适应...

Part 2 studies the adaptive control of general MDP with the same parameter set as part 1. In part 3, the biased maximum likelihood estimator is used for the adaptive control uncertain POMDP and an optimal method is proposed.

第一部分在离散化参数集的基础上提出一种比现有方法效率更高的自适应决策方法；第二部分在第一部分的思想上，研究一般MDP的自适应决策；第三部分则将有偏极大似然法从MDP推广到POMDP，研究POMDP自适应决策。

There are five aspects:requirement of urbanization and motorization,requirement of modern traffic management,requirement of public transport efficiency,requirement of function coordinate of urban road system,and requirement of market economy land-use mode.

本文从适应城市化、机动化水平不断提高的需要，适应现代化交通管理的需要，提高公共交通竞争力的需要，道路系统功能协调的需要以及适应市场经济用地模式的需要等五个方面来探讨规划道路网密度指标的调整。

The coordinate transformation and numerical integration was executed on the discretized tetrahedral elements based on which the 3-D MT vector-finite element method was implemented. A whole computation framework for 3-D vector-finite element method with unstructured mesh was given. Based on this some typical models were tested which has demonstrated that our algorithm could distinctively avoid problems caused by the fake solution and both the accuracy and efficiency were enhanced which made our algorithm has a bright future for further application.3. According to theory of Sobolev vector space and the discretization of Helmholtz space, the error estimate which was suitable for 3-D MT vector-finite element modeling was deduced by which the procedure of adaptive technique was guaranteed.4. Based on the fully unstructured tetrahedralization and optical strategy, the 3-D magnetotelluric h-adaptive vector-finite element method was presented through combining the error estimate. With this work, the accuracy and creditableness for 3-D MT complicatedly modeling was guaranteed.5. The 3-D magnetotelluric h-adaptive vector-finite element algorithm with unstructured mesh was implemented.

针对非结构化的四面体单元，采用坐标变换和数值积分方法，实现了MT三维矢量有限单元分析，建立起基于非结构化网格的三维MT矢量有限元计算流程，并对典型模型和国际标准电磁模型进行了数值模拟，结果对比和分析表明，基于非结构化网格的三维MT矢量有限元不仅消除了节点型有限元的伪解，而且具有很高的计算精度和速度，有广阔的应用前景。3、根据Sobolev函数的向量空间和Hemlholtz空间的分解，推导出基于残差的三维大地电磁矢量有限元后验误差估计公式，为三维大地电磁自适应矢量有限元数值模拟的实现奠定了基础。4、在完全非结构化四面体单元剖分及优化基础上，结合三维大地电磁矢量有限元后验误差估计公式，提出了基于非结构化网格的三维大地电磁h-型自适应矢量有限元计算策略，保证了对复杂大地电磁模型数值计算的精度和可靠性。5、实现了基于非结构化网格的三维大地电磁h-型自适应矢量有限元计算流程，对典型模型和国际标准电磁模型进行了数值模拟。

In addition, the Wavelet analysis is applied to inspect the singularity of the measured current, and an adaptive signal-noise decomposer for AOCT is designed.

此外，为了能够顺利将在稳态测量期间所获得的自适应校正系数应用于暂态测量中，论文应用小波变换来检测电流信号的奇异性，还应用自适应滤波技术设计了一种用于OCT的自适应信噪分离器。

It is the first important step in video analysis and will directly affects the effectiveness of indexing Shot boundary detection is one of our major research interests and we will tackle the following existing problems the ambiguity between gradual change and camera motion, the discontinuity during gradual change, false detection caused by illumination variation and flashlight, automatic threshold selection Firstly, we discuss shot boundary detection in non-compressed domain In chapter 2, we compare some of the commonly used detection methods which are based on frame difference and point out that single feature will not generate good results As a conclusion, we use fuzzy logic to combine multiple features Presently, most frame difference based shot boundary detection algorithms rely on threshold and hence the selection of such thresholds will greatly affect the performance of boundary detection We propose a membership function to define frame difference and calculate the membership with self adaptation according to the statistic distribution of frame differences to satisfy different type of video clips Experiments show that the proposed fuzzy shot boundary detection algorithm can be used with different video types and has a high detection precision and recall In chapter 3, we discuss model-based shot boundary detection algorithms regarding chromatic and spatial editing effects such as fade-in, fade-out, dissolve and wipe Various parameters are proposed to better describe the characteristics of each editing type.

