构造

Combining the actual rockburst status after excavation, based on the previous research data in the earlier stage, the character of the tectonic stress in Cangling Tunnel is studied. Finite element method is adopted to simulate the site excavation steps. At the same time, the tectonic stress is changed on the boundary of the model to simulate the actual rockburst areas; and the most proximal area's value is adopted to decide the section tectonic stress. Then, other sections' values are revised.

从苍岭隧道的构造应力场特征入手，结合现场开挖后岩爆实际发生状况，在前期研究资料的基础上，利用有限元计算分析，模拟现场实际施工步骤的同时不断改变模型边界上的构造应力来拟合实际岩爆区，以最接近实际破坏范围的计算结果界定区段构造应力值，据此对隧道各区段的构造应力进行修正。

The reservoir rock types in the region of interest are grain limestone, algal limestone, cryptite, siltstone, muddy limestone and mudstone. The thesis identified as a result of changes in the deposition causing the heterogeneity in plane, and then the geological oil reserves have been calculated in accordance with the areal heterogeneity.3、Based on the data of core analysis, bore logging, array induction imaging log and FMI, porosity and permeability model were built using regression analysis. Through testing 45 rock samples, a, b, m, n value were obtained and used to calculate single-layer oil saturation value using the Archie formula. According to the theory of laterolog and inductolog, resistivity ratio and cross plot were used to identification effective thickness. Effective thickness was identified delicately in 103 wells. Based on the over work, active porosity and oil saturation was calculated accurately.4、According to observation of 100 pieces of the thin slices, cast thin slices and 383m core in three wells, the chief diagenesis in this area were compaction, cementation, denudation and cataclasis. Cementation and denudation were universally influenced active porosity this area. The intergranular pores, residual pores and secondary pores were formed in thin carbonated reservoir of lacustrine facies.5、The influence of reservoir heterogeneity to reservoir calculation was analyzed systematically using actual data. And the conclusions were as follows:①The principal reason leading to oil distribution unequal is interior structural feature of reservoir in structural hydrocarbon reservoir.

确定了由于沉积微相的变化而导致的平面非均质性，进而在平面上按照平面非均质单元计算了石油地质储量。3、利用岩心分析、常规测井曲线与阵列感应、成像测井资料相结合，分岩性利用回归分析方法建立了储层孔隙度、渗透率模型；通过对45块岩样进行岩电试验，获取了a、b、m、n值，利用阿尔奇公式计算了各单层含油饱和度值；根据侧向电阻率和感应电阻率串并联特性，利用电阻率比值法与常规交会图法相结合重建了有效厚度图版，对全区103口井目的层段进行了有效厚度精细划分，通过以上工作，准确求取了储量计算单元内有效厚度参数、有效孔隙度参数以及含油饱和度参数。4、通过对研究区3口井383m岩心观察，100余块薄片、铸体薄片镜下鉴定得出：油泉子油田上、下油砂山组储层主要成岩作用是压实作用、胶结作用、溶蚀作用和破裂作用，其中溶蚀作用、胶结作用最普遍，这两种作用对有效孔隙度影响最大，以上成岩作用形成了原生粒间孔、粒间残余孔和次生孔隙(如粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔、铸模孔、晶间孔等)为主的薄层湖相碳酸盐岩储层。5、利用实际资料，系统分析了油藏非均质对储量计算的影响，认为：①对于构造油气藏而言，油气藏构造及断裂特征是造成油气分布不均的首要原因，储集条件相同的条件下，构造高部位有利于储存油气，油气在垂向的重力分异体现了油气藏内部构造的不均一特征。

However,earth sciences have been proceeding,the plate tectonics becomes insufficient tointerpret the complicated tectonic features in the earth crust,especially in the Early Pre-cambrian shields, platform s and cratons.

然而随着地球科学理论的发展，板块构造理论对于解释地壳，特别是早前寒武的地盾、地台和克拉通区的复杂构造现象显得不完备，因此，近20年来地体构造理论的发展补充了板块构造理论的不足。

According to the tectonic setting and minefield structural features analyses,considered that the genetic mechanism of Hanxiecun small dome structure in Yaoshan minefield is a diapiric thermal dome.

