改造

Firstly, this thesis presented the theory of overspeed protection system. And pointed out the reason why the emergency stop system is often fails in stroke. And then use the theory of hydrodynamics and fluidics jet to solve the problem. The conclusions can be used to analyze the status of emergency stop system, which often acts early.

本文首先分析了该型超速保护的动作原理，指出该型危急保安器注油试验拒动的原因；首次利用流体力学的相关理论引入射流的概念，提出了改造方案，同时对该型危急保安器注油试验装置改造后飞环提前动作作出了理论分析。

According to the character of outer shape of modem buses, the numerical calculations are performed from the simplest shape-cuboid by using ANSYS/FLOTRAN software. First, the foreside of the cuboid is modified step by step in 17 models (this is equal to the process of modification to the foreside of a bus).

在本文中，应用ANSYS／FLOFAN软件，根据现代客车外形的特点，从最简单的长方体开始进行数值模拟计算，首先对长方体的前部进行逐步改造(相当于对一个客车头部进行改造的过程)，这一步骤包括了17个模型；然后再对其尾部进行变化，以模拟客车后车体形状对空气阻力系数的影响，该步骤包括9个模型：最后给出两种现代客车的数值模拟结果。

For fracturing of multilayers in long interval, conventional method was to frac the layer one by one, while most of the other layers could not get improved at the same time.

常规大井段多油层压裂只能对其中的某一层段进行改造，而其他大多数层位并未得到改造，往往是得到处理的层位并不完全是设计的层位，压裂效果受到很大的影响。

The vein type mineralization of the Maanqiao was formed from the mixture of magmatic gases with basin oil hot brine and the boiling of ore-forming fluids, the mixture of aside magmatic gas with basin oil hot brine brought on the reformed vein type ores of the Huoshibulake during the irruption of granite porphyry veins.

改造成矿作用主要发生在造山作用后伸展期的岩浆活动阶段，岩浆气液和盆地油田热卤水的混合形成改造热液，形成了马鞍桥和霍什布拉克矿床的脉状矿化。

In general, the design work with traditional measures is done by hand, which cannot meet the needs of the technology and manufacture. So the author has developed a CAD hydraulic design software fit for lower specific speed axial flow runner, which is easily operated by users.The main research work of this paper is as follows:1 Analyzing the main reason of axial flow power station cannot work well under littler volume of flow in some season and putting forward an improving scheme, pointing out the characters of design under abnormal factors.2 Combined with the development of the industry in our country, the abnormal hydraulic design method of propeller turbine is discussed based on present literature, data and experiment results.3 Guided by the design method of software engineering, a suit of hydraulic design software of Lower Specific Speed Axial Flow Runner is programmed by the object-oriented programming language Visual Basic and a straightforward, concise and standard Windows human-computer dialogue interface is designed for the system, which makes the operation of the system very convenient.4 ActiveX Automation technology is adopted as the interface with AutoCAD and the hydraulic drawings are edited, modified by AutoCAD until hydraulic model drawings according with the demand of engineering practice are output.5 To resolve practice problem, the author has designed a lower specific speed axial flow runner for Duowa Power Station through an example.

论文的主要内容有：1 深入分析很多轴流定桨式水电站枯水季节小流量下不能发电的主要原因，提出减容改造方案，并指出超常规条件下的改造设计特点。2 结合国情及行业发展需要，参考现有资料、文献和前人的研究成果，进行低比转速轴流式转轮叶片水力设计方法的研究，对轴流式转轮叶片的奇点分布法水力设计进行了全面的探索，结合现代计算机技术，找到了一种针对特殊条件的轴流式转轮叶片水力设计方法。3 仔细比较多种AutoCAD二次开发工具后，结合本课题的特点，选用Visual Basic语言，综合应用软件工程的设计思想，进行低比转速轴流式转轮叶片水力设计软件的编制，为系统设计了直观、简洁和标准的Windows人机对话界面，便于用户操作；编程时在考虑到设计条件特殊性的同时，尽量做到程序的通用性，使之可用于解决同一类问题；另外，大部分程序还可移植到普通轴流式转轮叶片水力设计中，具有良好的适应性。4 利用ActiveX Automation技术与AutoCAD接口，对AutoCAD进行二次开发，在AutoCAD下实现水力图的自动生成和编辑，直至输出符合实际工程要求的木模图。5 通过算例，为多哇水电站设计了一个低比转速轴流定桨式转轮，解决其在枯水期小流量下不能发电的问题。

Indeed, Hurd stressed several times that HP's efforts to cut costs are far from done:"We are transforming and are not transformed," he said.

说真的， Hurd 强调过好几次， HP 在降低成本的努力上离完成目标还很远："我们在自我改造，而不是被动的被改造，"他说道

In order to reduce the expense production,by using the design principle such as locally supllying strength and approximately equi-strength ,standing shield hydraulic support can be revamped as efficieatly shield hydraulic support.

为了降低生产成本，采用局部补强、近似等强度的设计原理，将支撑掩护式支架改造成掩护式支架，改造后的支架完全具备掩护式液压支架在强度方面和运行轨迹方面的要求，同时也达到了减轻支架自身的目标。

Intrigued, immunologist Abraham Karpas of Cambridge University and his colleagues worked for more than 20 years to find a way to make human cells specialize in monoclonal antibodies.

令人兴奋的是，剑桥大学的免疫学家Abraham Karpas和他的伙伴们经过20多年的努力工作，终于找到了一条改造人体细胞的方法，经过改造的这种人体细胞可以专门用来研究人类自己的单克隆抗体。

Only since animals are mere shadows, God has not made them capable of education in the full sense of the word; what is the use?

不过，既然禽兽只是一种暗示，上帝就没有要改造它们的意思；再说，改造禽兽又有什么用呢？

In the last part, we analysis the disadvantage of the system and the sources of errors.

本文着重阐述了笔者对绝热温变测试系统的改造方案，分析了改造后系统测试的精确度及自动化程度，并分析了误差来源及系统需进一步完善的地方。

I am sure after a few weeks of adaptation and familiarization I will have no difficulty in functioning on a daily basis in an English speaking society or in participating fully in graduate studies.

在大学的三年的学习生活不仅给予我自身的充实，更重要的是磨练和培养了我较强的自觉能力和严谨，踏实的作风以及不怕困难的精神，对未来充满了信心！

As the first volcanoes erupted, one of the gases that bellowed out was steam.

在第一批火山喷发时，喷出的气体之一就是水蒸汽。