壁垒

基本解释 (translations)

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与壁垒相关的网络例句 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

The World Trade Organization was precisely acknowledged the technical trade barrier reasonable permitted its existence at the same time, simultaneously also saw the technical trade barrier unreasonable has at the same time formulated "Technical Trade Barrier Agreement", came the standard and limits various member nations the technical trade barrier behavior, guarded against stops appears to technical trade barrier abusiveness

世界贸易组织正是承认了技术性贸易壁垒合理的一面而允许其存在，同时也看到了技术性贸易壁垒不合理的一面而制定了《技术性贸易壁垒协议》，来规范和限制各成员国的技术性贸易壁垒行为，防止出现对技术性贸易壁垒的滥用

The article has listed specific facts to draw forth the serious problem, and introduced the situation, and analyzed the content, characteristic of the Technical Barrier to Trade and the influence to our country export.

文章通过具体实例引出了这一现实严肃的问题，介绍了我国遭遇技术壁垒的现状，并分析了技术贸易壁垒的内容、特点和对我国出口竞争力的影响，研究了技术壁垒影响我国出口的原因，从政府、企业和行业协会三个层面提出了应对国外技术壁垒的政策措施。

The first one is capital barrier, which means a large amount of initial capital for the perfect monopolizer. This prevents the common enterprise from entrance. The second is the technical barrier, i.e. the monopolizer is in control of certain technology and knack while other enterprises not, and then the market naturally become a monopoly market. Scale economy is the most studied technical barrier. The third one is law barrier, i.e. some exclusive patent rights are protected by the law. For example, patent and copyright are the monopolizations protected by the law. The fourth one is tactic barrier, even without any of the above mentioned barriers; it can also set up barriers through other ways, such as huge amount of advertisement investment.

首先是资本壁垒，即完全垄断企业的起始资本量很大，因此一般的企业难以进入；其次是技术性壁垒，即垄断者掌握了某种生产技术和诀窍，其他企业则没有，这个市场也就自然成了垄断市场，规模经济是一种被研究得最多的技术性壁垒；第三是法律壁垒，有些独家经营的特权是由法律所规定并受到法律保护的，专利和版权就是法律特许的垄断；第四是策略性壁垒，企业即使没有上述三种壁垒，也可以通过其他方式高筑壁垒，例如巨额广告投入。

The new non-tariff barrier system consists of technical barrier, environmental barrier, social barrier and moral barrier.

随着世界贸易组织对关税和传统非关税壁垒的约束，非关税壁垒形成以技术壁垒为核心的，包括技术壁垒、环境壁垒、社会壁垒和道德壁垒在内的新体系，成为当代国际贸易的新贸易壁垒。

This research based on the investigations of Shanghai feed-products outporting and development styles at present, analysised the reseasons of the technical barriers to trade when Shanghai Feed-products Outporting, compared our production-management and tachnique regurations to American, European Union, Japanese, Korea et al., analysised the influence of TBT on Shanghai feed-products outporting, using the market outport numerical datas. So this thesis gave the suggestion and replaying measures of breakthrought the TBT and improving outporting competition of Shanghai feed-products throughout government, profession society and business.

以上海市饲料产品出口与发展格局调研资料为依据，深入调查研究了上海市饲料产品出口遭遇技术性贸易壁垒的原因，在生产管理及技术法规上，对我国饲料产品与美国、欧盟、日韩等国家的差别进行了比较、分析与研究，并结合出口数据统计资料，对技术性贸易壁垒给上海市饲料产品出口带来的影响进行了分析，并从政府、行业协会和企业三个层面综合提出了如何突破技术性贸易壁垒、增强上海市饲料产品出口竞争力的建议与对策。

ReplaceFont'EnDivSummary',' This research based on the investigations of Shanghai feed-products outporting and development styles at present, analysised the reseasons of the technical barriers to trade(TBT when Shanghai Feed-products Outporting, compared our production-management and tachnique regurations to American, European Union, Japanese, Korea et al., analysised the influence of TBT on Shanghai feed-products outporting, using the market outport numerical datas.

ReplaceFont'ChDivSummary'，'以上海市饲料产品出口与发展格局调研资料为依据，深入调查研究了上海市饲料产品出口遭遇技术性贸易壁垒(TBT的原因，在生产管理及技术法规上，对我国饲料产品与美国、欧盟、日韩等国家的差别进行了比较、分析与研究，并结合出口数据统计资料，对技术性贸易壁垒给上海市饲料产品出口带来的影响进行了分析，并从政府、行业协会和企业三个层面综合提出了如何突破技术性贸易壁垒、增强上海市饲料产品出口竞争力的建议与对策。

This article split into five chapters altogether. It has gone on with deep analyses of concept, characteristics, generant background, trend of development and impact on international trade and so on of the technical barriers to trade, and introduced instances of the technical barriers to trade in major developed countries such as EU countries, United States and Japan, etc. On that basis, the article has analyzed the status quo of meeting with impact of foreign technical barrier measure by our country since joining in WTO.

