规模

Absolute government scale ; relative government scale ; regression analyses

政府绝对规模；政府相对规模；相关分析

Presently, the key problem about the scope of Chinese government officials is not oversized in an absolute term, but the irrationality in ratio, structure, and the "operational super-abound".

中国在政府官员规模方面的主要问题不是绝对规模过大，而是比例、结构不合理和"运行性过剩"。

Up until now , our company have scale heavy, variety the whole, excellent in quality,technical equipment person who lead advantag among the same trade both at home and abroad,collect the chemical pottery and study, design, produce,sell for the integrative specialized company ,have annual output production scale of 25000 tons of serial products of acidproof porcelain of various kinds of industry.

迄今为止，我公司在国内国际同行业中具有规模大、品种全、质量优、技术装备领先等优势，是集化工陶瓷研究、设计、生产、销售为一体的专业公司，具有年产各种工业耐酸瓷系列产品25000吨的生产规模。

This study analysised the condition of Xinjiang's petroleum resource and made an evaluation and it points out that the development of petroleum and natural gas of Xinjiang is still in the developing period in which it aims at discovering the petrol field and increasing its reserves.Although it has a great exploring potential,because of its geograghy limitation and a lack of exploring funds,the exploring level is till low,even lower than the everage level of the whole country. The study is based on theories of industry distributions,its concentration,macroscopic analysis,government regulations and continuing development.From microcosmic and macroscopic aspects,it scientifically and systematically analyses the problems in the development of petroleum industry in Xinjiang.It points that the developments of middle and upper reaches lack a balance and have no rational industry structures.So it is hard to form an integral industry chains.Moreover,the upper reach covers a too much large proportion in the development,so it can not give a strong impetus to other industries.Based it,the paper points the industrial concentration of Petroleum Chemical Products Manufacture of Xinjiang should be enhanced and Input to Petroleum Chemical Products Manufacture of Xinjiang should be increased.Due to a lack of an established fair and competitive market and government's perfect laws and regulations on petroleum industry,it points that the phenomenon of mixed operation has become common in monolopied business and competitive business,so the systems of petroleum industry needs to be restructured.It states clearly that the country should take the development and benefits of Xinjiang's economy into consideration when making strategies for petroleum development .Besides,the allocation of profits between the center and the local should be well arranged so that we can guarantee the profits of Xinjiang ,considered as a resource area.It also reveals that we should not only overcome limitations of resources,environment,economy and technology on continuring development,but also we should deal with some realistic problems well.For instance,contradictions between the concept of limited resource and continuing development,the relationship between petroleum industry's own features and continuing development,the contradictions between the limits on supply of petroleum and the need of future development of continuing resource ,outdated petroleum technology and the need of advanced technology for continuing development,tremendous damages to environment and requirements of environment protection for continuing development and Xinjiang continuing economic development,outdated policy of industry and continuing development,the relationship between continuing development of Xinjiang petroleum industry and continuing economic development of Xinjiang.

本研究以产业布局理论、产业集中度理论、灰关联分析理论、政府规制理论、可持续发展理论为依据，从微观、宏观两个层面，科学、系统、全面地分析新疆石油产业的发展问题，指出：新疆石油天然气目前仍处于油气田发现和增储的主要发展阶段，开发潜力巨大，但由于地质原因及勘探投入的不足，石油天然气探明程度偏低，低于全国平均水平；新疆石油产业产业结构布局不合理、上中下游发展不平衡，难以形成完整的产业链条，对工业的带动力与其本身具有的经济总量很不匹配；新疆石油开采业和石油加工业属于高度寡头垄断的市场类型，新疆石油化工业属于竞争型的市场结构，要想石油产业对新疆经济有较强的带动作用，新疆石油化工业必须上升到一定的层次和规模，在提高规模的基础上，提高新疆化工业的产业集中度；新疆石油加工业和化工业与农业呈现较高的关联度，加大对石油加工业和化工业的投入，对新疆经济的协调发展有着深远的影响；政府要从石油产业本质特征和发展趋势为着眼点，实施规制改革，分开政府规制政策的制定部门和监管部门职能，建立健全石油产业法律法规体系，对垄断性业务和竞争性业务实施分类规制；国家石油发展战略的制定应兼顾新疆区域经济的发展和利益，应切实处理好新疆与中央的利益分配，切实保证新疆作为资源产区合理的资源收益；新疆石油产业要想得以可持续发展，不仅要克服影响可持续发展的资源、环境、经济和技术等客观因素，还要处理好观念、需求、政策等诸多主观因素。

This paper begins with housing industry macroscopic environment , recent development and present situation of Tianjin's commodity dwelling, A lot of problems, mainly from housing system, resident housing, investment scale, construction scale, selling scale, market price and real estate company quantity data , are presented .it has been analyzed the future dwelling land supply and potential supply capacity of commodity dwelling and influence factor of supply capacity.

