学术

Notwithstanding the occasional absolutist claims for academic freedom, which some seem to understand as the freedom of academics to do anything, this paper argues that intellectual freedom is restricted to the role of universities and must be checked by other competing interests of society.

尽管一些专制主义者也偶尔主张学术自由，也就是一些人理解的对任何学术问题的自由，但是此文认为，学术自由应仅限于大学里学术观点的自由，并且要同时受到社会其他利益的制约。

Many academic conferences have been hosted in this college such as ' Symposium of the Chinese Society of Herpetology ', '8th Plenary Meeting of the Chinese Society of Cell Biology ', ' International Symposium In Commemoration of Centenary Birth Anniversary of Bryological Pioneer Chen Bangjie ', and ' The 1st Youth Symposium of Mammal Subcommittee of China Zoological Society '.

近年来主办或承办了"中国两栖爬行动物学分会学术讨论会"、"中国细胞生物学学会第八届全国代表大会暨学术大会"、"中国苔藓植物学奠基人陈邦杰先生百年诞辰国际学术研讨会"、"第一届中国动物学会兽类学分会青年学术讨论会"等学术讨论会。

In this article, through studying the Chinese version of The Empire of the Steppes, the author points out that in academic translation there are some problems that great importance should be attached to: the time effectiveness of the interpretative academic works, the ideological tendency of academic works, academic translation should strictly follow the academic norms in the given specialty, including the names of given personages, toponymy, and terminology, the language of academic translation has to be ...

以汉译《草原帝国》为例，学术翻译应注意以下几个问题：诠释性学术著作的时效性；学术著作的思想倾向；学术著作翻译应遵循专业的学术规范，包括人名、地名和专业术语的翻译；学术翻译的语言，要在于确切，同时也要合乎汉语习惯

Many academic conferences have been hosted in this college such as ' Symposium of the Chinese Society of Herpetology ', '8th Plenary Meeting of the Chinese Society of Cell Biology ', ' International Symposium In Commemoration of Centenary Birth Anniversary of Bryological Pioneer Chen Bangjie ', and ' The 1st Youth Symposium of Mammal Subcommittee of China Zoological Society '.

近年来主办或承办了&中国两栖爬行动物学分会学术讨论会&、&中国细胞生物学学会第八届全国代表大会暨学术大会&、&中国苔藓植物学奠基人陈邦杰先生百年诞辰国际学术研讨会&、&第一届中国动物学会兽类学分会青年学术讨论会&等学术讨论会。

The management under the modernity make the chair in university become a quantitative posatition,the posation generate power through symbol,the formulable academic posation generate strong discipline power.Academic creation become a plan project,individuals face a giant engineering structure,the individual moral sensitivity ebbed away. Bestir excessively make arousal become chastisement.Academic activity is making difference and competition in the control of currency, and academic activity become monetization. Academic estimation become a shortterm action.

现代性之下大学的管理使得大学的学术职位演变为一个数量化的位置，这一位置利用符号产生力量，&公式化&的学术位置制造了强大的规训力量；学术创造变成规划性工程，个人时刻面临着非个人的巨型工程结构，个体的道德敏感性泯灭其中；激励与惩罚在现代性之下分界线模糊，对学术激励的过分使用使学术激励其演化成了学术惩罚；大学内学术在货币指挥下正不断地制造差异与竞争，学术货币化；学术考核则演变成一种短期行为。

This article exposes the new tendence of plagiarism in the academic circles at first. Then the author proposes that academic foam which is made by a vast amount of repetitious research of low level and lack of professional spirit is the major obsticle against the progress of Chinese learning. So it suggests that academic criticism should turn to put the emphasis on the widespread superficialism with main feature of repetitious research of low level and flattering each other from exposing the individual ...