镜头边界的检测是把视频自动地分割为一个个镜头，作为基本的索引单元，因此它是视频分析重要的第一步，直接影响到视频检索的成败。镜头边界的检测是本文研究的重点之一。目前镜头边界检测算法主要存在以下问题：渐变与镜头运动难以区别；渐变过程中的不连续与停顿、光照条件的变化及闪光灯等特殊情况会引起误检测；自动选择阈值比较困难等。本文首先针对非压缩域视频进行了镜头边界检测的研究。在第二章中我们采用了比较流行的基于帧间差的方法。在比较各种帧间差计算方法的基础上，指出使用单一的特征难以取得很好的检测效果，提出用模糊逻辑综合使用各种特征。目前大多数基于帧间差的镜头边界检测算法都采用阈值法进行镜头转换的判别。阈值选择的误差对检测性能有较大的影响，本文提出用隶属度函数定义帧间差较大、中等较大和较小等概念，并根据帧间差的统计分布自适应地确定隶属度，以适应不同类型的视频片断。实验结果表明这种基于糊逻辑的镜头边界检测算法可以适应不同的视频，并具有较高的检测精度和检出率。在第三章中采用基于模型的方法进行镜头渐变的检测，研究了淡入／淡出、慢转换和扫换的模型。

In accordance with the generating principle of line echo and after analyzing main echo cancellation algorithms, and after in-depth study on the core algorithms of all the module of adaptive echo canceller, in particular, adaptive filtering algorithm and double talk detection algorithm, considering with complexities and capabilities of all the candidates, this paper chooses NLMS algorithm to implement echo canceller.

首先，对回波产生原理和目前几种常用回波消除算法进行了分析，在研究自适应回波消除器的各个模块，特别是深入分析各种自适应滤波算法和双讲检测算法，综合考虑各种算法的运算复杂度和性能的情况下，这里采用NLMS算法实现白适应回波消除器。

Teacher's growth has gradualness, to educates the teaching from unsuitably again to completely to adapt to the basic adaption is a performance.

教师的成长具有阶段性，其中对教育教学从不适应到基本适应再到完全适应就是一个表现。

Aiming at the high-speed matching controlling problems between adaptive filters inplemented by FPGA and the high-speed AD converters, a high-speed sampling and adaptive filtering system was designedusing asynchronous FIFO. The dual channels AD converter AD9238-40 was used as input stage, two asynchronous FIFOs on-chip were used as high-speed buffer memory, and the sampling and adaptive filtering was controlled by FPGA. The asynchronous FIFO was customized and simulated on Quartus II, the sampling and adaptive filtering controller was designed and also simulated on Quartus II. The high-speed matching controlling of the dual channels AD converter AD9238-40 and the adaptive filter was implemented.

针对用FPGA实现的高速自适应滤波器与高速ADC数据处理速度不匹配、容易产生串扰等问题，提出了一种基于异步FIFO技术的高速采样自适应滤波系统方案，选用双通道高速AD9238-40作为前置输入级，用片内异步FIFO作高速缓存，用FPGA控制采样与滤波，给出了系统的结构框图，对异步FIFO与采样滤波控制器进行了仿真，并将异步FIFO与采样滤波控制器集成在同一FPGA上，完成了对双通道高速AD9238与自适应滤波器的高速匹配控制。

Natural selection was expected to work very slowly in forming new species, but given the effectiveness of artificial selection, he could "see no limit to the amount of change, to the beauty and infinite complexity of the coadaptations between all organic beings, one with another and with their physical conditions of life, which may be effected in the long course of time by nature's power of selection".

预计在形成新物种上，自然选择起效非常缓慢；但考虑到人工选择的有效性，他可以"设想到变化的数量是无限的，美丽是没有限度的；所有有机生命之间的互相适应的复杂性是无限的，彼此之间的相互适应以及它们生活状况之间的相互适应是无限复杂的，这些都可能在很长的时间里受到自然力量选择的影响"。

The sidelobe has many ripples in condition of small training sample size and the diagonal loading technology is applied to this method, which improve the convergence speed of sidelobe. We also study the pattern control of area array. The effectiveness of this new method is illustrated by the designed simulations.5. Adaptive sidelobe cancellation is a important part of phase array radar. To realize low sidelobe and suppressing the interferer the antenna technique and signal process are combined.

用对角加载方法解决了小快拍数下收敛速度慢的问题，并仿真给出了加载量的选取范围，对面阵的自适应方向图控制文中也进行了详细讨论，阵列幅相误差和互耦误差对自适应方向图控制影响，文中也给出了仿真和分析。5、自适应旁瓣相消是相控阵雷达技术的一个重要组成部分，它将天线技术与信号处理技术结合在一起，使相控阵天线实现超低副瓣，达到抗有源干扰的目的。

I think he's learned how to approach hitters....

Johhny Damon说，『他已是最好的了，再没有人能够比他做的更好，我想他的球技已经完全成熟了，而且他也已经学会了如何去对付和压迫各种打击者。。。。。。

In effect, an 18 foot King Cobra could actually look down onto the average human being.

际上，一个18尺眼镜蛇王其实可以俯视到的平均人。