作用，尤其在民族"血性"的传承方面。

In my paper I show how neo-Kantian emphasis on the priority of obligations to rights in political thinking lends support to Cohen's claim that justice requires an egalitarian ethos fostered and supported from the bottom up, through the way in which members of a liberal society conduct their lives.

在本文中，我将表明，新康德主义政治思想中对义务优先于权利的强调是如何支持了科亨的观点，科亨认为，正义要求一种得到无保留鼓励和支持的平等主义道德观念，而一个自由社会的成员就在这种道德观念中指导着自己的生活。

Based on transcendentalism ,he describes the foundation and principle of morality.

同时，他还在自己的体系中试图合理解决道德观念与道德实践即道德的超验部分和经验部分的分歧和隔离。

The network is a double-blade sword. It brings both conveniences for human beings and a lot of ethical problems: the bad changes arise in the harmonious ethical relation of real life, ethical ideas of the network subject become confusable and the network subject commits a great many ethical substandard behaviors .

网络是一柄双刃剑，在给人类社会带来便利的同时，也带来了一些网络道德问题：使现实生活中和谐的伦理关系发生了不良的变化，使网络主体出现了道德观念上的紊乱以及道德行为上的失范。

The four articles show the preliminarily philosophical transmutation on the view of moral between heaven and human made by Confucius on the basis of the ideas of heaven and human formed from the Xia, Shang,Western Zhou dynasties to the Spring and Autumn period; they reveal Confucius' orientation to think which transformed the traditional heaven as dominator into the moral heaven, and transformed the relationship between the subject and the metaphysical existence from external transcendence to innerness; thus they relieve Confucius as a keen and profound thinker at that time.

本文通过对帛书易传《二三子问》、《易之义》、《要》、《缪和、昭力》四篇的分析，认为帛传四篇为孔子《易》论，其中包涵着《论语》、《孔子集语》、传世本《易传》等反映孔子思想的传世文献所隐微罕见的天人道德观念；帛传四篇表现了孔子在涵括三代以至春秋新旧天人观念的基础上对于天人内涵的初步的哲学改造，反映了孔子将传统的主宰之天转化为道德之天、并将传统的主体对于形上存在的外在超越关系转化为内在超越关系的致思取向，从而凸显了孔子作为当时敏锐而深邃的思想家的形象；帛传四篇所涵具的孔子天人道德思想补足了三代天命德政观与思孟天道性命思想之间的逻辑缺环，是经由曾子而达致《中庸》、郭店儒家简、《孟子》乃至传世本《易传》所体现的天道性命思想高峰的理论根据。

The four articles show the preliminarily philosophical transmutation on the view of moral between heaven and human made by Confucius on the basis of the ideas of heaven and human formed from the Xia, Shang, Western Zhou dynasties to the Spring and Autumn period; they reveal Confucius' orientation to think which transformed the traditional heaven as dominator into the moral heaven, and transformed the relation- ship between the subject and the metaphysical existence from external transcendence to innerness; thus they relieve Confucius as a keen and profound thinker at that time.

本文通过对帛书易传《二三子问》、《易之义》、《要》、《缪和、昭力》四篇的分析，认为帛传四篇为孔子《易》论，其中包涵着《论语》、《孔子集语》、传世本《易传》等反映孔子思想的传世文献所隐微罕见的天人道德观念；帛传四篇表现了孔子在涵括三代以至春秋新旧天人观念的基础上对于天人内涵的初步的哲学改造，反映了孔子将传统的主宰之天转化为道德之天、并将传统的主体对于形上存在的外在超越关系转化为内在超越关系的致思取向，从而凸显了孔子作为当时敏锐而深邃的思想家的形象；帛传四篇所涵具的孔子天人道德思想补足了三代天命德政观与思孟天道性命思想之间的逻辑缺环，是经由曾子而达致《中庸》、郭店儒家简、《孟子》乃至传世本《易传》所体现的天道性命思想高峰的理论根据。

The economic change actuates the concept of people, and cause new moral concept and standard, but at the same time, some noaharchaic conception and behavior comes back again.

