开挖隧道

There is a great impact on adjacent pile foundation due to the excess ground movements by tunneling, which will disserve the safety of adjacent buildings. The study on the influence of tunneling to the behaviors of adjacent piles is very important for the safety of adjacent buildings, and it is an urgent problem for developing city subway tunnels cosmically.

城市地铁隧道开挖引起地层变形超过一定范围，将对邻近建筑物桩基础产生较大影响，危及邻近建筑物的安全，故研究隧道施工对邻近桩基工作性状的影响，对确保邻近建筑物的安全尤为重要，是我国大规模发展城市地铁隧道必须解决的紧迫课题。

It was necessary that the frontispiece of face was pre-supported in the especial stratum. Fourthly, by the model analytic value and the FEM numerical simulation, the advance reinforcement parameters were analyzed roundly, and its results explained that the parameters had optimal values. A series of formulations conforming loads born up for pre-reinforcement structure were given, and five rules for its design and choice were put forward.

全面分析了影响工作面超前预加固参数的因素；揭示了拱部超前预加固参数与地层参数、隧道开挖与支护参数等的内在联系；论证了地层预加固参数的最佳值概念；给出了确定超前预加固结构作用荷载的半拱法、全拱法和全土柱法理论计算公式；建立了隧道工作面上覆地层稳定性判别的准则；提出了工作面地层预加固参数设计与选择的5个指导原则；最后给出了一整套确定浅埋暗挖法隧道工作面地层预加固参数的动态设计方法。

Based upon monitoring results of radioactive materials in tunnel excavation construction in Qinling Tunnel the intensity of radioactivity and distribution regularities is summarized, meanwhile, preliminary assessment and research are conducted for radiation hazard and protection.

结合西康线秦岭特长隧道Ⅱ线平导开挖过程中对隧道放射性物质监测结果，针对隧道内放射性强度、分布规律进行了归纳、总结，并就其辐射危害及防护进行了初步评价和研究。

Considering the space and time effect of part divided in excavating above the Metro tunnel, the time of soil excavating and the bottom exposed should be less when space effect is inconspicuous, it is good for reducing upheave.

2考虑轨道正上方土体分段开挖的时空综合效应，对土体的开挖应该在保证空间效应变化不大的情况下尽量缩短开挖及坑底暴露时间，有利于减少基坑变形及基坑下方隧道的纵向变形。

Bench cut method; benching stepping method ...

将隧道断面分层，各层的开挖与衬砌沿隧道纵轴错开并进的隧道施工方法。

The construction plan of double-joined arch is validated using numerical simulation when dilapidating segments to construct single connecting tunnel between two shield-driven tunnels in this paper.

应用数值模拟方法研究了在盾构法修建隧道的基础上拆除管片修建渡线隧道中双联拱段方案的可行性，研究表明双联拱方案是可行的；另外，拆除管片并开挖时、施做中墙时均会引起地面较大的沉降，施工完毕后会在双联拱右部与原盾构隧道之间产生塑性区，为此提出了施工建议。

To understand new kind of principle of controlling drainage on mountain tunnel,point out water block by preliminary grouting ahead tunnel excavation,two kinds of concept of external water load are elaborated respectively under the condition of rock grouting,in order to realize principle of controlling.

通过对山岭隧道新排水原则的理解，指出了要在隧道开挖前进行预注浆堵水，并阐述了在围岩注浆情况下隧道的两种外水荷载的概念，从而达到控制排水原则的目的。

Rock blast is one of the main geological hazards during tunnel construction at high land stress zone. Rock blast greatly threatens the production safety of the construction enterprise. It is of great importance to predict the extent of rock blast when designing and constructing this kind of tunnel.

岩爆是高地应力区岩质隧道开挖施工过程中发生的主要施工地质灾害之一，它的发生对隧道施工企业的安全生产构成很大的威胁，对岩爆发生可能性及其程度的预测是这类隧道设计、施工及安全生产所面临的重大问题。

This research shows that the effect of shield tunnel on the adjacent building's pile foundation is time dependent, because the adjacent structure and the pile foundation are affected in a certain period of time even after the shield was excavated, and this affected time is related to the viscoelastic property of soil, the parameters of the existing tunnel and structure.

研究表明，盾构隧道对邻近建筑物及桩基的影响是时间相关的，隧道在开挖后一段时间内对周边建筑及桩基产生影响，其影响时间的长短与周边土体的粘弹性性质以及隧道和邻近建筑的参数有关。

This paper studies the second Ventilated Shaft of Qinling Zhongnanshan tunnel in Xi an-Ankang freeway, and makes a research of the stability of the shaft surrounding rock through the construction process in different depth.

本文以西安-安康高速公路秦岭终南山隧道2#通风竖井为研究实例，以竖井开挖过程中围岩稳定性为主要研究对象，主要分析了开挖过程中，不同深度下竖井开挖对竖井同岩稳定性的影响。

What are your goals and strategies for growth?

你的成长目标和策略是什么？

And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write; These things saith he that hath the seven irits of God, and the seven star I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead.

3：1 你要写信给撒狄教会的使者，说，那有神的七灵和七星的，说，我知道你的行为，按名你是活的，其实是死的。