根据区域构造背景及井田构造特征分析，认为尧山井田韩解村小穹隆构造的成因机制为底辟式热穹隆构造。

The late indosinian granites in the CAQ display primarily magmatic structure,and their magnetic foliations and lineations are very different from the regional structure characterized the thrust tectonics,the emplacement mechanism also changed in different areas,all these evidence indicate that the tectonic settings is not compressional in late indosinian period when the magmatic activities developed,but a tectonic quiescence just after collision.

东西秦岭交接转换区内晚印支期花岗岩总体显示以岩浆流动构造为主，组构特征区别于作为围岩的逆冲推覆构造，不同区域的岩浆侵位过程也明显不同，表明在晚印支期岩浆活动时，区域构造已并非统一的大规模挤压推覆，而表现为碰撞造山后早期相对稳定的构造环境。

It experienced two stages of basin-forming structural transformation, giving rise to the deep- and shallow-level systems of overlapped faults in the north of the Taibei uplift: the deep-level fault system is a basement thrust one marked by a combination of thrusts and backthrusts, and the shallow-level fault system is a normal fault one, marked by a combination of grabens and horsts.

经过两期成盆构造变革阶段，塔北隆起北部垂向上叠加深，浅层两组断裂系统：深层断裂系统为基底逆冲断裂，发育冲断构造，背冲构造组合；浅层断裂系统为正断层，发育地堑，地垒构造样式组合。

The bedded permeable layer supply oil is controlled by structural hights,the migration paths are usually the counter lines of vertical structures,and oil migrates towards the height of noze structure along the noze bridg.

层状渗透层供油受构造高点控制，运移路径一般为垂直构造等高线沿鼻状构造的鼻梁向构造高点运移。

The ice raft and the glacier mud rock flow deposited along the northern and northwest edge of the plateau during early Cretaceous, implies that the northern edge of the plateau may be of the suitable height, may be similar to present＇s Himalaya Mountain.

该区中生代构造特征表明，该区侏罗纪和早白垩世的构造特点有着巨大的差异：侏罗纪，尤其是晚侏罗世末期以南北向的挤压构造为主，而早白垩世中期以后演变为以伸展构造为特征，古地理古环境明显改变。

The carbonate reservoir is characterized by the fact that the azimuth of fractures is related with structural axis, the developmental extent of fractures and structural location are close related to dip of structure, low-dipping structural axis has not growth fractures. Otherwise, growth fractures, density of fractures are related thickness of layer, more thickness, then less density of fractures. Intra-fracture of layer is main. Some marlstone and anhydrite barriers exist in the reservoir, and become some non-connected oil-water system.

结果表明：碳酸盐岩油藏为裂缝的发育程度与构造位置及构造倾角的大小有关，构造轴部倾角小裂缝不发育，构造翼部倾角大，裂缝发育；裂缝发育密度随着单层厚度增加而逐渐减小；裂缝以层内缝为主，穿层大裂缝少；油藏中存在若干泥质灰岩和膏盐的隔夹层，形成多个连通不畅的油水分布系统。

Selecting two ophiolite zones (namely Hongliugou-Lapeiquan ophiolite zone and Sulamutage ophiolite zone) respectively located within the southern and northern part of the Altyn fault and based on analysis of field geology characteristics and geochemistry, this paper recognized the rock types (mainly mafic and ultramafic rocks) within the melanges and subdivided each lithological unit based on tectonic environment.

本文以阿尔金断裂带南、北两条蛇绿混杂带(即红柳沟-拉配泉带和茫崖-苏拉木塔格带)为研究对象，根据野外地质特征和地球化学分析，鉴定混杂堆积的岩石种类，以构造环境划分各岩石单元，最后用大地构造相研究方法恢复阿尔金地区古构造格局，以碰撞造山带理论讨论其古构造演化。

Chrysanthemum of 10 thousand birthday is lax to edaphic requirement, with the arenaceous qualitative loam with fecund, good drainage had better.

万寿菊对土壤要求不严，以肥沃。排水良好的砂质壤土为好。

He unstepped the mast and furled the sail and tied it.

他拔下桅杆，把帆卷起，系住。