轮胎

In this paper, a measuring device has been developed and used to measure the tire contact pressure distribution of light vehicle with different tires of different tread pattern and different age, air pressure and different tire load.

利用自主开发的轮胎接地压力测试仪，进行了轻型货车不同花纹和不同使用年限轮胎，在不同轮胎胎压和不同负荷作用下，轮胎的接地压力分布规律测量。

A C++ program is developed for composing the stiffness matrix of the temperature field, saving it in changing bandwidth method and calculating the linear algebraic function group through using the Gauss eliminating method. A module for drawing the color fringe of tire temperature field is created, which makes the result more visual. Taking the 9.00-20 cross-ply tire on CA1092 as an example, the finite element numerical simulation analysis of automobile tire 2-D steady temperature field is completed. Through comparing the result with the analysis data by ANSYS, this software is proved to be capable of the modeling, calculating and post-processing of FEA of automobile tire 2-D steady temperature field.

采用C++语言完成了温度刚度矩阵的总体合成及其一维变带宽存贮，以及线性代数方程组高斯消去法求解等工作，采用C++语言实现了汽车轮胎二维稳态温度场云纹图的绘制，使得计算结果更加直观，也更能形象地显示汽车轮胎二维稳态温度场的分布状况，以CA1092（原CA142）五吨载货汽车用9.00-20尼龙斜交胎为例，进行了汽车轮胎二维稳态温度场有限元数值仿真分析，通过与ANSYS分析结果进行比较，说明所开发的有限元建模、求解以及后处理软件能够用于汽车轮胎二维稳态温度场有限元分析。

It shows that the FE method of tireanalysis under driving state and the method dealing with large slip frictionalcontact problems are correct and reliable. The properties of tires under steady cornering state are studied with FEmethod and experiment. Based on the presented contact solution algorithm, a FEmethod is carried out to analyze the properties of tire under steady corneringstate via imposing slip-rolling-constraints on tire bead nodes which contact therim, and the modules are programmed. The mechanical properties anddeformation of tire under pure steady cornering state and steadycornering-driving state are analyzed, and the results show good agreement withthe experimental data.

对匀速侧滑条件下轮胎侧偏特性进行了试验研究和有限元分析研究，基于本文提出的大滑动摩擦接触问题求解方法，通过在胎圈和轮辋接触节点上施加侧偏滚动约束，得到了匀速侧滑条件下轮胎侧偏特性有限元分析方法，编制了有限元分析模块；利用本文给出的有限元分析方法，分析了轮胎在匀速纯侧滑和侧滑-纵滑联合工况下受力变形特性，分析了侧偏角和载荷对轮胎侧偏特性的影响。

A rubber composition for a tire improving friction performance on ice, comprising 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of a nonmetallic fiber having an average fiber diameter of 1 to 100 μm and an average fiber length of 0.1 to 5 mm, and 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of a filler having at least 2 projections and an average length of the projections of at least 10 μm based on 100 parts by weight of a diene rubber, and a pneumatic tire comprising the same.

提供了一种改善冰上摩擦性能的轮胎用橡胶组合物，以及含有该橡胶组合物的充气轮胎。一种轮胎用橡胶组合物，以100重量份的二烯橡胶为基准，还含有0.5～20重量份平均纤维直径为1～100μm并且平均纤维长度为0.1～5mm的非金属纤维，以及0.5～30重量份的具有至少2个突起并且平均突起长度至少为10μm的填料，以及一种含有该橡胶组合物的充气轮胎。

How to calculate the sum of P-series by Fourier series ;2. Fourier series was utilized to fit the stress and strain of tire in a rolling cycle by means of mechanic-field analytic result.

利用轮胎力学场的数值分析结果，采用傅立叶级数拟合单元在轮胎滚动一周内的应力-应变变化，并根据拟合后的傅立叶系数计算轮胎单元损耗应变能和生热率，分析了轮胎在不同速度时的温度场。

The characteristics in design of components of tires, fundamental parameters and supplementary parameters for design of tire structure are analyzed. Then according to practical requirements and experience in design, general principles for tire design are put forward. The problems of disaccord of circle's radiuses in vertical and horizontal axis and the excessive errors in solving equations are solved. At last, with the work accomplished above, computer design of tire cross section may be achieved after completing those computer programs for the design.

