杂种

The study on kenaf sterile line may be a base for the utilization of heterosis. In this paper, the research progress of kenaf sterile line was summarized based on the level of morphology, cell and molecule. We also discussed some related technological problems of heterosis.

红麻雄性不育系的研究是红麻杂种优势利用的重要基础，本文从个体形态、细胞和分子生物学层面上综述红麻雄性不育系的研究进展，并讨论和展望了红麻雄性不育与杂种优势利用的关键科学技术问题。

We obtained several hybrid individuals from a cross, Locusta migratoria migratoria L.

根据我们所观察的几个杂种个体的成熟分裂，在杂种的染色体结构差別中可能有一逆位区存在。

Thus most individuals in an outbreeding population could be called hybrids, and geneticists apply the term to the F1generation resulting from a monohybrid cross, where the offspring differ in the alleles of a single gene.

大多数异系交配的个体可以被称为杂种，遗传学上常将进行单因子杂交得到的 F1代称为杂种，它们在一个位点上具有不同的等位基因。

The trigerieric hybrid involving Triticum, Leymus and Thinopyrum has been created by the cross between Octoploid Tritileymus and Octoploid Tritithinopyrum, and the morphology, fertility and cytology of the F1 hybrids was studied.

利用八倍体小滨麦和八倍体小偃麦杂交，创制出小麦－滨麦－偃麦草三属杂种，对杂种F1进行了形态学、育性和细胞学分析。

In crosses of B. napus×B.carinata, the hybrid endosperm developed unsuffic-iently and became cellular precociously, the hybrid embryo developed slowly and stopped at the heart or torpedo stage after exhausting the precociously developed endosperm tissue.

在甘蓝型油菜×埃塞俄比亚芥中，杂种胚乳不甚发育并提前形成细胞，杂种胚发育缓慢，消耗早育的胚乳组织后便停滞在心形期或鱼雷形期。

Chromosome pairing behavior in meiosis of the hybrid F1 was carried out. Results showed that in an average , 1.25 rod bivalents were observed in one PMC, meiotic configuration was 2n=14=11.49Ⅰ+1.25Ⅱ(Xta=1.25) and most of PMCs possessed 1～5 bivalens, indicating that the relatively high homeology was detected between the D genome of Ae.tauschii and the V genome of D.villosum. The morphological differences between F1 hybrids and their parents were significant. F1 plants were highly self-sterile, but partially self-fertile after treated by chromosome doubling technique.

对杂种F1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体配对行为进行观察发现，"节节麦×簇毛麦"杂种F1平均每PMC有1.25个棒状二价体，染色体的平均构型为2n=14=11.49Ⅰ+1.25Ⅱ(Xta=1.25)，大部分被观察的细胞出现1～5个二价体，表明节节麦D染色体与簇毛麦V染色体间具有相对较高的部分同源配对， D和V染色体之间存在一定的部分同源性。F1植株高度自交不育，经染色体加倍处理后能够自交结实。

The self-fertile trigeneric hybrids between Triticum aestivum L.(2n=6x=42;AABBDD) and Agropyron michnoi Roshev.(2n=4x=28;PPPP) F1 hybrid (CM,2n=5x=35,ABDPP)with two rye (Secale cereale L.,2n=2x=14;RR)cultivars, Wugong 774 and AR132 were produced.

普通小麦(Triticum aetivum L。，2n=6x=42；AABBDD)和根茎冰草(Agrop yronmichnoi Reshev。，2n=4x=28；PPPP)间的F1杂种(2n=5x=35；ABDPP)与两个黑麦(Secale cereale L。， 2n=2x=14；RR)品种杂交，产生了自交可育的三属杂种。

F1 hybrid has the morphological feature which is between the male and female parents and shoed strong heterosis, exuberant vitality, late ripe period and low rate of self-fertility. The average chromosome configuration of F1 in PMC MI was 18.58Ⅰ+18.59Ⅱ+0.085Ⅲ+0.028Ⅳ. At anphase Ⅰ in PMC, some laggard chromosomes arranged in equatorial plate. Micronucleus and a lot of abnormal cells can be observed at dyad, tetrad and microspore.

杂种F1形态特征介于双亲之间，具有较强的杂种优势，生长旺盛，熟期晚，自交结实率较低。F1花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ平均染色体构型为18.58Ⅰ+18.59Ⅱ+0.085Ⅲ+0.028Ⅳ，PMC后期Ⅰ观察到部分落后染色体排列在赤道板上；二分体、四分体和小孢子时期，细胞内普遍观察到微核，且出现大量异形细胞。

Sex-linkage model reveals that hybrid vigor rate is a complex function related withdominance of gene effects of hybrid,additivity and dominance of the parent genes,and ef-fects of sex-linked genes.Owing to interaction of genes and environment,hybrid vigor ratevaries with seasons.

性连锁模型揭示，杂种优势率是一个与杂交种的显性效应、亲本的加性效应、显性效应、性连锁效应等基因效应有关的复杂函数，由于基因与环境的互作，造成杂种优势率在不同季节表现不一致。

Heterosis for fructan accumulation and content,tissue nitrogen accumulation and content in various growth stages of six hybrids was studied at the University of Sydeny, Plant Breeding Institute, Narrabri in 1996 season.

果糖积累的杂种优势与籽粒产量、籽粒氮产量和含量优势一般无显著相关关系；开花期和灌浆末期植株果糖含量的杂种优势正相关于籽粒产量优势，负相关于籽粒氮含量优势。

He is the most remarkable man that I have ever known.

他是我知道的人中最值得注意的人。

Increased appearance of lymphocele was noticed in patients with diabetic nephropathy, congenital malformations of the urinary tract, and inflammatory diseases, including glomerulopathy and extraglomerular ones, after high-voltage radiotherapy and after removal of the renal graft.

经过高压放射疗法和切除移植肾后，在糖尿病肾病患者、泌尿系统先天性畸形患者和炎症患者身上发现淋巴囊肿有所增加，包括肾小球病和球外疾病等。