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The Introduction mainly explains the aim, research area, methods and the relating works regarding this thesis. In Chapter One, the basic connotation of the "Academism" Northeast YangGe is summarized.

绪论主要阐明本文的研究范围、与本文相关的主要研究成果以及本文的研究方法和目的。

This paper is composed of six chapters. In the Introduction, the author outlines reasons for topic selection, scope of anil approach to research, major findings and key themes of each chapter. Chapter Ⅰ.

本文共有六章，结构安排与主要内容如下：导论，阐述了本文选题的缘由、研究对象与研究方法，阐述了本文的研究思路，概括了各章的主要内容和基本观点。

The first section is introduction; the second and the third sections discuss the parametric estimation; the fourth section is about the choice of factors, model test and characteristic model; the application of factor model in risk management will be discussed in the last section.

具体内容安排如下：第一章首先介绍本文研究的理论与现实意义；然后基于SDF定价框架，详细地论述了本文所要研究四个问题的内在联系，同时也为本文后面的模型讨论提供了一个框架；最后给出本文的研究主要内容和主要创新之处。

This paper is mainly divided into three parts:part one includes chapter one and chapter two,three,in which the concept,characteristic,establish,development and the important function of the Intellectual Property Rights are discussed;part two consists of chapter four,five,six,seven,in which the fundamental content of TRIPS Agreement and the distance of Chinese law are talked about in details;chapter eight is the third part,as the peroration.

本文共分三大部分：第一、二、三章构成本文的第一部分，主要介绍了知识产权的概念、特征、产生与发展以及其在经济增长中的的重要作用；第四、五、六、七章构成本文的第二部分，分别详尽论述了TRIPS协议的基本内容以及我国目前知识产权立法与TRIPS协议的差距，应采取的相应对策；第八章构成本文的第三部分，为结束语。

Basically, the contents of this paper are organized as follows: Firstly, it is interpreted that the technical identifications of higher education and economic growth and the relative theories such as human capital and new economic growth, which can make theatric basis for the further empirical study. After that, the paper is to construct a couple of index systems to depict higher education development and economic growth respectively. At the end of this paper, it will adopt the dynamic econometric models such as Granger causality test, co-integration test, VAR and VECM model, to evaluate the co-relations between the two systems. According to the empirical study, the paper comes to the conclusions as follows:(1) There really exists one-way causality between the economic growth and the higher education, i.e.

本文内容基本安排如下：首先本文阐述经济增长和高等教育发展的内涵及其相关的理论，为本文的实证研究奠定理论基础；然后构建高等教育发展和经济增长两个指标体系，以描述高等教育发展和经济增长两个多因素相互作用的复杂过程；最后本文以1978-2003年的时间序列数据为数据资源，运用Granger 因果检验、协整检验、VAR 模型以其向量误差纠正模型VECM 等动态经济计量模型进行实证分析。

After analyzing the merit and lack of 9I model, the main idea is proposed: to distill some basic topological relations from 9I model, of which the composite topological relations of complex objects are made up. In detail, the composite topological relationships between region and region, line and line, line and region are particularly discussed;(2)Analyze the characteristics and inner relations of cadastral features. According to the expressional model of complex topological relations, the author discovers the possible topological relations between parcels, parcel lines and parcel points. In addition, sum up the general topological relationship rules of cadastral data.(3) Then the topological relations model is extended to the spatio-temporal data. Time in cadastral database and change semantic are discussed. It's redefined that spatio-temporal topological relations is composed of time, location, status and event relation. Spatio-temporal topological relationships can be represented by extended 4I model. Taking cadastral parcels as example, there are different possible spatio-temporal topological relationships between parcels when they are extended, shrunken, split, merged or others. Thus, some deductions are drawn that, for example, if parcels have be coexisting for some time they are impossible to be overlapped. Furthermore, the parents of parcels alternated and their possible change types can be detected by their spatio-temporal topological relationships.(4) Before carrying out the experiment, the calculation method must be designed.

具体研究工作及成果如下：（1）根据点集拓扑理论中与拓扑空间相关的概念，本文对空间的点、线、面进行了重新定义，以区分对象的复杂性；分析了9I模型在表示简单对象方面的优点，以及在表达复杂对象上的不足，阐述了本文的研究思路和解决方案，并以复杂的面面、线线和线面为例详细探讨了复合拓扑关系的表达方法；（2）分析了地籍权属数据和地类数据的内涵、特点和要素之间的联系，根据复杂对象的拓扑关系表达模型，本文讨论了宗地、界址线、界址点之间，图斑、线状地物、零星地类之间可能存在的拓扑关系和形式化表达方法，归纳总结了地籍对象的拓扑关系满足的约束性规则；（3）将拓扑关系的研究延伸到时空领域，从地籍对象的时态性出发，本文阐述了地籍数据中时间的含义和变化语义描述的需要；从时间、位置、状态、事件等之间的拓扑关系方面，重新系统性地进行了时空拓扑关系的定义；研究了一维时间和二维空间的集成表达方式，以宗地、界址线为例，分析了变更前后不同时间区间里可能的拓扑关系，探讨了时空拓扑关系对时空变化操作类型和变化语义的推理方法和意义；（4）为实现空间拓扑关系的查询分析等应用，本文研究了空间拓扑关系的计算方法。

