正交性

A novel direction of arrival and polarization estimation of electromagnetic vector sensors mounted on the airframe is proposed based on biquaternion. The signal processing model for EM-sensor mounted on the airframe is made by biquaternion and then the eigenvalue decomposition of spectral matrix is obtained by means of the EVD of its quaternion adjoint matrix. The memory requirement for data is reduced, and more accurate estimation result is gotten by deducing the stronger orthogonality constraint between the sin- gal and noise subspaces on the field of biquaternion. The performance of the new algorithm is confirmed through numerical examples.

针对机载电磁矢量传感器阵列DOA和极化参数估计问题，提出了一种基于复四元数估计方法，该算法利用四元数建立机载电磁矢量传感器阵列信号处理模型，然后利用四元数联合矩阵的特征分解得到阵列数据相关矩阵的特征分解，一方面使得计算过程中数据的贮存量大大减少，另一方面通过推导得到信号子空间和噪声子空间在四元数域上的正交性从而使DOA和极化参数佑计的精度更高，仿真证实了本算法的有效性。

Some examples are given to explain orthonormality, adjoint operator, orthonormal projection operator, converges in norm and weak sense which used onwavelet theory.

重点说明希尔伯特空间的正交性、伴随算子、投影算子以及依范数收敛、弱收敛在小波理论中的体现。

The main characteristic of this kind of quadratic forms is their orthogonality depends on the linear dependency of the elements which produce them (2. 17 theorem), and this is the very reason we can establish the invertibility theory over quadratic finite automata by R〓R〓 transformation methods.

这类二次型的主要特点是它们的正交性由它们的生成元的线性相关性决定（2.17定理），这是可以用线性R〓R〓变换方法建立二次型有限自动机弱逆性理论的根本原因。

we use the unity and orthogonal of Hubbard operators to give the transforming formula of Pauli matrices and Hubbard operators, by using these transforming formula we realize the change from Pauli matrices to Hubbard operators.

方法我们利用Hubbard算符的归一性和正交性给出了Hubbard算符和Pauli矩阵之间转化的运算公式，从而实现了哈密顿量表示方式的转化。

In comparison to scalar wavelets, multiwavelets simutaneously have several advantages such as compactsupport, orthogonality symmetry and so on, which are known to be important in signal processing. Thus, multiwavelets offer the possibility of superior performance for image processing applications.

与单小波相比较，多小波同时具备诸如紧支性、正交性、对称性等诸多在信号处理中非常重要的良好性质；这决定了多小波是一种优于单小波的信号处理技术。

The selected subject gives a general design of the grating auto testing instrument, by using the characteristics of orthogonal A and B signals output by optical encoder and symmetrical black and white linear transmission grating bar, and analyzing the means of the high electrical level of signals change to number of counter pluses.

本文通过分析了编码器输出两路信号的正交性(相位相差90°)与直线透射式光栅黑白栅条的分布均匀性的特性，应用把高电平宽度转换为计数脉冲的个数的测试方法，给出了光栅自动测试仪的总体设计方案。

We introduced the method of alternative adjust of orthogonality and concentrativeness. In the process of adjusting orthogonality, concentrativeness is adjusted simultaneously.

本文提出了一种生成网格的改进方法，此方法的本质是交替地改善网格的正交性和汇聚性。

Some improvement on the original Poisson equation numerical generation grid method in which the control over grid concentrativeness partly lost due to the grid improvement on orthogonality was made.

在最初Poisson方程数值生成网格方法中对汇聚性的控制并不十分有力，因为随着迭代次数的增加，正交性得到改善，但离壁距离以及网格线分布难以保证。

This paper starts from analyzing the internal machinism of chemical process and proceeds with studies of how to apply Input Training Neural Network and RBF Neural Network to model the complex process of pyrolysis.

将机理模型计算数据与现场采集数据相结合，获得正交性和完备性较好的训练样本数据，增强模型的外推能力和可信度。研究应用粒子群算法解决乙烯裂解炉的操作优化。

Compared with scalar wavelets, multiwavelet offers simultaneous orthogonality, symmetry and short support, which is not possible for scalar wavelets, and it plays an important role in the signal processing. Especially in increasing identification efficiency and reducing misdeem ratio of aviation picture in military reconnaissance, multiwavelet plays a more important role.

多小波技术把十分重要的光滑性、对称性、正交性、有限支撑等完美地结合起来，弥补了单小波的不足，为信号处理领域开辟了新纪元，尤其在提高军方侦察航空图像的判读效率、减少误判率方面更具有十分重要的意义。

At the rear was an innovative combination transaxle with the gearbox, clutch, differential, and inboard-mounted drum brakes.

在后面是与变速箱，离合器，差的创新结合变速，和内侧安装鼓式制动器。

For more people can apprecaite and have the master work, there is reproduction painting appears in the market, the large various selection of paint,the high saturation of color plus the plentiful sfumato, to make the reproduction perfect copy and detail as original painting, so as to meet the requirment of amateurs who love art paintings,they do not need to pay high price to get classical paintings.

颜料色域广，色彩饱和度高，色彩层次丰富，图像色彩还原真实，能完美的复制原作，满足艺术爱好者欣赏，艺术爱好者们不用支付昂贵的价格就能拥有经典油画。