论文首先分析了轮胎各部分的设计特点以及轮胎结构设计的基本参数和附加参数，根据实际要求和设计经验，提出了进行轮胎结构设计的总原则，解决了程序语言中圆的纵横比不统一和求解方程时误差太大的问题等，编制出了用于轮胎结构设计的子程序和总程序，实现了轮胎断面结构的计算机设计。

Major process products have: jig and fixture of aircraft assembly plant and auxiliary tools; tire vulcanization and tire production line、transmission line 、loader、Lay-tire equipment、tire mould、clean mould machine、repair mould machine、tire mold 3D intelligent;warehouse palletizer;oil platform;fur machinery; electrical engineering alloy、contact process;hydraulic elevator accumulator、1t—50t electric hoist and crane machine; door and window manufacturing machine、varouris kinds of large scalestabilization machinery and mixing machine; Grain and oil produce equipment、auxiliary machine and control system; Satellite Launching base facilities; tire forming machine、cutter etc equipment parts; various kinds of box of reducer; milk packing machine and parts; elevator up and down operate panel、controlling Single Chip Micr-computer and Elevator Group Supervisory Control System; repair circuit disk produce equipment and imported equipment copped; air and water treatment equipments,etc.

主要加工产品有：飞机组装厂夹具和辅助机具；轮胎硫化机及轮胎生产线、传输线、抓胎机、存胎器、轮胎模具、洗模机、修模机、轮胎模具智能三维检测仪；立体仓库堆垛机；石油钻井平台；皮毛机械；电工合金、触头加工；液压升降台、1吨－50吨电葫芦和起重机；门窗生产机具、各种大型搅拌机械和研磨机械；粮油生产设备、辅助设备和控制系统；卫星发射基地设施；轮胎成型机、裁断机等设备配件；各类减速机箱体；牛奶包装机及配件；电梯升降操纵面板、控制单片机和电梯群控系统总成；线路芯片生产设备大修和进口设备仿制；空气和污水处理设备等。

A metal mold for tire formation that realizes not only enhancing of evacuation efficiency at the time of tire vulcanization molding but also enhancing of the durability thereof; a plug for use in vent hole of such a metal mold for tire formation; and a tire manufactured with the use of the metal mold for tire formation.

本发明提供能够提高轮胎硫化成形时的排气效率、并且能够提高耐久性的轮胎成形用模具、轮胎成形用模具的通气孔所使用的塞子以及使用该轮胎成形用模具制造的轮胎。

Here make further analysis and comparison with the traditional processing welding spark mosaic surface electric sparking, CAD/CAM intergneated techniques used in the fabrication of two halt mold and introduced techniques of chrominum plating, sand blast and spraying dry ice for surface treating the developing trend of tire mold prospected.

对传统轮胎两半钢质模的加工工艺和焊花、镶花轮胎模具的加工工艺，电火花加工轮胎模具技术，CAD/CAM集成技术在模具加工的应用作了剖析和比较。轮胎模具型腔的镀硬铬、喷砂和喷干冰表面处理技术也一并作了介绍。探讨和展望了轮胎模具设计制造的发展趋势。

During the experiment, we choose Toyota Corona 1600cc as a test car and measure its maximal acceleration value by means of palm vibration noise analyzer, on conditions of the same tire pressure, speed, load, and road section and measure fuel consumption in a fixed speed and mileage. In addition, by using tire pressure gauge and infrared thermometer, measure after-driving tire pressure and tire temperature to make a comparative analysis. Finally, we use 185/60 R-14 Goodyear tire to measure tire sinkage in an empty car and a loaded car and obtain tire compression ratio to explain the difference of riding comfort and economical consideration of fuel consumption between nitrogen-filled tires and compressed air tires.

在实验时，采用丰田Corona 1600cc轿车，在相同的胎压、车速、负载、路段等条件下，透过掌上型振动噪音分析仪，撷取车辆行驶之最大峰值加速度；并在稳定车速及固定里程下量测汽油之消耗量，再以胎压表和红外线温度计，量取行驶后之胎压和胎温值来作比较分析，最后，再使用185/60 R-14 Goodyear 轮胎，在车上量测空车及负载下轮胎的下沉量，并求得轮胎的压缩率变化值，来说明氮气轮胎与一般压缩空气轮胎，在乘坐舒适性及燃油经济性上的差异原因。

I think he's learned how to approach hitters....

Johhny Damon说，『他已是最好的了，再没有人能够比他做的更好，我想他的球技已经完全成熟了，而且他也已经学会了如何去对付和压迫各种打击者。。。。。。

In effect, an 18 foot King Cobra could actually look down onto the average human being.

际上，一个18尺眼镜蛇王其实可以俯视到的平均人。