The first part is the introduction, which generally introduces the research purpose and significance of this thesis, the summary of the financial pre-warning researches both home and abroad, and the research main contexts and research methods; The second part is the comparison on the financial pre-warning methods existent, which compares the different methods by categories, makes a further analysis on the limits of existent methods, and proposes the improve thoughts of this research based on that; The third part is the basic theory, which makes a summary of the referent theories exerted on the research, and exposit the comparing mechanism of the grey prediction theory and the artificial neural network method concise; The fourth part is the frame work of the model, which illuminates the research designs step by step, such as the definition of the financial crisis, the method of sample select, the select and definition of the pre-warning variables, and makes an exposition of the establishment procedures of the whole models at last; The fifth part is the financial pre-warning based on the theory of grey prediction and artificial neural network, which mainly demonstrate the model establishment in the concrete, dividing into four part to carry out the part of pragmatic research integrally, building of indexes system, establishment of BP neural networks, dynamic financial pre-warning and test, analysis on the pre-warning result; The sixth part is conclusion, which sums up the main results of the whole research, clarifies the innovative points, and makes a discussion on the limits and future study directions of the research in this thesis.

其中，第一部分为导论，总括性概述本文的研究目的与意义，国内外研究综述，以及本文的研究内容和方法；第二部分为现有财务预警研究方法剖析，通过对现有预警方法进行分类比较，进一步分析现有预警方法的局限性，并在此基础上提出本文研究的改进思路；第三部分基本理论，对本文研究中运用的相关理论进行扼要概述，并简要阐述灰色预测理论与人工神经方法的融合机理；第四部分为模型研究框架，逐步阐释模型对财务困境的界定，样本数据的选取方法，预警变量的选取与定义等各个部分的研究设计，并对整体模型的构建步骤进行简要阐述；第五部分为基于灰色神经网络模型的财务预警，主要论述动态预警模型的具体实现过程，分模型指标体系的建立，BP神经网络的建立，动态财务预警与检验，以及预警结果分析四个部分全面阐述本文实证分析过程；第六部分为结论，总结本文研究得到的主要研究结论，以及本文研究中的创新之处，并对论文的不足与后续发展研究进行探讨。

1Theoretically,based on Marxism and positive methodology and applying heavily theory andmethodologies from modern political science、sociology and Social psychology,it provides a more pro-found analysis on Sun's political thought;2as far as the narrative is concerned,the essay does not setany abstract goal to give a unpositive judgement on Sun's thought but sets the study in the social envi-ronment then and in an enviroment where international political thought kept changing;3the essayalso provides new ideas elsewhere as far as individual issues are concerned.

本文的独特之处在于：一、从理论而言，本文以马克思主义为基本指导，以实证史学为基础，大量运用了现代政治学、社会学、社会心理学等理论与方法，对孙中山的政治思想作了较为深入的分析。二、从论述角度而言，本文并未设定一抽象目标，对孙中山妄加评判，而是把孙中山放在中国当时的社会环境，国际政治思潮变化的环境中进行分析。三、从具体问题而言，本文也有若干新见。

The paper is composed of four parts: The first part is the Introduction, which sets forth the main body of the article as well as the background, purpose, significance of study and the current situation at home and abroad.

本文由四个部分组成：第一部分是绪论，简要阐述了本文研究背景、目的与意义，以及国内外研究现状，并构筑了本文的研究框架，。。。

Although there are lots of papers and monographs making researches on the relationship between monetary policy and stock market, most of them are qualitative.

二、本文的思路和结构框架引言部分：简要介绍了本文的研究背景，对已有的研究做出一个阐述及评价，进而得出本文的结构安排。

与本文的相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

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textually：本文地/原文地

textual /本文的/原文的/ | textually /本文地/原文地/ | textural /组织上/构造上/

textually：本文地; 原文地 (副)

textual 原文的, 本文的; 按原文的, 逐字的 (形) | textually 本文地; 原文地 (副) | textural 质地的; 组织的 (形)

emic：位的

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Cons：连接的网络服务

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