学术批评的重心应由当前的以揭露、批判抄袭剽窃的个案为主，转移到以检讨、反思、整治低水平、重复研究和互抬桥子为主要特征的群体浮躁上来；把学术批评的强音由当今的&学术打假&、&反学术腐败&，改换成&提倡学术规范，反对学术浮躁、学术泡沫&；把学术批评的个人见义勇为的&傻瓜的事业&，真正纳入到社会主义精神文明建设的重要议程，各级学术主管部门已到了发挥其应有的作用的时候了。

To the international competitiveness of academic academic, the storage quantity of resources of advanced knowledge mirror the competitiveness of resources of academic profession, the increasing quantity and the value of advanced knowledge reflect the competitiveness of academic delivering of the academic profession, the flowing direction and international prestige of advanced knowledge reflect the attraction and the international force of academic profession, systems of colleges reflect its competence, the zoology of advanced knowledge reflects the environmental force of academic profession, their relationships mirror the forming mechanism of the competitive advantage of academic profession, the bestirring model of international competitiveness of academic profession is consitituted on base of it.

对于学术职业的国际竞争力来说，高深知识的资源存量反映的是学术职业资源的竞争力，高深知识的增量与价值反映的是学术职业的学术竞争力，高深知识的流向和国际声望反映的是学术职业的职业吸引力和国际影响力，高等学校系统反映的是高等学校竞争力，高深知识的生态反映的是学术职业的环境影响力，它们的相互关系反映了学术职业国际竞争优势的形成机制，并在此基础上构成学术职业国际竞争力的激励模型。

Students who have completed the required courses can have access to the choice of over thirty optional courses ranging from tool-using training, to interest extending studies and comprehensive researches. These courses are elaborately designed to extend the students' scope of knowledge in their preferred field and give chances for special-field teachers to teach. We run a Nankai Forum joined by specialists of science and humanities on a regular basis to refresh the academic air and stimulate the students to learn further and wider. We publish the school journal Nankai Teaching Research to help teaching and research. We hold lecture contests among teachers for academic exchange and improvement. We also arrange for students to edit publications, make investigations, and practise socially to create a special atmosphere of learning.

在各年级开齐开足必修课的基础上，学校每学期都开设既严谨又开放的基础工具、兴趣拓展、综合探究等类型的选修课30余门，让老师的专攻有用武之地，学生的个性爱好有拓展的空间；设立&南开讲坛&，定期请来在相关领域有知名度和学术水平的专家学者，科学传导和人文渗透并重，营造在科学观念指导下的文化环境，激发他们对学术殿堂的景仰和向往；定期编辑学术刊物《南开教研》，丰富学术研究的舞台；组织教师基本功优质课比赛，营造交流探讨、学术争论的氛围；组织学生编期刊、搞社会调查、进行社会实践等，建构南开特有的学术氛围。

We ought to from optimize environment of social environment, only chemical method, strengthen the school education, science morality that raises undergraduate oneself consciousness and build the respect such as perfect academic standard to begin, strengthen undergraduate science morality to teach, the academic morality quality that improves an undergraduate hard.

我们应当从优化社会环境、净化学术环境、加强学校教育、提高大学生自身的学术道德意识和建立完善的学术规范等方面着手，加强大学生学术道德教育，努力提高大学生的学术道德素质。

The Higher Education Center is administered by the Music Education Academic Commission, Music Theory Academic Commission, Choral and Conducting Academic Commission, Vocal Academic Commission, Piano Academic Commission, and Accordion and Electronic Organ Academic Commission.

高等教育中心分别设立音乐教育学学术委员会、理论作曲学术委员会、合唱与指挥学术委员会、声乐学术委员会、钢琴学术委员会、手风琴与电子琴学术委员会。

I use an example quoted by Hu Jiaqi:"It is reported that America separates the DNA of a kind of virus by making use of genetic technology and combines it with another kind of DNA. Finally, they get a kind of virulent biological agent called a "pyrotoxin". Someone discloses in private that 20 grams of such a kind of biological agent could result in the global death of 6 billion people due to infection."

我在这里例举胡家奇所引用过的例子："据报道，美国利用转基因技术，将一种病毒的DNA分离出来，与另外一种DNA进行结合，拼结成一种剧毒的"热毒素"生物战剂，且私下有人透露，这种生物战剂只需20克，就可以导致全球60亿人全部感染死亡。"

Waiting, for the queers and the coons and the Reds and the Jews.

等待着疯子和黑人还有红色共产主义者还有犹太人