转型经济促使人们观念更新，催生了一些新的道德观念、道德标准，同时也使一些腐朽、落后的观念和行为死灰复燃。

From May 4th Movement of 1919 to the 1920s, sex love narrations in Chinese novels were rather an enlightenment and liberation in that particular era with four characteristics. Firstly, sexual desire was endowed with rationality with regard to liberation of human nature and mutual love. Secondly, with an epochal concern for a stronger and superior race, greater attention was paid to sexual parties concerned, mainly physically. Thirdly, new ethics on sex were promoted in that personal freedom on sex love was emphasized and sex love became an important way of self-fulfillment. Therefore, independence of sex love was advocated and the scope of sex love was also widened. Fourthly, the sex consciousness of this period had the mixed features of the past and the contemporary. Sex love narrations in the 1930s and 1940s showed a further exploration on the theme of human nature. First of all, sex was restored to a kind of desire. ShenCongwen probed the importance of harmonious sex love to a sound personality and Shi Zhecunrevealed that sexual inhibition could lead to the distortion, even frenzy of human nature. Bothexplored the influence and functions of sexual desire as human nature upon human personality,giving prominence to the irresistibleness of sexual desire and the significance of sexual desire asa motive. Then, human bodies driven by sexual desire were described and given greater attentionto. Next, ethics on sex were deconstructed either by Shen Congwen who opposed man-madeethics with law of nature and the School of New Sensation who replaced traditional ethics on sexwith exchange rules in consumption, or by Shi Zhecun who spared no efforts in representing thecomplete failure of social rules, including ethics on sex, due to the impact from sexual desire.The direct effect was a paleness of the ethical binding force on sex. Last, sex consciousness inthe works of female writers emerged. In the early works of Ding Ling, the sexual desire of thefemale is no longer a ramification of emotion but an independent one. In addition, in the sex lovenarrations of other female writers, such as Mei Niang, strong self-consciousness on the socialstatus of the female is also reflected. Sex love narrations in the late 1970s and early 1980s wereactually a re-enlightenment in the spirit of humanism, whose major features include humanisticlegitimation of sex love within the boundary of ethics, a blend of sex love narrations withnational concepts and national myths as well as the aesthetic, poetic descriptions of humanbodies etc. In the middle and late 1980s, sex love narrations entered a stage of exploration forpluralism. First, by restoration of sexual desire, writers of this era restored human nature, thevery original state of human being. Different emphasis and tendencies could be seen in differentwriters: looking at sex love dialectically and trying to describe its creative as well as destructivecharacteristics; connecting sex love with violence and trying to reveal the evil side of humannature through it; emphasizing the creativeness of sex love especially in the heritage of"wildness".

