方法

From 1920s up to Now, various techniques and methods for wave field decomposition, propagation and migration/imaging have been well developed, such as the Kirchhoff asymptotic method, frequency-wavenumber domain phase-shift and phase-shift-plus-interpolation methods, and the one-way wave equation based phase-screen and generalized screen methods, etc.

自上个世纪二十年代至今，波场分解、传播与偏移成像技术经历了将近一个世纪的发展，形成了多种不同的方法，如Kirchhoff波动方程高频近似解方法，频率-波数域的相移(phase-shift)方法和相移-内插方法，以及在混合域中基于单向波动方程的相位屏、广义屏方法等。

First, this paper, in the field of intrinsic geometry, studies the geometric problems on garment design, as well as applies the frame and semi-geodesic coordinates to prove the fundamental theorem of being a developable surface.

文中首先在内在几何学的层次上，研究了服装设计所涉及的几何学问题，应用标架与半测地坐标方法证明了曲面成为可展面的基本定理，研究了可展面的分类及其性质，考虑到服装三维几何造型的需要，证明了组合式可展面各组成片相切连接条件的命题，作为构造可展面的理论依据，证明了单参数平面族的包络面必为可展面的命题，在此基础上发展出服装几何造型的"刮大白"方法以及相关的三种构造可展面的解析方法。3D→2D的变换是三维服装CAD的重要内容之一，其几何学实质是曲面的定长映射，文中总结了定长映射即可展面在平面上展开的基本准则，在这一准则的指导下，结合服装设计与相关领域的要求，讨论了可展面在平面上展开的解析方法与数字方法，上述内容确立了服装设计几何学的基本框架。

Based on Tatarski turbulence model, this thesis compares four turbulence parameterizations, namely Sterenborg method, Coulman method, Dewan method and Lee Shuangxi mothod with high resolution radiosonde data of Hilo radiosonde station which are stored in SPARC data center.

本文在Tatarski湍流模式基础上，分析比较了四种湍流参数化方法，分别为Sterenborg方法、Coulman方法、Dewan方法和李双喜方法，采用SPARC数据中心夏威夷Hilo探空站的高分辨率常规气象探空资料，估算出廓线。

In this dissertation, based on the extraction of meaningful polarization information, the polarimetric speckle reduction, polarimetric contrast enhancement, polarimetric classification and ship detection in polarimetric SAR images are systemically studied. During the study, some new concepts and methods are introduced, which are supported by the application to measured Pol-SAR data. The innovations of this dissertation are as follows: 1 A simplified schem is proposed to reduce the complexity of scattering-model-based speckle filtering. 2 Extend the expression of polarimetric correlation coefficient to help distinguishing targets. In addition, introduce the quantized parameters of polarimetric signature so as to show the differentiae in quantity in co-polar power, cross-polar power and shapes of polarization signatures among targets. 3 Define a new parameter of difference degree between targets, which can be used for express the difference between both coherent and distributed scatters.

论文在较系统的研究目标特征量提取方法和特征量所包含的物理意义的基础上，对极化SAR图像降斑、极化对比增强、极化SAR图像分类以及极化SAR图像中海上舰船目标检测等方面进行了研究，并提出了一些新的概念和方法，对实测数据的处理结果表明，这些新的概念和方法对于极化SAR信息处理是有效的，本文的主要创新成果包括以下方面： 1）针对基于预分类的MMSE极化降斑方法实现过程非常复杂的问题，提出了简化方案，并验证了方案的有效性； 2）扩展了极化相关系数的表示方法，这种扩展增强了极化相关系数对目标的区分效果；另外还提出了极化特征图量化参数，可以从量上表征不同目标间相同极化和交叉极化的回波功率差异和极化特征图形状差异； 3）定义了目标间的差异度参数，它不仅可以用于描述相干目标，还可以用于描述分布目标的差别程度。

The paper showed the conception and species of the edge,and deeply explored the differential operator methods of first order and differential operator methods of second order.

通过介绍边缘的概念及种类，对传统的一阶微分方法和二阶微分方法进行了深入的探索，对各种微分方法的原理及过程，以及各种方法对图像的处理结果进行了对比分析，最后对遥感图像边缘提取方法所面临的问题和今后的发展方向表达了自己的观点。

The validities of amplitude features and their extraction method suitable in high-frequency SAR image are analyzed when they are used in UWB SAR image. An extraction approach of amplitude feature based on target contour is presented, and the corresponding effective amplitude features are proposed. The old dihedral angle model is analyzed and improved. The approach of azimuthal feature extraction is proposed based on the conclusion of the improved dihedral angle model. The problems, which appear when the common change detection methods are used to extract the change feature based on ROI, are analyzed. And a robust and feasible extraction approach is presented.