本文全文共分为五章，对技术性贸易壁垒的概念、特点、产生的背景、发展趋势、对国际贸易的影响等进行了深入的分析，并且介绍了欧盟、美国、日本等主要发达国家的技术性贸易壁垒情况，在此基础上，分析了我国加入WTO后所遭遇国外技术性贸易壁垒影响的现状，最后，结合笔者所在部门的工作实际，提出了应对之策。

With the rapid development of economic globalization and trade liberalization, The traditional trade barrier attenuates gradually.

摘 要：随着经济全球化和贸易自由化的快速发展，传统贸易壁垒逐渐弱化，以技术壁垒为核心的，包括环境壁垒和社会壁垒在内的各种新贸易壁垒门槛在逐步提高，对国际贸易的影响日益扩大。

We find:(1) ITB cumbers the optimization of enterprises' scale through increase the trade cost;(2) The rate of ITB on inter-industrial products is higher than on the intra-industrial aspect, and the product's trade barrier has a decreasing situation;(3) From the macro-economics view, the behaviors of governments have grave influences on the integration of domestic market; taxation system and regional law system have great impact on the many aspects which influence the development of economy.

微观方面，区际贸易壁垒通过影响企业成本控制，阻碍企业最优规模的实现，并对产业集聚的发生造成随机性影响。同时，产业间层次上的制成品贸易壁垒比重大于要素贸易壁垒，而制成品相对要素的区际贸易壁垒（无论产业间还是产业内层次）有下降的趋势。宏观方面，政府行为对于区际整合有着重要影响，财税制度和规制建设在转型经济中对地方分割等影响经济增长的众多方面造成影响。

But little research has been done in this field in China and an inaugurating one could be helpful for the decision-making of policy-makers.In this dissertation, I started with a general analysis of the barriers of entry and exit in China, based on the Marxist principles and methods as well as western theories on industrial organization. Then I concentrated on the symptoms of over-entry and exit-difficulties experienced by Chinese enterprises during this transition period.

本研究以马克思主义的立场、观点和方法为指导，借鉴西方产业组织理论的分析框架以及在产业壁垒研究方面的理论成果，将转型期的制度因素纳入产业壁垒研究当中，在对我国产业的进入壁垒和退出壁垒做一般性分析的基础上，对我国产业过度进入与退出困难等问题进行了深入分析。

与壁垒相关的网络解释 [注：此内容来源于网络，仅供参考]

absorbing barrier：吸收壁垒

absorber 吸收器吸收装置 | absorbing barrier 吸收壁垒 | absorption attenuation 吸收损耗

non-tariff barrier：非关税壁垒

东盟自贸区(AFTA)非关税壁垒常见问题1.非关税壁垒(NON TARIFF BARRIER)的含义是什么?2.在普遍有效优惠关税(CEPT)协议中非关税壁垒是如何定义的?另外,东盟标准和质量委员会(ACCSQ)已成立一个有关药品的工作小组,在不影响药品质量、疗效

protectionist barrier：贸易保护壁垒保护壁垒

Protection of New Plant Varieties植物新品种保护法植物新品种保护 | protectionist barrier贸易保护壁垒保护壁垒p51 | protective price保护 价格保护价格p64

trade barrier：贸易壁垒

贸易壁垒(Trade Barrier)又称贸易障碍. 对国与国间商品劳务交换所设置的人为限制,主要是指导一国对外国商品劳务进口所实行的各种限制措施,一般分关税壁垒和非关税壁垒两类. 就广义而言,凡使正常贸易受到阻碍,市场竞争机制作用受到干扰的各种人为措施,

Technical trade barrier：技术性贸易壁垒

技术性壁垒:technical trade barrier | 技术性贸易壁垒:Technical trade barrier | 贸易技术壁垒:trade technical barrier

Technical trade barrier：技术性壁垒

Technical barrier相关词的翻译: | 技术性壁垒:technical trade barrier | 技术性贸易壁垒:Technical trade barrier

New trade barrier：新贸易壁垒

贸易壁垒调查:Trade Barrier Investigation | 新贸易壁垒:New trade barrier | 技术性贸易壁垒:Technic trade Barrier

Trade Barrier Investigation：贸易壁垒调查

区际贸易壁垒:Interregional trade barrier | 贸易壁垒调查:Trade Barrier Investigation | 新贸易壁垒:New trade barrier

nontariff barriers：非关税壁垒

非关税壁垒(Nontariff Barriers) 非关税壁垒,又称非关税贸易壁垒,就是指一国政府采取除关税以外的各种办法,来对本国的对外贸易活动进行调节、管理和控制的一切政策与手段的总和,其目的就是试图在一定程度上限制进口,以保护国内市场和国内产业的发展.

entry barriers：进入壁垒

在位优势企业的体制优势(institutional advantage)也会造成饭店业的市场壁垒体制优势主要体现在以下几个方面:生产经营一体化优势(包括垂直、水平和混合一体化)、企业规模优势、饭店或饭店集团的资金筹措优势,就可以在竞争中设置强大的进入壁垒(entry barriers).