从&五四&到20世纪20年代，中国小说的性爱叙事是一种处在时代夹缝中的启蒙和解放，其所表现出来的特点，一是正面赋予性欲望以合理性，这种合理性是在人性解放和爱情前提下获得的；二是在强种育种的时代焦虑影响下小说性爱叙事表现出对物质身体的关注，其焦点主要在体格方面；三是树立起新的性伦理道德观念，表现为强调在性爱问题上的个人选择自由，性爱成为个人自我实现的重要方式，从而赋予人在性爱问题上的独立性，同时还扩大了性爱表现的领域；四，这个时期小说性爱叙事中所表现出的性意识还具有新旧杂糅的特点。30、40年代小说性爱叙事表现出对人性主题的深化与丌拓，首先是把性还原为欲望本身来探索，沈从文从和谐性爱对健全人性的决定作用、施蛰存从性压抑会导致人性扭曲甚至疯狂的角度探讨作为人类本质性欲望的性对人性产生的影响和作用，突出了性欲力量的不可抗拒和作为人类行为的重要动力等方面的内容；其次在叙事中表现出对欲望化了的身体的描绘与关注；第三是解构了性的伦理道德，无论是沈从文以自然法则来反对人为的道德设置还是新感觉派用消费交换原则替代传统性伦理道德，或是施蛰存极力表现包括性伦理规范在内的社会法则在性欲力量冲击下溃不成军，其直接的效果都是使性伦理道德对人的约束力量显得苍白虚弱；第四，出现了由女性作家表现的女性性意识，在丁玲的早期作品中女性的性欲望不再是作为感情的衍生物而是独立的欲望存在，而在梅娘等其他女作家的小说性爱叙事中则表现出对女性社会地位的强烈自觉意识。70年代末80年代初期小说的性爱叙事实际上是在人道主义语境下的再次启蒙，其主要特征一是性爱在人道主义前提下获得合法性，但要求性爱不超出伦理规定的范围；再就是将性爱叙事同国家观念和民族神话相融合；此外还有对身体的描写审美化诗意化等。80年代中后期，小说性爱叙事进入了多元化探索的阶段，作家通过还原性欲望来还原人性、还原人类的本真状态，不同作家笔下表现为不同的侧重和倾向——以辨证的方式看待性爱，写出其具有的创造性力量和毁灭性特征；将性爱与暴力相联系并通过其来表现人性的黑暗；强调性爱的创造性作用，尤其在民族&血性&的传承方面。

与道德观念相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

desirable：值得拥有的

罗尔斯因此说:稳定性明显是道德观念中一个值得拥有的(desirable)特征. 在其它条件相同的情况下,在原初状态(original position)中的人会选择更加稳定的正义原则. 一个正义观无论在其它方面多么吸引,如果根据道德心理学的原则,

disservice：危害

>几十年前的教诲:每一项技术都有"服务"(service)效应和"危害"(disservice)效应--给社会带来正面和负面后果. 我们习惯于把技术看作是价值中立的,而且完全受其人类实践者的道德观念支配. 不过,尼尔.波斯特曼在其著作>(Technopoly)中分析道,

Egalitarianism：平均主义

然而,如果说社会正义这个幻想早晚必定会破灭的话,[57]那么唯建构论道德观念中最具破坏性的因素便是平均主义(egalitarianism)了--当然,我们不能把这种平均主义也怪罪于卡尔.Marx.

professional ethic：职业道德

10. enhance the moral awareness of.... /增强...道德观念 | 11. professional ethic /职业道德 | 12. key disciplinary areas/ priority fields of study /关键学科领域/研究的重点领域

key disciplinary areas; priority fields of study：关键学科领域/研究的重点

10. enhance the moral awareness of.... /增强...道德观念 | 11. professional ethic /职业道德 | 12. key disciplinary areas/ priority fields of study /关键学科领域/研究的重点

harm：损害

其一,法律对自由的限制或者对个人的强制必须以"损害"(harm)他人为唯一条件,而且损害一般不包括在道德观念、个人行为方式、观感上"冒犯"(offend)他人. 其二,对于只涉及个人身心的事情,应完全由个人自主,

moralist：道德学家

摩根索和沃尔兹认为,现实主义理论中的权力源于国家偏好固定不变这一假定,正是基于这一假定,人们不会从杂乱无章的国内偏好的形成过程或是"道德学家"(moralist)希望观念影响世界政治的物质结构中寻找国家行为的原因,

morals：道德

但是我在谈伦理或"教育"关注这样一个观念的时候最关注的其实是任何与道德(morals)或道德体系(morality)有关的内容. 本书并不提供任何一种道德体系,当然也不提供和启蒙有关的道德体系. 关注伦理与假定一种有关个人自己的道德权威完全不是一回事.

Antitheses between evolution and ethics：(进化与道德之对比)

① Idea of historical development, tendency, or progression(历史发展、趋势或进步的观念) | ② Antitheses between evolution and ethics(进化与道德之对比) | ③ Spencer's interpretation(斯宾塞的解释)

strait-laced：固守道德观念的;拘谨的

radical 激进的 | strait-laced 固守道德观念的;拘谨的 | proto-feminist 原型女性主义者