分析了适于高频SAR图像的幅度特征及其提取方法用于UWB SAR图像时的有效性，提出了基于目标轮廓的幅度特征提取方法及相应的适用幅度特征；分析了已有二面角模型在建模过程中存在的问题并进行了改进建模，基于改进二面角模型结论提出了方位向特征提取方法；分析了常用变化检测方法用于提取ROI变化特征时存在的问题，提出了一种稳健可行的变化特征提取方法。

There are four categoriesabout the method of magnetic field : base on law of electromagnetic induction, the methods of measurement based on mechanical, base on magnetic field effect, based on the magnetic resonance method.

磁场测量的方法主要有四类：基于电磁感应定律的方法，基于力学测量的方法，基于磁场电效应的方法，基于磁共振的方法。

Taking the scientific verified method, argumentation explicative method, Marxism materialist dialectics and intuitive method of experience as the main frame, beginning with the stereoscopic vision of fusion and creation, this paper makes a macroscopic and systematic research on the academic methodology during Minguo period according to the internal line of reasoning of society change, academic debug and method creation.

本文尝试以科学实证方法、义理阐释方法、马克思主义唯物辩证方法、直觉体悟方法为主体框架，从融合与创新的立体视眼切入，按照社会转型、学术调适、方法创新的内在理路，对民国时期的学术方法论作一宏观、系统的研究，以此来凸现民国时期学术方法论的整体面貌和价值，并从历史和逻辑的层面揭示人类文化在不断接触中融合、在不断融合中创新、在不断创新中发展的客观规律。

In this paper, we consider hyperbolic conservation laws, and the following work has been done to the finite volume method on unstructured meshes :In preface , we introduce the backupground of the oringe of the finite volume method, and point out the limitation of the finite difference methods and the finite element methods, and import the finite volume method.

本文主要考虑双曲型守恒律方程，对二维非结构三角形网格有限体积方法作了如下工作：介绍了有限体积方法的产生背景，指出了有限差分方法和有限元方法中的特点，对有限体积方法的产生和发展给出了比较详细的分析。

Firstly, the background and the significant of the research is discussed, modern software engineering and its development is also outlined, and the present states and the reason of using the modern software engineering in power systems are also analyzed. Secondly, related theories and methods of the modern software engineering are systematically given in details, which establish the basis of the software development with the software engineering in power systems. Thirdly, the necessity of the developed power system software with the software engineering is analyzed deeply and the key techniques in carrying out the software development with the software engineering are discussed. Based on these, a concrete approach about the software development with the software engineering is proposed. And then, the software design process of 'GPS synchronous monitoring system of Hunan power grid'is given to demonstrate the utilization of the approach proposed. Subsequently, quality and efficiency of the software is analyzed, which indicates the validity of the method used. At last, the main work and fruitage of the thesis is concluded, and the further research is also pointed out.

论文首先论述了课题研究的背景和意义，概述了现代软件工程及其发展，分析了现代软件工程在电力系统中的应用现状及其原因；然后系统地阐述了现代软件工程的相关理论和方法，奠定了电力系统软件工程化开发的理论基础；接着分析了电力系统软件工程化开发的必要性，探讨了实施工程化开发涉及到的关键技术，结合现代软件工程的理论和方法，提出了一种电力系统软件工程化开发的具体方法；之后以湖南电力系统状态GPS 同步监测系统软件的开发为例，详细地阐述了该工程化方法在电力系统软件开发中的具体实践过程，并分析了软件开发的结果，指出了该方法是解决软件开发质量和效率问题的有效途径；论文最后对主要工作和成果进行了总结，并指出了有待进一步开展的工作。

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At first I only know bruck is the idol of American younglings, afterwards I returned back to Taiwan ,even in Beijing last year ,I saw her poster everywhere, I was so surprised at her charm.

起初我只晓得布鲁克雷德丝是美国少男少女崇拜的偶像，后来回台湾，甚至去年在北京，居然也四处看见她的海报，才惊讶她的魅力之大。