商业

To achieve this end, anti-commercial bribery regulations by companies can play an important role, as exemplified by a famous labour dispute between DPC Co., Ltd. and its employee. Discussion on the primary content of anti-commercial bribery regulations by companies was carried out.

通过天津德普诊断产品有限公司与其员工因商业贿赂而发生的劳资纠纷案，说明公司制定内部的规章制度在反商业贿赂中的重要作用，并首次系统地提出公司反商业贿赂规章制度应包含的主要内容。

Secondly, the author completely combs and sums up the credit system at different stage. The thesis analyzes the transformation of China's credit system after the foundation of New China. The thesis compares the characteristics and performance of different credit system; understand the historical status of credit system, Summarizes the deficiency in order to improve credit system arrangement.Thirdly, by analyzing an example of how middle size enterprises finance, we conclude that middle and small size company can avoid credit admeasure by the innovation of credit system.

论文分析了从新中国成立至今我国商业银行信贷制度的变迁，通过对不同阶段信贷制度安排的特点以及绩效的比较，了解我国商业银行信贷制度的历史状况，并总结不足，以有利于今后更好的完善。3、通过一个中小企业融资的案例的实证分析，得出银行信贷制度的创新可以使小企业的信贷避免遭遇信贷配给，同时大银行利用平台贷款可以在小企业贷款中降低交易成本，获取比较优势。4、对商业银行信贷制度做了具体细致的研究。

Guide commercial banks to effectively identify, measure, monitor and control credit risk in real estate, in August 2003 we began drafting the "Guide", on the first draft of the scope for small and the relevant professional institutions and commercial banks advisory opinion, the revised and listen to the real estate lending representative of the Banking Board and various areas of commercial banks, real estate companies and the Hong Kong region of the real estate lending risk control practice some more prominent banking institutions.

为引导商业银行有效识别、衡量、监测和控制房地产贷款风险，我们于2003年8月着手起草了《指引》，并就初稿小范围征求了相关专业咨询机构和商业银行的意见，修改后，又广泛听取在房地产贷款方面有代表性地区的银监局以及各类商业银行、部分房地产公司以及香港地区房地产贷款风险管控方面做法较突出的某些银行机构的意见。

In 2009, Jean-Paul Agon has been named the recipient of the Ethics Resource Center's Pace Leadership in Ethics Award (the oldest American organization devoted to ethics), for the accomplishments and contributions of L'Oréal to advance ethical business management.

2009年，因欧莱雅集团在推动商业伦理道德管理方面的成就和贡献，安巩先生被授予"商业伦理领导"荣誉，这是由伦理道理资源中心（该中心是美国历史最悠久的伦理道德机构）组织的专门奖励在伦理方面表现出色的商业领袖的奖项。

In order to understand commercial bank more clear, this paper cover research on micro, models are used to investigate the efficiency of commercial bank.

本文通过对文献的调研，为了对商业银行经营有深入的了解，选择从微观层次对商业银行进行研究，借助模型对商业银行的效率进行测度。

In the chapter of improving banking supervision, we analyze the games with complete and incomplete information between supervisors and banks, and their strategies therein during the operating and market exiting stages. We come to the conclusion that in the long run, the supervision of operational risks should progress from direct surveillance to indirect surveillance. In the chapter of incentives and constraints, we first discuss the reform of personnel system (non- monetary rewards and punishments) and salary system in the SOBs, demonstrated with an optimal model. Then we show that it is feasible for senior executives of SOBs to bear a part of operational risk loss through a model of guarantee and compensation. It is a bold attempt in current situation when domestic liability insurance market is still not mature.

银行业监管一章，我们通过设计一组监管部门与国有商业银行的完全信息和不完全信息博弈，分析了它们在运营阶段和市场退出阶段的政策选择，并提出了对操作风险的监管在长期要实现从"直接监管"到"间接监管"的转变；激励约束一章，我们首先讨论了国有商业银行的人事制度与薪酬制度改革，并通过一个最优化模型给予说明，然后设计了一个操作风险损失保证金与赔偿金模型来说明让国有商业银行高级管理人员负担一部分操作风险损失的可行性。

Meanwhile, it brings up that during the process of transition to diversified management of commercial bank, the changing of financial regulation system and organizations of China should obey the thought which calls step by step, in order to draw regulatory authorities design system and programmers as the change of commercial bank pointedly, realize a benign circle of "bank changing-supervision" and prevent financial risk as well as encourage commercial bank to make bossiness innovation.

并提出在商业银行以渐进方式向综合经营过渡的过程中，中国金融监管制度与组织机构的变革也应遵循渐进调整、改革的思路，以促使监管部门有针对性地对商业银行的变化设计政策和监管方案，以实现"银行变革—监管"的良性循环，在鼓励商业银行业务创新的同时，防范金融风险的蔓延。

With the opening up of China's commercial retail, commercial atmosphere of strong Zhongguancun undoubtedly become the docking with the international commercial bridgehead.

随着对外开放的中国的商业零售，商业气氛的强烈中关村无疑成为对接与国际商业的桥头堡。

The People's Bank of China shall take specific measures pertinently, build up archives of information on the business of commercial acceptance bills within its jurisdiction gradually, and do a good job in monitoring and analyzing the business of commercial acceptance bills within its jurisdiction, it shall build up a "blacklist" of those which unreasonably refuse and defer the payments under commercial acceptance bills, circularize the blacklist to the public at regular intervals, attach more social attention to the payments in breach of contracts, and impose severer punishments on the enterprises that breach contracts.

人民银行要有针对性地采取具体措施，逐步建立辖内商业承兑汇票业务信息档案，做好辖内商业承兑汇票业务的监测与分析工作；建立无理拒付、拖延支付商业承兑汇票的"黑名单"制度，定期向社会通报，增强违约支付的社会关注程度，加大对违约企业的惩戒力度。

It is learned that China's commercial real estate development there are still a number of shortcomings, one of which is the development of the concept of the blind, and some commercial real estate development companies inaccurate positioning of the project, the development of the commercial format is not clear, there is no sequence, such as investment management plan, which led to the development of real estate projects follow-up can not keep up; Second, the existing part of the commercial real estate development enterprises are engaged in housing construction origin, the former in order to sell an end in itself, is an obvious short-term business; while the latter is obtained through the lease operators for the purpose of long-term returns, the differences between the two was not by a clear understanding of corporate decision-makers, at the same time affected the design and planning until the latter part of the management and many other links.

据了解，中国的商业房地产的发展仍然存在着一些缺点，其中之一是发展的概念的盲人，和一些商业性房地产开发公司的定位不准确的项目，发展商业形式目前尚不清楚，也没有序列，如投资管理计划，这导致房地产开发项目的后续行动跟不上，二是现有的部分商业房地产开发企业从事住宅建设出身，前者以销售本身就是一个目标，是一个明显的短期业务；而后者则是通过租赁运营商的目的是长期回报，两国之间的分歧不是由一个清楚地了解企业的决策者，同时影响了设计和规划直至后期的管理和许多其它联系。

He is the most remarkable man that I have ever known.

他是我知道的人中最值得注意的人。

Increased appearance of lymphocele was noticed in patients with diabetic nephropathy, congenital malformations of the urinary tract, and inflammatory diseases, including glomerulopathy and extraglomerular ones, after high-voltage radiotherapy and after removal of the renal graft.

经过高压放射疗法和切除移植肾后，在糖尿病肾病患者、泌尿系统先天性畸形患者和炎症患者身上发现淋巴囊肿有所增加，包括肾小球病和球外疾病等。