透镜

The second lens group includes a 2nd-group 1st positive lens, a 2nd-group 1st compound lens formed by joining a 2nd-group 2nd positive lens having a convex surface on the image plane side and a 2nd-group 1st negative lens having a concave surface on the screen side, and a 2nd-group 3rd positive lens arranged in that order from the screen side toward the image plane side.

第二透镜组包括一个第2组第一正透镜，一个由在像平面侧具有凸面的第2组第二正透镜和一个在屏幕侧具有凹面的第2组第一负透镜结合的第2组第一组合透镜，和一个第2组第三正透镜，它们以从屏幕侧到像平面侧的顺序布置。

The third lens group includes a 3rd-group 1st meniscus lens having a concave surface on the image plane, a 3rd-group 1st compound lens formed by joining a 3rd-group 1st negative lens having opposite concave surfaces and a 3rd-group 1st positive lens having opposite convex surfaces, and a 3rd-group 2nd meniscus lens having a convex surface on the image plane side arranged in that order from the screen side toward the image plane side.

第三透镜组包括一个在像平面侧具有凹表面的第3组第一凹凸透镜，一个由具有相对凹面的第3组第一负透镜和一个具有相对凸面的第3组第一正透镜结合的第3组第一组合透镜，和一个在像平面侧具有凸表面的第3组第二凹凸透镜，它们以从屏幕侧到像平面侧的顺序布置。

Compared with the light equation for cylindrical lens, the equation for conelens is much more complicated.

柱透镜在近轴平行光入射时，光线的振幅、相位、周期保持不变，而锥透镜的三者均发生变化，而且求解锥透镜的光线方程也比圆柱透镜复杂得多。

Coupling systems between LD and optical fiber are separated into two categories: micro-lens optical fiber system and disjunct lens one.

针对由柱透镜和聚焦透镜组成的组合透镜耦合系统中存在的封装和调试困难等问题，提出了：用一段直径为600μm的裸石英光纤代替柱透镜，对半导体激光器输出光束进行准直整形；用球透镜光纤对准直后的光束进行聚焦，直接实现和光纤耦合，来代替聚焦透镜和光纤耦合的环节。

Most of optic a l systems consist of a number of singlet a nd doublets, of which the singlet c a n be considered a s a speci a l doublet.

摘要大多数光学系统都是由若干单透镜和双胶合透镜组成的，单透镜可以看成是双胶合透镜的特殊情况。

Because COTY colour picture tubes adopt XL lens as main lens, three electron beams are focused by a larger common lens in addition to three circle aperture lenses.

RCA公司在八十年代研制出COTY彩色显象管，它采用XL透镜做主聚焦透镜，其中除了三个单独的小透镜起聚焦作用外，三个电子束还受到一个公用大透镜的作用，因此透镜像差得以降低。

Based on the traits of the aspherical lens, the sunlight was focused on a very small spot, and then it was transferred into a plastic fiber by an aspherical lens and a selfoc lens. A formula for calculating the optimal length of selfoc lens is presented. The optimal assembly of the aspherical lens and selfoc lens was implemented by the aid of this formula. Therefore, sunlight is coupled into a plastic fiber efficiently.

根据非球面透镜垂轴球差小的特点把太阳光会聚到很小的光点，再利用长度约为1/4节距的自聚焦透镜改变光线的数值孔径使其满足光纤的数值孔径，通过一个计算公式来计算最佳的自聚焦透镜长度，实现非球面透镜和自聚焦透镜的最佳组合，把太阳光以较高的耦合效率耦合进塑料光纤。

We placed the lens holder, testing lens, and the assistant lens in the testing optical path. When the testing lens was mounted in the lens holder, we took five dynamic interferograms. After rotating the testing lens by 180 degrees along the edge of the testing lens, we took another set of interferograms. Then, we could evaluate the centering error of the testing optical element by analysing these two sets of interferograms.

在待测光程中加入透镜治具、待测透镜与辅助透镜，当待测透镜贴靠於透镜治具，此时撷取五张连续相移干涉图，之后由待测透镜配合透镜治具沿待测透镜外缘旋转180度，再撷取另一组干涉图形，最后由两组干涉图进行分析，以测量光学元件的偏心误差值。

ZEBASE includes samples of singlets, doublets, achromats, triplets, eyepieces, magnifiers, afocal systems, beam expanders, air spaced triplets, inverse telephotos, retrofocus, wide angles, telephotos, Petzval lenses, microscope objectives, double Gauss lenses, endoscopes, periscopes, riflescopes, mirror telescopes, scanning lenses, projection lenses, zoom lenses, and more.

ZEBASE包含简单的单透镜、双透镜、复消色差透镜、库克透镜、目镜、放大镜、和无焦系统、光束放大器、AIR SPACED的库克透镜、远心系统、广角镜头、Petzval透镜、显微镜物镜、双高斯镜头、内窥镜、展望镜头、机枪瞄准镜、发射式望远镜、扫描镜头、投影镜头、变焦镜头等等。

A compound structure—Double Half-cylindrical Lens is proposed firstly by the author.

双半圆柱透镜是作者首次提出的一种复合结构柱透镜，它突破了普通圆柱透镜在最佳准直时对透镜材料折射率必须小于2的限制，在透镜材料大于2甚至更高的条件下，其准直能力大大提高，准直效果在理论上可达0.1mrad。

It is also known as one of the most poisonous naturally occurring substances.

它也被称为一个最自然发生的有毒物质。

The greatest stress is found at the location on the cross section where V is the largest.

最大应力出现在横截面上V为最大的地方。