本文从住宅产业的宏观环境出发，对天津市商品住宅的近几年的发展和现状，主要从住房体制、商品住宅投资规模、建设规模、销售规模、市场价格以及房地产开发企业数量等状况的历史和现实进行叙述。

On the bases of investigating and grasping the materials about the AHPPEs, AHPPEs' developing situation is analyzed completely in this article on vertical direction of time order and horizontal direction of department, in the meantime, material buying process, capital's using rate, and product selling process are also analyzed completely. Pointing out because the differences of owning right among State-Operated Enterprises, Collectively Operated Enterprises and Privately Operated Enterprises, there are differences in the producing behavior and trade development.A. According to the theory of producer behavior, POEs is on the way from stageⅠto stage Ⅱ,economic interests increasing;COEs is on the end of stageⅡ,economic interests decreasing;SOEs on stage Ⅲ,economic interests is negatively increasing.Model analyzing method shows that scale economic doesn't exist in SOEs and COEs, but POEs is the reverse.B. Different owning right enterprises have great differences in the respect of capital scale,product making and selling processes, at last SOEs and COEs' economic interests is much less than that of POEs. Scale economic doesn't exist in SOEs and COEs, POEs have the potential of developing scale economic, furthermore, the new-coming horizontal in the horizontal structure have the good situation.

在跟踪调查掌握资料的基础上，文章对该区农畜产品加工企业的发展状况从时间序列的纵向和行业结构的横向进行了比较分析，同时又从原材料购买过程、资金的利用效率以及产品的销售过程等各个方面进行了全方位地剖析，指出由于企业存在着国有、集体和民营产权类型的不同，导致生产行为和行业发展存在着差异：A、生产者行为理论分析总结出，民营企业正在处于第Ⅰ阶段向第Ⅱ阶段的过度区，经济效益上升；集体企业处于第Ⅱ阶段的末端，经济效益下降；国有企业处于第Ⅲ阶段，经济效益负增长。B、不同产权企业在资金规模，产品的生产和售卖过程上存在着很大不同，最终导致国有和集体企业经济效益比民营企业要差得多，用模型方法分析得出结论：国有企业和集体企业都不存在规模经济，而民营企业存在规模经济的发展潜力，并且在行业结构中属于民营产权的新兴行业发展状况良好。C、行业间也存在着很大的不同：集体企业的优势行业是制酒、粮食加工和肉食品加工等行业；民营企业的优势在皮件类、服装、粮食加工和制酒等行业；国有企业当中食品加工、肉食品加工和食品冷库类是优势行业。

For specific aspect, that is, discussing the rank of urban system by using centricity strength, discussing the cities'layout of scale by using Rand-Size Rule, discussing the export-orientated level of the economic development by using the volume of trade for external trade, the foreign direct investment and the dependence on external trade, and discussing the spatial structure by using the Fractal Theory.

通过计算城市中心性强度分析城市体系的等级层次；选用1993—2004年的城市年末总人口数据，分析城市体系的规模结构，应用位序—规模法则探讨环城市的规模分布；采用外贸出口额、外商直接投资额、出口依存度三个指标分析城市经济发展的外向性水平；测算城市体系中各城市之间的直线距离，应用分形理论分析城市体系空间结构。

The thesis also analyzes the reasons which lead to this evolution, hoping to abundance urban system research .At first, The thesis uses Primate City Index and Parameter to figure out citys scale distribution in Fujian province.

本文先用首位度分析方法和分形理论对全省城镇规模的分布特征和变化趋势进行了分析，结果显示福建省城镇规模分布基本上属于位序规模分布，但是首位度有增大的趋势。

The income scale of Chinese B2B industry has 800 million yuan only, to 2007, although overall battalion receives dimensions to be reached the negative effect of global economy by wave motion of Chinese imports and exports, but be in the B2B industry camp that develops primary level to closed to still maintain powerful growth momentum, achieve 3.9 billion yuan, 3 years average year increase rate is achieved 71.3%.

统计数据显示，中国B2B行业的收入规模保持持续快速的增长。2004年，中国B2B行业的收入规模只有8亿元，到2007年，虽然总体营收规模受到中国进出口波动及全球经济的负面影响，但处于发展初级阶段的B2B行业营收仍然保持了强劲的增长势头，达到39亿元，3年间平均年增长率达到71.3%。

This paper analyses the factors influencing stock certificate investment funds moderate act size microscopically and microcosmically. Then use the data of the fund net value size and rate of return of stock certificate investment fund of two group stylebook through demonstration to prove the remarkable relativity of fund net value size and performance in both good and bad station.

本文首先从宏观和微观两个方面对影响我国证券投资基金适度规模的因素进行分析，再将所选取的两组样本中基金净值规模与收益率的数据，分别通过实证分析证明不论是在牛市还是在熊市状况下，基金规模与绩效间存在显著的相关性。

Do not gum up the work by telling mother what we are going to do .

别告诉母亲我们要干的事，那会把事情搞糟的。

In recent years, application of the partial prestressed concrete beam s is developed.

近年来，随着部分预应力砼梁应用的推广，发现我国规范所采用的名义拉应力法的计算结果不稳定。